Synthesis of Chitosan Derivatives and Their Inhibition Effects on Methane Hydrates
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Experimental Section
2.1. Materials
2.2. Apparatus
2.3. Experimental Process
2.3.1. Preparation of Chitosan Derivatives
2.3.2. Characterization of Chitosan Derivatives
2.3.3. Methane Hydrate Formation Experiments
3. Results
3.1. Characterization of Chitosan Derivatives
3.2. Methane Hydrate Formation Experiments
3.3. Mechanism of Methane Hydrate Inhibition
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Name | Structure | Name | Structure |
---|---|---|---|
Chitosan (CS) | Carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS) | ||
N-2-hydroxypropyl-3-trimethylamine chitosan (HTCC) | N-2-hydroxypropyl-3-isooctyl ether-O-carboxymethyl chitosan (H2ECC) | ||
N-2-hydroxypropyl-3-trimethylamine-O-carboxymethyl chitosan (HTCMCh) | N-2-hydroxypropyl-3-butyl ether-O-carboxymethyl chitosan (HBCC) |
Additives | PE (MPa) | Average Induction Time (h) | Growth Time (h) |
---|---|---|---|
water | 4.14 | 2.80 | 9.90 |
CS | 2.98 | 20.38 | 15.38 |
HTCC | 2.96 | 5.90 | 16.53 |
CMCS | 2.98 | 2.07 | 23.67 |
HTCMCh | 3.03 | 7.70 | 19.12 |
HBCC | 3.47 | 3.42 | 11.17 |
H2ECC | 2.96 | 3.97 | 21.52 |
System | Water | CS | CMCS | HTCC | HTCMCh | HBCC | H2ECC |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
t0.073 mol (min) | 760 | 1766 | 690 | 1496 | 1410 | 648 | 1098 |
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Zhang, Y.; Li, Z.; Yang, X.; Li, T. Synthesis of Chitosan Derivatives and Their Inhibition Effects on Methane Hydrates. Energies 2022, 15, 2675. https://doi.org/10.3390/en15072675
Zhang Y, Li Z, Yang X, Li T. Synthesis of Chitosan Derivatives and Their Inhibition Effects on Methane Hydrates. Energies. 2022; 15(7):2675. https://doi.org/10.3390/en15072675
Chicago/Turabian StyleZhang, Yue, Zhi Li, Xiaodeng Yang, and Tianduo Li. 2022. "Synthesis of Chitosan Derivatives and Their Inhibition Effects on Methane Hydrates" Energies 15, no. 7: 2675. https://doi.org/10.3390/en15072675