The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Professional Autonomy of Anesthesiological Nurses and Trust in the Therapeutic Team of Intensive Therapy Units—Polish Multicentre Study
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Design
2.2. Setting and Procedure
2.3. Participants
2.4. Data Sources/Measurement
Dempster Practice Behavior Scale (DPBS)
2.5. Statistical Analysis
2.6. Translation Process
2.6.1. Forward Translation
2.6.2. Reconciliation
2.6.3. Back Translation
2.6.4. Back Translation Review
3. Results
3.1. Participants
3.2. Professional Autonomy in the Study Group
3.3. Validation Values of the DPBS Scale
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
6. Limitations
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Factor | Nurses | Doctors | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Gender | n = 225 | % | n = 47 | % |
Woman | 204 | 91 | 25 | 53 |
Man | 21 | 9 | 22 | 47 |
Education | ||||
Medical secondary | 24 | 11 | - | |
Bachelor of Nursing | 70 | 31 | - | |
Master of Nursing/Medical Doctor | 130 | 58 | 42 | 89 |
Doctorate | 1 | 0,4 | 5 | 11 |
Qualifications | ||||
Completed anesthetic nursing course | 104 | 46 | - | |
During the anesthetic nursing course | 12 | 5 | - | |
Completed specialization in anesthetic nursing/anaesthesiology | 102 | 45 | 27 | 57 |
In the course of specialization in anesthetic nursing/anaesthesiology | 40 | 18 | 20 | 43 |
Work experience in the profession | ||||
1–5 years | 67 | 30 | 12 | 26 |
6–10 years | 49 | 22 | 13 | 28 |
11–15 years | 30 | 13 | 8 | 17 |
16–20 years | 18 | 8 | 5 | 11 |
21–25 years | 22 | 10 | 2 | 4 |
26–30 years | 22 | 10 | 4 | 8 |
31 years and more | 17 | 8 | 3 | 6 |
Work experience in the ICU | ||||
1–5 years | 83 | 37 | 26 | 55 |
6–10 years | 48 | 21 | 6 | 13 |
11–15 years | 33 | 15 | 5 | 11 |
16–20 years | 25 | 11 | 3 | 6 |
21–25 years | 16 | 7 | 1 | 2 |
26–30 years | 12 | 5 | 5 | 11 |
31 years and more | 8 | 4 | 1 | 2 |
How Do You Assess the Level of Your (Nurses) Professional Independence in the Workplace? | Nurses | Doctors | Overall | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
n | % | n | % | n | % | |
low | 4 | 2% | 4 | 9% | 8 | 3% |
average | 82 | 36% | 18 | 38% | 100 | 37% |
high | 118 | 52% | 16 | 34% | 134 | 49% |
very high | 21 | 9% | 9 | 19% | 30 | 11% |
Overall | 225 | 100% | 47 | 100% | 272 | 100% |
χ2 = 10.35, p < 0.01 |
How Do You Assess the Level of Your (Nurses) Professional Independence in the Workplace? | Medium | Bachelor Degree | Master | Doctorate | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
n | % | n | % | n | % | n | % | |
low | 0 | 0% | 1 | 1% | 6 | 3% | 1 | 17% |
average | 6 | 25% | 32 | 46% | 60 | 35% | 2 | 33% |
high | 17 | 71% | 31 | 44% | 84 | 49% | 2 | 33% |
very high | 1 | 4% | 6 | 9% | 22 | 13% | 1 | 17% |
Overall | 24 | 100% | 70 | 100% | 172 | 100% | 6 | 100% |
χ2 = 11.77, p < 0.22. |
How Has the COVID-19 Pandemic Affected the Level of Trust in Your Nurse–Nurse Relationship Team? | Nurses | |
---|---|---|
n | % | |
Confidence has not changed | 9 | 4% |
Confidence has dropped | 104 | 47% |
Confidence has improved slightly | 66 | 29% |
Confidence has improved a lot | 46 | 20% |
Overall | 225 | 100% |
How Has the COVID-19 Pandemic Affected Your Professional Independence? | Age | Work Experience in the Profession | Work Experience in the ICU | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
x | SD | x | SD | x | SD | |
It has lowered | 38.0 | 8.7 | 15.1 | 11.3 | 12.6 | 10.7 |
It hasn’t | 41.8 | 9.7 | 18.4 | 10.7 | 15.2 | 9.9 |
Is has risen slightly | 34.7 | 8.6 | 10.0 | 8.5 | 8.1 | 7.8 |
It has risen greatly | 35.2 | 9.7 | 11.7 | 9.8 | 8.6 | 7.9 |
How Has the COVID-19 Pandemic Affected Your Professional Independence? | Women | Man | Overall | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
n | % | n | % | n | % | |
It has decreased | 5 | 2% | 2 | 5% | 7 | 3% |
It has had no effect | 78 | 34% | 14 | 33% | 92 | 34% |
It has risen slightly | 84 | 37% | 19 | 44% | 103 | 38% |
It has risen greatly | 62 | 27% | 8 | 19% | 70 | 26% |
Overall | 229 | 100% | 43 | 100% | 272 | 100% |
DPBS | Number of Items on the Scale | Number of Cases | Results of Cronbach Alfa | Average Correlation between Items | Mean | Standard Deviation |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
30 | 225 | 0.904 | 0.24 | 117.17 | 14.12 |
DPBS | Item Total Correlation | Item Total Correlation Alfa Cronbach’s Alpha after Item Removal |
---|---|---|
Readiness—Items-11 Cronbach’s alpha = 0.864 | ||
2 | 0.524 | 0.853 |
4 | 0.536 | 0.852 |
6 | 0.561 | 0.851 |
7 | 0.600 | 0.848 |
11 | 0.531 | 0.853 |
12 | 0.495 | 0.855 |
20 | 0.632 | 0.846 |
21 | 0.666 | 0.843 |
22 | 0.537 | 0.853 |
27 | 0.518 | 0.854 |
29 | 0.546 | 0.852 |
Independence—Items–7 Cronbach’s alpha = 0.614 | ||
8 | 0.423 | 0.543 |
13 | 0.427 | 0.543 |
15 | 0.244 | 0.604 |
17 | 0.393 | 0.554 |
24 | 0.247 | 0.601 |
26 | 0.229 | 0.610 |
28 | 0.331 | 0.577 |
Self-Realization—Items–9 Cronbach’s alpha = 0.795 | ||
1 | 0.372 | 0.775 |
3 | 0.522 | 0.757 |
9 | 0.540 | 0.752 |
10 | 0.552 | 0.750 |
14 | 0.554 | 0.750 |
16 | 0.531 | 0.753 |
18 | 0.249 | 0.806 |
25 | 0.567 | 0.749 |
30 | 0.444 | 0.766 |
Self-esteem—Items–3 Cronbach’s alpha = 0.515 | ||
5 | 0.221 | 0.204 |
19 | 0.165 | 0.664 |
23 | 0.336 | 0.100 |
DPBS | M | Me | SD | Min | Max | Skewness | Kurtosis |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Readiness | 42.18 | 43 | 6.19 | 26 | 55 | −0.25 | 0.27 |
Independence | 24.84 | 25 | 4.03 | 14 | 35 | −0.02 | 0.27 |
Self Realization | 38.50 | 39 | 4.11 | 20 | 45 | −0.63 | 0.27 |
Self-esteem | 11.50 | 12 | 2.31 | 3 | 15 | −0.70 | 0.27 |
DPBS | 117.02 | 118 | 13.53 | 71 | 150 | −0.33 | 0.27 |
Pearson’s r Correlation with DPBS | r | p |
---|---|---|
Readiness | 0.934 | 0.0001 |
Independence | 0.700 | 0.0001 |
Self Realization | 0.834 | 0.0001 |
Self-esteem | 0.647 | 0.0001 |
Pearson’s r Correlation | Readiness | Independence | Self Realization | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Readiness Independence | r | |||
p | ||||
Self Realization | r | 0.536 | ||
p | 0.0001 | |||
Readiness Independence | r | 0.713 | 0.405 | |
p | 0.0001 | 0.0001 | ||
Self Realization | r | 0.587 | 0.198 | 0.487 |
0.0001 | 0.0001 | 0.0001 |
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Krukowska-Sitek, H.; Krupa, S.; Grad, I. The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Professional Autonomy of Anesthesiological Nurses and Trust in the Therapeutic Team of Intensive Therapy Units—Polish Multicentre Study. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19, 12755. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191912755
Krukowska-Sitek H, Krupa S, Grad I. The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Professional Autonomy of Anesthesiological Nurses and Trust in the Therapeutic Team of Intensive Therapy Units—Polish Multicentre Study. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2022; 19(19):12755. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191912755
Chicago/Turabian StyleKrukowska-Sitek, Hanna, Sabina Krupa, and Iga Grad. 2022. "The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Professional Autonomy of Anesthesiological Nurses and Trust in the Therapeutic Team of Intensive Therapy Units—Polish Multicentre Study" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 19: 12755. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191912755