Comparison of body composition, nutritional status, functional status, and quality of life between osteoporotic and osteopenic postmenopausal women

Background and objective: Osteoporosis is a condition that affects body composition, physical activity, and psychological state. We aimed to examine the differences between osteoporotic and osteopenic postmenopausal women with respect to body composition, nutrition, functional status, and quality of life.
Materials and methods: A total of 102 osteopenic (Group 1) and 100 osteoporotic (Group 2) patients were enrolled in the study. Bone mineral density (BMD), fat tissue mass (FTM), lean tissue mass (LTM), and bone mineral content (BMC) were evaluated using dual-energy X-ray absorbtiometry. Nutritional status of the patients was assessed with the Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA), functional status with the Nottingham Extended Activities of Daily Living (NEADL) scale, and quality of life with the assessment of health-related quality of life in osteoporosis (ECOS-16).
Results: Group 2 had significantly lower FTM, LTM, and MNA scores than Group 1 (P < 0.05). NEADL and ECOS-16 scores did not differ between the groups (P > 0.05). A significant correlation was found between MNA and FTM, LTM, BMC, and BMD (P < 0.05). Whereas the assessment of functional status showed a significant positive correlation with BMD and a significant negative correlation with age (P < 0.05), no significant correlation was found between functional status and body composition (P > 0.05).
Conclusions: We found lower FTM and LTM values and a poorer nutritional status in osteoporotic patients than in osteopenic ones. Nutritional status was correlated with body composition and BMD, and functional status was correlated with age and BMD.