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Article

Microvascular Distribution in the Ocular Conjunctiva and Digestive Tract in an Experimental Setting

by
Andrius Pranskūnas
1,*,
Vidas Pilvinis
1,
Žilvinas Dambrauskas
2,
Renata Rasimavičiūtė
1,
Eglė Milieškaitė
1,
Algimantas Bubulis
3,
Vincentas Veikutis
4,
Dinas Vaitkaitis
5 and
E. Christiaan Boerma
6,7
1
Department of Intensive Care, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences
2
Department of Surgery, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences
3
Center of Mechatronics, Kaunas University of Technology
4
Institute of Cardiology, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences
5
Department of Disaster Medicine, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Lithuania
6
Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Medical Center Leeuwarden, the Netherlands
7
Department of Translational Physiology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Medicina 2012, 48(8), 62; https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina48080062
Submission received: 30 January 2012 / Accepted: 30 August 2012 / Published: 4 September 2012
Versions Notes

Abstract

microcirculation; conjunctiva; jejunum; rectum; pigs
Keywords: Recently improved microcirculatory imaging techniques, such as orthogonal polarization spectral (OPS) and its technical successor sidestream dark field (SDF) imaging, in handheld devices have allowed a direct observation of the microcirculation at the bedside. Usually a cut-off of 20 μm in diameter is used to differentiate small vessels (mainly capillaries) from large vessels (mainly venules) during this technique. We hypothesized that it was possible to measure the small vessels with a considerably smaller inner diameter. Material and Methods. Images of the sublingual, conjunctival, jejunal, and rectal mucosa microcirculation were obtained with SDF videomicroscopy (Microscan®, Microvision Medical, Amsterdam, the Netherlands). Using the validated software, the length and diameter of microvessels were manually traced with a computer-generated line. All vessels were divided into the groups according to the inner diameter. Results. A total of 156 SDF images of the sublingual, ocular conjunctival, jejunal, and rectal mucosa were taken in 13 pigs. The length of microscopic vessels progressively increased with a decrease in the vessel diameter less than 8 mm in all the lodges, such as sublingual (80.6% of total vessel length), ocular conjunctival (76.5% of total vessel length), jejunal (99.8% of total vessel length), and rectal (97.8% of total vessel length), due to capillary network formation. There was no significant difference in the distribution of vessels from 0 to 10 μm in diameter comparing sublingual and eye conjunctival as well as jejunal and rectal mucosa. Conclusion. In pigs, small-diameter microscopic vessels (<10 μm) dominated in all the studied lodges (sublingual, ocular conjunctival, jejunal, and rectal mucosa), and this is evidence to establish a new cut-off for capillaries in microcirculatory analysis of SDF imaging in experimental and clinical studies. Recently improved microcirculatory imaging techniques, such as orthogonal polarization spectral (OPS) and its technical successor sidestream dark field (SDF) imaging, in handheld devices have allowed a direct observation of the microcirculation at the bedside. Usually a cut-off of 20 μm in diameter is used to differentiate small vessels (mainly capillaries) from large vessels (mainly venules) during this technique. We hypothesized that it was possible to measure the small vessels with a considerably smaller inner diameter. Material and Methods. Images of the sublingual, conjunctival, jejunal, and rectal mucosa microcirculation were obtained with SDF videomicroscopy (Microscan®, Microvision Medical, Amsterdam, the Netherlands). Using the validated software, the length and diameter of microvessels were manually traced with a computer-generated line. All vessels were divided into the groups according to the inner diameter. Results. A total of 156 SDF images of the sublingual, ocular conjunctival, jejunal, and rectal mucosa were taken in 13 pigs. The length of microscopic vessels progressively increased with a decrease in the vessel diameter less than 8 mm in all the lodges, such as sublingual (80.6% of total vessel length), ocular conjunctival (76.5% of total vessel length), jejunal (99.8% of total vessel length), and rectal (97.8% of total vessel length), due to capillary network formation. There was no significant difference in the distribution of vessels from 0 to 10 μm in diameter comparing sublingual and eye conjunctival as well as jejunal and rectal mucosa. Conclusion. In pigs, small-diameter microscopic vessels (<10 μm) dominated in all the studied lodges (sublingual, ocular conjunctival, jejunal, and rectal mucosa), and this is evidence to establish a new cut-off for capillaries in microcirculatory analysis of SDF imaging in experimental and clinical studies.

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MDPI and ACS Style

Pranskūnas, A.; Pilvinis, V.; Dambrauskas, Ž.; Rasimavičiūtė, R.; Milieškaitė, E.; Bubulis, A.; Veikutis, V.; Vaitkaitis, D.; Boerma, E.C. Microvascular Distribution in the Ocular Conjunctiva and Digestive Tract in an Experimental Setting. Medicina 2012, 48, 62. https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina48080062

AMA Style

Pranskūnas A, Pilvinis V, Dambrauskas Ž, Rasimavičiūtė R, Milieškaitė E, Bubulis A, Veikutis V, Vaitkaitis D, Boerma EC. Microvascular Distribution in the Ocular Conjunctiva and Digestive Tract in an Experimental Setting. Medicina. 2012; 48(8):62. https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina48080062

Chicago/Turabian Style

Pranskūnas, Andrius, Vidas Pilvinis, Žilvinas Dambrauskas, Renata Rasimavičiūtė, Eglė Milieškaitė, Algimantas Bubulis, Vincentas Veikutis, Dinas Vaitkaitis, and E. Christiaan Boerma. 2012. "Microvascular Distribution in the Ocular Conjunctiva and Digestive Tract in an Experimental Setting" Medicina 48, no. 8: 62. https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina48080062

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