Direct Measurement of the Four-Phase Equilibrium Coexistence Vapor–Aqueous Solution–Ice–Gas Hydrate in Water–Carbon Dioxide System
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. Measurement Results of Reference Systems
2.1.1. Ice Freezing Point at Ambient Pressure
2.1.2. Three-Phase Equilibrium Conditions V-Lw-H of CO2–H2O System
2.2. Measurement of Pressure and Temperature in the Lower Quadruple Point Q1 of CO2–H2O System
3. Discussion
4. Materials and Methods
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Run | T, K | P, MPa | Standard Deviation T, K | Standard Deviation P, MPa |
---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 271.60 | 1.044 | 0.008 | 0.002 |
2 | 271.60 | 1.042 | 0.007 | 0.002 |
3 | 271.60 | 1.040 | 0.009 | 0.002 |
4 | 271.61 | 1.044 | 0.007 | 0.003 |
5 | 271.60 | 1.047 | 0.009 | 0.002 |
6 | 271.59 | 1.045 | 0.009 | 0.002 |
Average | 271.60 | 1.044 | 0.006 | 0.002 |
T, K | P, MPa | uc(T), K | uc(P), MPa | Determination Method | Reference |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
271.60 | 1.044 | 0.023 | 0.021 | Direct measurement | Mean of runs 1–6 (this work) |
271.7 | 1.03 | 0.20 | 0.02 | Intersection of V-Lw-H and V-I-H lines | Yasuda and Ohmura 2008 [29] |
271.6 | 1.04 | 0.2 | 0.02 | Intersection of V-Lw(Lw*)-H and V-I-H lines | Nema et al. 2017 [32] |
271.65 | 1.03 | n/a | n/a | Intersection of V-Lw(Lw*)-I and V-I(Lw)-H lines | Mel’nikov et al. 2014 [54] |
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Semenov, A.; Mendgaziev, R.; Stoporev, A.; Istomin, V.; Tulegenov, T.; Yarakhmedov, M.; Novikov, A.; Vinokurov, V. Direct Measurement of the Four-Phase Equilibrium Coexistence Vapor–Aqueous Solution–Ice–Gas Hydrate in Water–Carbon Dioxide System. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24, 9321. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24119321
Semenov A, Mendgaziev R, Stoporev A, Istomin V, Tulegenov T, Yarakhmedov M, Novikov A, Vinokurov V. Direct Measurement of the Four-Phase Equilibrium Coexistence Vapor–Aqueous Solution–Ice–Gas Hydrate in Water–Carbon Dioxide System. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2023; 24(11):9321. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24119321
Chicago/Turabian StyleSemenov, Anton, Rais Mendgaziev, Andrey Stoporev, Vladimir Istomin, Timur Tulegenov, Murtazali Yarakhmedov, Andrei Novikov, and Vladimir Vinokurov. 2023. "Direct Measurement of the Four-Phase Equilibrium Coexistence Vapor–Aqueous Solution–Ice–Gas Hydrate in Water–Carbon Dioxide System" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24, no. 11: 9321. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24119321