Transcription Profile and Pathway Analysis of the Endocannabinoid Receptor Inverse Agonist AM630 in the Core and Infiltrative Boundary of Human Glioblastoma Cells
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Reagents
2.2. Cellular Models
2.3. Microarray Analysis
2.4. Expression Analysis
2.5. Drug Comparison
2.6. Transcription Factor Co-Expression Profiles
2.7. Pathway Analysis
3. Results
3.1. The GBM Core and Invasive Margin Cells Show Distinct Gene Expression Patterns
3.2. The AM630 Driven Differential Expression Profiles in the GBM Cells Point to an Anti-Proliferative Activity in the Context of the Core Tumour Cells
4. Discussion
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
Sample Availability
References
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CORE | INVASIVE | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
CELL | r | Z | CELL | r | Z |
GBM | 0.33 | 42.09 | SKCM | −0.05 | −6.72 |
SKCM | 0.30 | 38.12 | UCEC | −0.06 | −7.02 |
BRCA | 0.28 | 35.72 | GBM | −0.07 | −8.56 |
LUSC | 0.27 | 34.09 | TGCT | −0.07 | −8.98 |
HNSC | 0.26 | 32.79 | LIHC | −0.08 | −9.82 |
BLCA | 0.26 | 32.64 | OV | −0.08 | −10.08 |
TGCT | 0.25 | 32.62 | KIRP | −0.08 | −10.07 |
OV | 0.25 | 31.90 | PAAD | −0.08 | −10.48 |
CESC | 0.24 | 30.97 | READ | −0.08 | −10.48 |
UCEC | 0.24 | 29.86 | HNSC | −0.09 | −11.21 |
STAD | 0.23 | 29.94 | BLCA | −0.09 | −11.24 |
PRAD | 0.23 | 29.57 | KICH | −0.09 | −11.65 |
THCA | 0.21 | 26.94 | COAD | −0.09 | −11.72 |
LUAD | 0.21 | 26.73 | CESC | −0.10 | −12.15 |
COAD | 0.21 | 26.40 | PRAD | −0.10 | −12.61 |
READ | 0.21 | 26.21 | THCA | −0.10 | −12.57 |
KIRC | 0.21 | 26.40 | STAD | −0.12 | −14.59 |
KICH | 0.21 | 25.85 | LUSC | −0.12 | −15.39 |
PAAD | 0.20 | 25.56 | LUAD | −0.13 | −16.28 |
KIRP | 0.19 | 23.91 | KIRC | −0.14 | −17.13 |
LIHC | 0.17 | 20.84 | BRCA | −0.14 | −17.76 |
Core | Invasive | ||
---|---|---|---|
Z | Pathway | Z | Pathway |
13.98 | CHEK2 PCC NETWORK | 8.79 | ES WITH H3K27ME3 |
13.96 | TARGETS OF MIR192 AND MIR215 | 8.60 | MEF HCP WITH H3K27ME3 |
13.57 | MYCN TARGETS WITH E BOX | 7.59 | PRC2 TARGETS |
13.16 | BRCA1 PCC NETWORK | 7.36 | SUZ12 TARGETS |
12.58 | LUNG CANCER POOR SURVIVAL A6 | 7.08 | TRANSIENTLY UP BY 2ND EGF PULSE ONLY |
11.59 | NANOG TARGETS | 6.99 | EED TARGETS |
10.61 | ACINAR DEVELOPMENT LATE 2 | 6.94 | MCV6 HCP WITH H3K27ME3 |
10.61 | CYCLING GENES | 6.34 | NPC HCP WITH H3K4ME2 AND H3K27ME3 |
10.45 | RB1 TARGETS SENESCENT | 5.74 | BRAIN HCP WITH H3K27ME3 |
10.25 | TARGETS OF SMAD2 OR SMAD3 | 5.63 | NPC HCP WITH H3K27ME3 |
9.95 | LIVER CANCER | 5.58 | EBNA1 ANTICORRELATED |
9.95 | BRCA2 PCC NETWORK | 5.49 | TP63 TARGETS |
9.92 | BOUND BY E2F4 UNSTIMULATED | 5.16 | EGF RESPONSE 480 HELA |
9.60 | mir21 targets | 5.16 | dilated cardiomyopathy |
9.33 | MIR21 TARGETS | 4.87 | GASTRIC CANCER CHEMOSENSITIVITY |
9.10 | RB1 TARGETS CONFLUENT | 4.84 | BREAST CANCER 16P13 AMPLICONn |
8.99 | EMBRYONIC STEM CELL CORE | 4.79 | FOCAL ADHESION |
8.91 | SOX2 TARGETS | 4.31 | ES ICP WITH H3K27ME3 |
8.88 | TARGETS OF MIR34B AND MIR34C | 4.21 | MBD TARGETS |
8.69 | HYPOXIA NOT VIA KDM3A | 4.20 | NFAT 3PATHWAY |
Up-Regulated Pathways | Down-Regulated Pathways | ||
---|---|---|---|
Z-Score | Pathway | Z-Score | Pathway |
7.22 | TP63 TARGETS | −14.33 | CHEK2 PCC NETWORK |
7.03 | TRANSIENTLY UP BY 1ST EGF PULSE ONLY | −14.28 | BRCA1 PCC NETWORK |
6.18 | TP53 TARGETS | −14.05 | EMBRYONIC STEM CELL CORE |
6.03 | IFNA RESPONSE | −14.04 | BOUND BY E2F4 UNSTIMULATED |
5.85 | CLASS 3 TRANSIENTLY INDUCED BY EGF | −13.20 | MYCN TARGETS WITH E BOX |
5.60 | ENDOCRINE THERAPY RESISTANCE 3 | −12.51 | ACINAR DEVELOPMENT LATE 2 |
5.57 | INTERFERON RESPONSIVE GENES | −12.45 | BRCA2 PCC NETWORK |
5.44 | TP53 AND TP63 TARGETS | −12.32 | LUNG CANCER POOR SURVIVAL A6 |
5.33 | IMMUNE SYSTEM | −11.84 | CERVICAL CANCER PROLIFERATION CLUS-TER |
5.26 | AMINO ACID DEPRIVATION | −11.27 | TARGETS OF MIR34B AND MIR34C |
5.04 | IFNB1 TARGETS | −10.88 | RB1 TARGETS SENESCENT |
4.99 | INTERFERON INDUCED ANTIVIRAL MOD-ULE | −10.49 | CELL CYCLE MITOTIC |
4.94 | RESPONSE TO UV C0 | −10.40 | PLURINET |
4.89 | RESPONSE TO ARSENITE | −10.23 | XPRSS INT NETWORK |
4.50 | INTERFERON ALPHA BETA SIGNALING | −9.94 | CYCLING GENES |
4.48 | LMP1 RESPONSE EARLY | −9.78 | RB1 TARGETS GROWING |
4.38 | GENERIC TRANSCRIPTION PATHWAY | −9.70 | CELL CYCLE GENES IN IR RESPONSE 24HR |
4.37 | INTERFERON ALPHA BETA SIGNALING | −9.52 | BRCA CENTERED NETWORK |
4.36 | ANTIGEN PRESENTATION FOLDING AS-SEMBLY | −9.32 | DNA REPLICATION |
4.25 | AMYLOIDS | −9.14 | PEDIATRIC CANCER MARKERS |
Up-Regulated Pathways | Down-Regulated Pathways | ||
---|---|---|---|
Z-Score | Pathway | Z-Score | Pathway |
3.87 | METABOLISM OF PROTEINS | −3.76 | ADULT TISSUE STEM MODULE |
3.69 | NEUROTROPHIN SIGNALING PATHWAY | −3.42 | PYRUVATE METABOLISM |
3.18 | SEMA4D INDUCED CELL MIGRATION AND GROWTH CONE COLLAPSE | −3.36 | EZH2 TARGETS |
3.15 | SOS MEDIATED SIGNALLING | −3.31 | BLADDER CANCER HIGH RECURRENCE |
3.13 | ZNF143 PARTNERS | −3.23 | B CLL WITH 6Q21 DELETION |
3.06 | CLASS I MHC MEDIATED ANTIGEN PRO-CESSING PRESENTATION | −3.16 | MIR21 TARGETS |
3.06 | REGULATION OF IFNG SIGNALING | −3.16 | RB1 TARGETS CONFLUENT |
3.05 | SIGNALING BY WNT | −3.15 | FATTY ACID TRIACYLGLYCEROL AND KE-TONE BODY METABOLISM |
3.00 | FORMATION OF TUBULIN FOLDING INTERMEDIATES BY CCT TRIC | −3.13 | NETRIN1 SIGNALING |
3.00 | ANTIGEN PROCESSING UBIQUITINATION PROTEASOME DEGRADATION | −3.01 | MCV6 ICP WITH H3K4ME3 AND H3K27ME3 |
2.92 | V2 LATE DIFFERENTIATION GENES | −2.97 | HYPOXIA |
2.90 | EPO PATHWAYy | −2.87 | MYC ONCOGENIC SIGNATURE |
2.89 | IL4RECEPTOR IN B LYPHOCYTES | −2.87 | TNF RESPONSE NOT VIA P38 |
2.87 | TEMPORAL RESPONSE TO PROGESTERONE CLUSTER 7 | −2.77 | HYPOXIA METAGENE |
2.83 | MYC MAX TARGETS | −2.75 | HEMATOPOIESIS STEM CELL QTL CIS |
2.82 | HOST INTERACTIONS OF HIV FACTORS | −2.75 | TEMPORAL RESPONSE TO PROGESTERONE CLUSTER 5 |
2.77 | PREFOLDIN MEDIATED TRANSFER OF SUB-STRATE TO CCT TRIC | −2.70 | TUMOR INVASIVENESS |
2.76 | SIGNALING BY ERBB4 | −2.70 | MYOGENIC TARGETS OF PAX3 FOXO1 FUSION |
2.73 | IFNG PATHWAY | −2.65 | CDH1 SIGNALING VIA CTNNB1 |
2.72 | CYCLIN E ASSOCIATED EVENTS DURING G1 S TRANSITION | −2.64 | REGULATION OF PYRUVATE DEHYDRO-GENASE PDH COMPLEX |
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Williams, G.; Chambers, D.; Rahman, R.; Molina-Holgado, F. Transcription Profile and Pathway Analysis of the Endocannabinoid Receptor Inverse Agonist AM630 in the Core and Infiltrative Boundary of Human Glioblastoma Cells. Molecules 2022, 27, 2049. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules27072049
Williams G, Chambers D, Rahman R, Molina-Holgado F. Transcription Profile and Pathway Analysis of the Endocannabinoid Receptor Inverse Agonist AM630 in the Core and Infiltrative Boundary of Human Glioblastoma Cells. Molecules. 2022; 27(7):2049. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules27072049
Chicago/Turabian StyleWilliams, Gareth, David Chambers, Ruman Rahman, and Francisco Molina-Holgado. 2022. "Transcription Profile and Pathway Analysis of the Endocannabinoid Receptor Inverse Agonist AM630 in the Core and Infiltrative Boundary of Human Glioblastoma Cells" Molecules 27, no. 7: 2049. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules27072049