The Equilibria in Lipid–Lipoic Acid Systems: Monolayers, Microelectrophoretic and Interfacial Tension Studies
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results and Discussion
2.1. Monolayer Experiment and Theoretical Considerations
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- The equation describing the stability constant of the complex:
- -
- The equation describing the area occupied by one molecule of the complex:
2.1.1. PC–LA Complex
2.1.2. PS–LA Complex
2.2. Microelectrophoretic Experiments
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- The isoelectric point for the anionic PS lipid with lipoic acid (e.g., for 1:1 ratio) lies at lower pH values (~1.5) compared to the PC–LA system (pH ~ 2.6).
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- The zeta potential values for the PS–LA system in the range of pH 2–9 are negative and show values from −3 to −40 mV, while for the PC–LA system, these values are lower and are 5 mV (for pure PC at pH~2) to −17 mV (for the PC–LA mixture (1: 3)).
2.3. Interfacial Tension Experiment and Theoretical Considerations
3. Materials and Methods
3.1. Materials
3.1.1. Monolayer Preparation—Spreading Solvent and Subphase
3.1.2. Spherical Bilayer Preparation
3.1.3. Liposome Preparation
3.2. Monolayer Measurements
3.3. Interfacial Tension Measurements
3.4. Microelectrophoretic Measurements
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Sample Availability: Not available. |
System | Surface Area of Complex (Ǻ2 molecule−1) | Stability Constant (m2·mol−1) | Complex Formation Energy (kJ mol−1) |
---|---|---|---|
PC–LA | 81 ± 0.8 | 3.50 × 106 | −37.27 ± 1.64 |
PS–LA | 86 ± 0.9 | 8.70 × 106 | −39.53 ± 1.74 |
Examined System | Isoelectric Point | Zeta Potential Values ς (mV) | |
---|---|---|---|
pH~2 | pH~9 | ||
PC | ~3.2 | 5.47 ± 0.33 | −5.93 ± 0.40 |
PC–LA (3:1) | ~3.1 | 2.03 ± 0.27 | −7.20 ± 0.27 |
PC–LA (1:1) | ~2.6 | 4.53 ± 0.60 | −10.73 ± 0.20 |
PC–LA (1:3) | ~2.3 | 3.13 ± 0.20 | −16.80 ± 0.33 |
System | Isoelectric Point | Zeta Potential Values ς (mV) | |
---|---|---|---|
pH~2 | pH~9 | ||
PS | ~1.4 | −9.66 ± 0.13 | −39.13 ± 0.60 |
PS–LA (3:1) | ~1.7 | −5.53 ± 0.07 | −42.04 ± 0.35 |
PS–LA (1:1) | ~1.5 | −8.02 ± 0.40 | −40.35 ± 0.59 |
PS–LA (1:3) | ~1.9 | −2.60 ± 0.35 | −28.35 ± 0.36 |
System | Surface Area (Ǻ2 Molecule−1) | Stability Constant (m2 mol−1) | Complex Formation Energy (kJ mol−1) |
---|---|---|---|
PC–LA | 98.0 ± 0.9 | 9.20 × 106 | −39.68 ± 1.75 |
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Laszuk, P.; Urbaniak, W.; Petelska, A.D. The Equilibria in Lipid–Lipoic Acid Systems: Monolayers, Microelectrophoretic and Interfacial Tension Studies. Molecules 2020, 25, 3678. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules25163678
Laszuk P, Urbaniak W, Petelska AD. The Equilibria in Lipid–Lipoic Acid Systems: Monolayers, Microelectrophoretic and Interfacial Tension Studies. Molecules. 2020; 25(16):3678. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules25163678
Chicago/Turabian StyleLaszuk, Paulina, Wiesław Urbaniak, and Aneta D. Petelska. 2020. "The Equilibria in Lipid–Lipoic Acid Systems: Monolayers, Microelectrophoretic and Interfacial Tension Studies" Molecules 25, no. 16: 3678. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules25163678