Enhancing the Liquefied Petroleum Gas Sensing Sensitivity of Mn-Ferrite with Vanadium Doping
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Materials and Preparation Route
2.2. Characterization Techniques
3. Results
3.1. XRD Analysis
3.2. Microstructure Analysis
3.3. Magnetic Properties
3.4. LPG Gas Sensing
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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X Ratio | 0.0 | 0.05 | 0.10 | 0.20 |
---|---|---|---|---|
a | 8.488(3) | 8.490(4) | 8.499(4) | 8.487(6) |
CS (nm) | 86 | 25 | 16 | 6 |
ε × 10−5 | 3.4 | 9.2 | 19.3 | 28.5 |
Metal Cation | A-Sites (Tetrahedral) | B-Sites (Octahedral) |
---|---|---|
Mn2+ | 0.66 | 0.83 |
Fe3+ | 0.49 | 0.55 |
V5+ | 0.495 | 0.68 |
X ratio | 0.0 | 0.05 | 0.10 | 0.2 |
---|---|---|---|---|
Hc | 106.27 | 104.13 | 32.125 | 31.234 |
Mr | 5.6453 | 4.9897 | 1.3393 | 0.68678 |
Ms | 58.351 | 50.891 | 51.034 | 34.789 |
TA | 73.201 | 62.929 | 61.260 | 31.351 |
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Abd-Elkader, O.H.; Al-Enizi, A.M.; Shaikh, S.F.; Ubaidullah, M.; Abdelkader, M.O.; Mostafa, N.Y. Enhancing the Liquefied Petroleum Gas Sensing Sensitivity of Mn-Ferrite with Vanadium Doping. Processes 2022, 10, 2012. https://doi.org/10.3390/pr10102012
Abd-Elkader OH, Al-Enizi AM, Shaikh SF, Ubaidullah M, Abdelkader MO, Mostafa NY. Enhancing the Liquefied Petroleum Gas Sensing Sensitivity of Mn-Ferrite with Vanadium Doping. Processes. 2022; 10(10):2012. https://doi.org/10.3390/pr10102012
Chicago/Turabian StyleAbd-Elkader, Omar H., Abdullah M. Al-Enizi, Shoyebmohamad F. Shaikh, Mohd Ubaidullah, Mohamed O. Abdelkader, and Nasser Y. Mostafa. 2022. "Enhancing the Liquefied Petroleum Gas Sensing Sensitivity of Mn-Ferrite with Vanadium Doping" Processes 10, no. 10: 2012. https://doi.org/10.3390/pr10102012