Glucose Homeostasis, Fetal Growth and Gestational Diabetes Mellitus in Pregnancy after Bariatric Surgery: A Scoping Review
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Methods
2.1. Data Search
2.2. Data Analysis
3. Literature Search and Overview of Selection
4. Results
4.1. Characteristics of Glucose Homeostasis in Pregnancy After Bariatric Surgery
4.2. Is Abnormal Glucose Homeostasis a Main Culprit for Fetal Growth Retardation in A Pregnancy After Bariatric Surgery?
4.3. Prevalence of GDM in a Pregnancy After Bariatric Surgery
4.4. Impact of the Interval Between Bariatric Surgery And Pregnancy on the Prevalence of GDM
4.5. Impact of BMI After Bariatric Surgery on the Prevalence of GDM
4.6. Impact of Type of Bariatric Surgery on Prevalence of GDM
5. Discussion
5.1. Summary of Findings
5.2. Results in Relation to What We Already Know
5.3. Novelty and Practical Implications
5.4. Strengths and Limitations
5.5. Future Research
6. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
- Afshin, A.; Forouzanfar, M.H.; Reitsma, M.B.; Sur, P.; Estep, K.; Lee, A.; Marczak, L.; Mokdad, A.H.; Moradi-Lakeh, M.; Naghavi, M.; et al. Health effects of overweight and obesity in 195 countries over 25 years. N. Engl. J. Med. 2017, 377, 13–27. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Drieskens, R.C.S.; Gisle, L. Gezondheidsenquête 2018: Voedingsstatus. Brussel, België: Sciensano; Rapportnummer: D/2019/14.440/53. Available online: https://his.wiv-isp.be/nl/SitePages/Introductiepagina.aspx (accessed on 18 May 2020).
- Euro-Peristat. Euro-Peristat Project. European Perinatal Health Report. Core Indicators of the Health and Care of Pregnant Women and Babies in Europe in 2015. Available online: www.europeristat.com (accessed on 18 May 2020).
- Devlieger, R.; Benhalima, K.; Damm, P.; Van Assche, A.; Mathieu, C.; Mahmood, T.; Dunne, F.; Bogaerts, A. Maternal obesity in Europe: Where do we stand and how to move forward? A scientific paper commissioned by the European Board and College of Obstetrics and Gynaecology (EBCOG). Eur. J. Obstet. Gyn. Reprod. B 2016, 201, 203–208. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Catalano, P.M.; Shankar, K. Obesity and pregnancy: Mechanisms of short term and long term adverse consequences for mother and child. BMJ 2017, 356, j1. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Adams, T.D.; Davidson, L.E.; Hunt, S.C. Weight and metabolic outcomes 12 years after gastric bypass. N. Engl. J. Med. 2018, 378, 93–96. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Welbourn, R.; Hollyman, M.; Kinsman, R.; Dixon, J.; Liem, R.; Ottosson, J.; Ramos, A.; Vage, V.; Al-Sabah, S.; Brown, W.; et al. Bariatric surgery worldwide: Baseline demographic description and one-year outcomes from the fourth IFSO global registry report 2018. Obes. Surg. 2019, 29, 782–795. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Green Version]
- Akhter, Z.; Rankin, J.; Ceulemans, D.; Ngongalah, L.; Ackroyd, R.; Devlieger, R.; Vieira, R.; Heslehurst, N. Pregnancy after bariatric surgery and adverse perinatal outcomes: A systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS Med. 2019, 16, e1002866. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Angrisani, L.; Lorenzo, M.; Borrelli, V. Laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding versus Roux-en-Y gastric bypass: 5-Year results of a prospective randomized trial. Surg. Obes. Relat. Dis. 2007, 3, 127–132. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Himpens, J.; Cadiere, G.B.; Bazi, M.; Vouche, M.; Cadiere, B.; Dapri, G. Long-term outcomes of laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding. Arch. Surg. 2011, 146, 802–807. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Batterham, R.L.; Cummings, D.E. Mechanisms of diabetes improvement following bariatric/metabolic surgery. Diabetes Care 2016, 39, 893–901. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [Green Version]
- Cavin, J.B.; Bado, A.; Le Gall, M. Intestinal adaptations after bariatric surgery: Consequences on glucose homeostasis. Trends Endocrinol. Metab. 2017, 28, 354–364. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Kefurt, R.; Langer, F.B.; Schindler, K.; Shakeri-Leidenmuhler, S.; Ludvik, B.; Prager, G. Hypoglycemia after Roux-En-Y gastric bypass: Detection rates of continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) versus mixed meal test. Surg. Obes. Relat. Dis. 2015, 11, 564–569. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Schauer, P.R.; Kashyap, S.R.; Wolski, K.; Brethauer, S.A.; Kirwan, J.P.; Pothier, C.E.; Thomas, S.; Abood, B.; Nissen, S.E.; Bhatt, D.L. Bariatric surgery versus intensive medical therapy in obese patients with diabetes. N. Engl. J. Med. 2012, 366, 1567–1576. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Dutia, R.; Brakoniecki, K.; Bunker, P.; Paultre, F.; Homel, P.; Carpentier, A.C.; Mcginty, J.; Laferrère, B. Limited recovery of b-cell function after gastric bypass despite clinical diabetes remission. Diabetes 2014, 63, 1214–1223. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Green Version]
- Sjostrom, L. Review of the key results from the Swedish Obese Subjects (SOS) trial—A prospective controlled intervention study of bariatric surgery. J. Intern. Med. 2013, 273, 219–234. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Peterli, R.; Wolnerhanssen, B.; Peters, T.; Devaux, N.; Kern, B.; Christoffel-Courtin, C.; Drewe, J.; von Flue, M.; Beglinger, C. Improvement in glucose metabolism after bariatric surgery: Comparison of laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass and laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy: A prospective randomized trial. Ann. Surg. 2009, 250, 234–241. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Mingrone, G.; Panunzi, S.; De Gaetano, A.; Ahlin, S.; Spuntarelli, V.; Bondia-Pons, I.; Barbieri, C.; Capristo, E.; Gastaldelli, A.; Nolan, J.J. Insulin sensitivity depends on the route of glucose administration. Diabetologia 2020, 63, 1382–1395. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Tharakan, G.; Behary, P.; Wewer Albrechtsen, N.J.; Chahal, H.; Kenkre, J.; Miras, A.D.; Ahmed, A.R.; Holst, J.J.; Bloom, S.R.; Tan, T. Roles of increased glycaemic variability, GLP-1 and glucagon in hypoglycaemia after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass. Eur. J. Endocrinol. 2017, 177, 455–464. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Capristo, E.; Panunzi, S.; De Gaetano, A.; Spuntarelli, V.; Bellantone, R.; Giustacchini, P.; Birkenfeld, A.L.; Amiel, S.; Bornstein, S.R.; Raffaelli, M.; et al. Incidence of Hypoglycemia After Gastric Bypass vs. Sleeve Gastrectomy: A Randomized Trial. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 2018, 103, 2136–2146. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [Green Version]
- Galazis, N.; Docheva, N.; Simillis, C.; Nicolaides, K.H. Maternal and neonatal outcomes in women undergoing bariatric surgery: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur. J. Obstet. Gynecol. Reprod. Biol. 2014, 181, 45–53. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Kwong, W.; Tomlinson, G.; Feig, D.S. Maternal and neonatal outcomes after bariatric surgery; a systematic review and meta-analysis: Do the benefits outweigh the risks? Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. 2018, 218, 573–580. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Yi, X.Y.; Li, Q.F.; Zhang, J.; Wang, Z.H. A meta-analysis of maternal and fetal outcomes of pregnancy after bariatric surgery. Int. J. Gynaecol. Obstet. 2015, 130, 3–9. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Wang, J.; Shen, S.; Price, M.J.; Lu, J.; Sumilo, D.; Kuang, Y.; Manolopoulos, K.; Xia, H.; Qiu, X.; Cheng, K.K.; et al. Glucose, insulin, and lipids in cord blood of neonates and their association with birthweight: Differential metabolic risk of large for gestational age and small for gestational age babies. J. Pediatr. 2020, 220, 64–72.e2. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Scholl, T.O.; Sowers, M.; Chen, X.; Lenders, C. Maternal glucose concentration influences fetal growth, gestation, and pregnancy complications. Am. J. Epidemiol. 2001, 154, 514–520. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Green Version]
- Abell, D.A.; Beischer, N.A. Relationship between maternal glucose-tolerance and fetal size at birth. Aust. Nz. J. Obstet. Gyn. 1976, 16, 1–4. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Khouzami, V.A.; Ginsburg, D.S.; Daikoku, N.H.; Johnson, J.W. The glucose tolerance test as a means of identifying intrauterine growth retardation. Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. 1981, 139, 423–426. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Langer, O.; Damus, K.; Maiman, M.; Divon, M.; Levy, J.; Bauman, W. A link between relative hypoglycemia-hypoinsulinemia during oral glucose tolerance tests and intrauterine growth retardation. Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. 1986, 155, 711–716. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Nayak, A.U.; Vijay, A.M.A.; Indusekhar, R.; Kalidindi, S.; Katreddy, V.M.; Varadhan, L. Association of hypoglycaemia in screening oral glucose tolerance test in pregnancy with low birth weight fetus. World J. Diabetes 2019, 10, 304–310. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Plows, J.F.; Stanley, J.L.; Baker, P.N.; Reynolds, C.M.; Vickers, M.H. The pathophysiology of gestational diabetes mellitus. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2018, 19, 3342. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [Green Version]
- Rogne, T.; Jacobsen, G.W. Association between low blood glucose increase during glucose tolerance tests in pregnancy and impaired fetal growth. Acta Obstet. Gyn. Scan. 2014, 93, 1160–1169. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Capula, C.; Chiefari, E.; Vero, A.; Arcidiacono, B.; Iiritano, S.; Puccio, L.; Pullano, V.; Foti, D.P.; Brunetti, A.; Vero, R. Gestational diabetes mellitus: Screening and outcomes in southern Italian pregnant women. ISRN Endocrinol. 2013, 2013, 387495. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [Green Version]
- Gopalakrishnan, V.; Singh, R.; Pradeep, Y.; Kapoor, D.; Rani, A.K.; Pradhan, S.; Bhatia, E.; Yadav, S.B. Evaluation of the prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus in North Indians using the International Association of Diabetes and Pregnancy Study groups (IADPSG) criteria. J. Postgrad. Med. 2015, 61, 155–158. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Tricco, A.C.; Lillie, E.; Zarin, W.; O’Brien, K.K.; Colquhoun, H.; Levac, D.; Moher, D.; Peters, M.D.J.; Horsley, T.; Weeks, L.; et al. PRISMA Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR): Checklist and Explanation. Ann. Intern. Med. 2018, 169, 467–473. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Green Version]
- Andrade, H.F.; Pedrosa, W.; Diniz Mde, F.; Passos, V.M. Adverse effects during the oral glucose tolerance test in post-bariatric surgery patients. Arch. Endocrinol. Metab. 2016, 60, 307–313. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Green Version]
- Bonis, C.; Lorenzini, F.; Bertrand, M.; Parant, O.; Gourdy, P.; Vaurs, C.; Cazals, L.; Ritz, P.; Hanaire, H. Glucose Profiles in Pregnant Women After a Gastric Bypass: Findings from Continuous Glucose Monitoring. Obes. Surg. 2016, 26, 2150–2155. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Feichtinger, M.; Stopp, T.; Hofmann, S.; Springer, S.; Pils, S.; Kautzky-Willer, A.; Kiss, H.; Eppel, W.; Tura, A.; Bozkurt, L.; et al. Altered glucose profiles and risk for hypoglycaemia during oral glucose tolerance testing in pregnancies after gastric bypass surgery. Diabetologia 2017, 60, 153–157. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Green Version]
- Freitas, C.; Araujo, C.; Caldas, R.; Lopes, D.S.; Nora, M.; Monteiro, M.P. Effect of new criteria on the diagnosis of gestational diabetes in women submitted to gastric bypass. Surg. Obes. Relat. Dis. 2014, 10, 1041–1046. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Gobl, C.S.; Bozkurt, L.; Tura, A.; Leutner, M.; Andrei, L.; Fahr, L.; Husslein, P.; Eppel, W.; Kautzky-Willer, A. Assessment of glucose regulation in pregnancy after gastric bypass surgery. Diabetologia 2017, 60, 2504–2513. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Leutner, M.; Klimek, P.; Gobl, C.; Bozkurt, L.; Harreiter, J.; Husslein, P.; Eppel, W.; Baumgartner-Parzer, S.; Pacini, G.; Thurner, S.; et al. Glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) drives postprandial hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia in pregnant women with a history of Roux-en-Y gastric bypass operation. Metabolism 2019, 91, 10–17. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Maric, T.; Kanu, C.; Johnson, M.R.; Savvidou, M.D. Maternal, neonatal insulin resistance and neonatal anthropometrics in pregnancies following bariatric surgery. Metabolism 2019, 97, 25–31. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Maric, T.; Kanu, C.; Muller, D.C.; Tzoulaki, I.; Johnson, M.R.; Savvidou, M.D. Fetal growth and feto-placental circulation in pregnancies following bariatric surgery: A prospective study. BJOG 2020, 127, 847. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Rottenstreich, A.; Elazary, R.; Ezra, Y.; Kleinstern, G.; Beglaibter, N.; Elchalal, U. Hypoglycemia during oral glucose tolerance test among post–bariatric surgery pregnant patients: Incidence and perinatal significance. Surg. Obes. Relat. Dis. 2018, 14, 347–353. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Novodvorsky, P.; Walkinshaw, E.; Rahman, W.; Gordon, V.; Towse, K.; Mitchell, S.; Selvarajah, D.; Madhuvrata, P.; Munir, A. Experience with Freestyle libre flash glucose monitoring system in management of refractory dumping syndrome in pregnancy shortly after bariatric surgery. Endocrinol. Diabetes. Metab. Case Rep. 2017, 2017. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Catalano, P.M.; Presley, L.; Minium, J.; Hauguel-de Mouzon, S. Fetuses of obese mothers develop insulin resistance in utero. Diabetes Care 2009, 32, 1076–1080. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Green Version]
- Norgaard, L.N.; Gjerris, A.C.; Kirkegaard, I.; Berlac, J.F.; Tabor, A. Fetal growth in pregnancies conceived after gastric bypass surgery in relation to surgery-to-conception interval: A Danish national cohort study. PLoS ONE 2014, 9, e90317. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Kjaer, M.M.; Lauenborg, J.; Breum, B.M.; Nilas, L. The risk of adverse pregnancy outcome after bariatric surgery: A nationwide register-based matched cohort study. Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. 2013, 208, 464.e1–464.e4645. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Kjaer, M.M.; Nilas, L. Timing of pregnancy after gastric bypass-a national register-based cohort study. Obes. Surg. 2013, 23, 1281–1285. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Johansson, K.; Cnattingius, S.; Näslund, I.; Roos, N.; Lagerros, Y.T.; Granath, F.; Stephansson, O.; Neovius, M. Outcomes of pregnancy after bariatric surgery. N. Engl. J. Med. 2015, 372, 814–824. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [Green Version]
- Josefsson, A.; Blomberg, M.; Bladh, M.; Frederiksen, S.G.; Sydsjo, G. Bariatric surgery in a national cohort of women: Sociodemographics and obstetric outcomes. Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. 2011, 205, 206.e201–208. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [Green Version]
- Roos, N.; Neovius, M.; Cnattingius, S.; Trolle Lagerros, Y.; Saaf, M.; Granath, F.; Stephansson, O. Perinatal outcomes after bariatric surgery: Nationwide population based matched cohort study. BMJ 2013, 347, f6460. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [Green Version]
- Adams, T.D.; Hammoud, A.O.; Davidson, L.E.; Laferrere, B.; Fraser, A.; Stanford, J.B.; Hashibe, M.; Greenwood, J.L.; Kim, J.; Taylor, D.; et al. Maternal and neonatal outcomes for pregnancies before and after gastric bypass surgery. Int. J. Obes. 2015, 39, 686–694. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [Green Version]
- Belogolovkin, V.; Salihu, H.M.; Weldeselasse, H.; Biroscak, B.J.; August, E.M.; Mbah, A.K.; Alio, A.P. Impact of prior bariatric surgery on maternal and fetal outcomes among obese and non-obese mothers. Arch. Gynecol. Obstet. 2012, 285, 1211–1218. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Parent, B.; Martopullo, I.; Weiss, N.S.; Khandelwal, S.; Fay, E.E.; Rowhani-Rahbar, A. Bariatric surgery in women of childbearing age, timing between an operation and birth, and associated perinatal complications. JAMA Surg. 2017, 152, 128–135. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Parker, M.H.; Berghella, V.; Nijjar, J.B. Bariatric surgery and associated adverse pregnancy outcomes among obese women. J. Matern. Fetal Neonatal Med. 2016, 29, 1747–1750. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Balestrin, B.; Urbanetz, A.A.; Barbieri, M.M.; Paes, A.; Fujie, J. Pregnancy After Bariatric Surgery: A comparative study of post-bariatric pregnant women versus non-bariatric obese pregnant women. Obes. Surg. 2019, 29, 3142–3148. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Basbug, A.; Ellibes Kaya, A.; Dogan, S.; Pehlivan, M.; Goynumer, G. Does pregnancy interval after laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy affect maternal and perinatal outcomes? J. Matern. Fetal Neonatal Med. 2019, 32, 3764–3770. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Chevrot, A.; Kayem, G.; Coupaye, M.; Lesage, N.; Msika, S.; Mandelbrot, L. Impact of bariatric surgery on fetal growth restriction: Experience of a perinatal and bariatric surgery center. Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. 2016, 214, 655.e1–655.e6557. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [Green Version]
- Costa, M.M.; Belo, S.; Souteiro, P.; Neves, J.S.; Magalhaes, D.; Silva, R.B.; Oliveira, S.C.; Freitas, P.; Varela, A.; Queiros, J.; et al. Pregnancy after bariatric surgery: Maternal and fetal outcomes of 39 pregnancies and a literature review. J. Obstet. Gynaecol. Res. 2018, 44, 681–690. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Dolin, C.D.; Chervenak, J.; Pivo, S.; Ude Welcome, A.; Kominiarek, M.A. Association between time interval from bariatric surgery to pregnancy and maternal weight outcomes. J. Matern. Fetal Neonatal Med. 2019, 13, 1–7. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Ducarme, G.; Parisio, L.; Santulli, P.; Carbillon, L.; Mandelbrot, L.; Luton, D. Neonatal outcomes in pregnancies after bariatric surgery: A retrospective multi-centric cohort study in three French referral centers. J. Matern. Fetal Neonatal Med. 2013, 26, 275–278. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Feichtinger, M.; Falcone, V.; Schoenleitner, T.; Stopp, T.; Husslein, P.W.; Eppel, W.; Chalubinski, K.M.; Gobl, C.S. Intrauterine fetal growth delay during late pregnancy after maternal gastric bypass surgery. Ultraschall Med. 2018, 41, 52–59. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Gascoin, G.; Gerard, M.; Salle, A.; Becouarn, G.; Rouleau, S.; Sentilhes, L.; Coutant, R. Risk of low birth weight and micronutrient deficiencies in neonates from mothers after gastric bypass: A case control study. Surg. Obes. Relat. Dis. 2017, 13, 1384–1391. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Green Version]
- Gonzalez, I.; Rubio, M.A.; Cordido, F.; Breton, I.; Morales, M.J.; Vilarrasa, N.; Monereo, S.; Lecube, A.; Caixas, A.; Vinagre, I.; et al. Maternal and perinatal outcomes after bariatric surgery: A Spanish multicenter study. Obes. Surg. 2015, 25, 436–442. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Grandfils, S.; Demondion, D.; Kyheng, M.; Duhamel, A.; Lorio, E.; Pattou, F.; Deruelle, P. Impact of gestational weight gain on perinatal outcomes after a bariatric surgery. J. Gynecol. Obstet. Hum. Reprod. 2019, 48, 401–405. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Hammeken, L.H.; Betsagoo, R.; Jensen, A.N.; Sorensen, A.N.; Overgaard, C. Nutrient deficiency and obstetrical outcomes in pregnant women following Roux-en-Y gastric bypass: A retrospective Danish cohort study with a matched comparison group. Eur. J. Obstet. Gynecol. Reprod. Biol. 2017, 216, 56–60. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Hazart, J.; Le Guennec, D.; Accoceberry, M.; Lemery, D.; Mulliez, A.; Farigon, N.; Lahaye, C.; Miolanne-Debouit, M.; Boirie, Y. Maternal Nutritional Deficiencies and Small-for-Gestational-Age Neonates at Birth of Women Who Have Undergone Bariatric Surgery. J. Pregnancy 2017, 2017, 4168541. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Karadag, C.; Demircan, S.; Caliskan, E. Effects of laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy on obstetric outcomes within 12 months after surgery. J. Obstet. Gynaecol. Res. 2019, 46, 266–271. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Lesko, J.; Peaceman, A. Pregnancy outcomes in women after bariatric surgery compared with obese and morbidly obese controls. Obstet. Gynecol. 2012, 119, 547–554. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [Green Version]
- Rottenstreich, A.; Elchalal, U.; Kleinstern, G.; Beglaibter, N.; Khalaileh, A.; Elazary, R. Maternal and Perinatal outcomes after laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy. Obstet. Gynecol. 2018, 131, 451–456. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Rottenstreich, A.; Levin, G.; Kleinstern, G.; Rottenstreich, M.; Elchalal, U.; Elazary, R. The effect of surgery-to-conception interval on pregnancy outcomes after sleeve gastrectomy. Surg. Obes. Relat. Dis. 2018, 14, 1795–1803. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Sancak, S.; Celer, O.; Cirak, E.; Karip, A.B.; Tumicin Aydin, M.; Esen Bulut, N.; Mahir Fersahoglu, M.; Altun, H.; Memisoglu, K. Timing of gestation After Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy (LSG): Does it influence obstetrical and neonatal outcomes of pregnancies? Obes. Surg. 2019, 29, 1498–1505. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Stentebjerg, L.L.; Andersen, L.L.T.; Renault, K.; Stoving, R.K.; Jensen, D.M. Pregnancy and perinatal outcomes according to surgery to conception interval and gestational weight gain in women with previous gastric bypass. J. Matern. Fetal Neonatal Med. 2017, 30, 1182–1188. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Berlac, J.F.; Skovlund, C.W.; Lidegaard, O. Obstetrical and neonatal outcomes in women following gastric bypass: A Danish national cohort study. Acta Obstet. Gynecol. Scand. 2014, 93, 447–453. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Ibiebele, I.; Gallimore, F.; Schnitzler, M.; Torvaldsen, S.; Ford, J.B. Perinatal outcomes following bariatric surgery between a first and second pregnancy: A population data linkage study. BJOG 2020, 127, 345–354. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Green Version]
- Amsalem, D.; Aricha-Tamir, B.; Levi, I.; Shai, D.; Sheiner, E. Obstetric outcomes after restrictive bariatric surgery: What happens after 2 consecutive pregnancies? Surg. Obes. Relat. Dis. 2014, 10, 445–449. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Burke, A.E.; Bennett, W.L.; Jamshidi, R.M.; Gilson, M.M.; Clark, J.M.; Segal, J.B.; Shore, A.D.; Magnuson, T.H.; Dominici, F.; Wu, A.W.; et al. Reduced incidence of gestational diabetes with bariatric surgery. J. Am. Coll. Surg. 2010, 211, 169–175. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- de Alencar Costa, L.A.; Araujo Junior, E.; de Lucena Feitosa, F.E.; Dos Santos, A.C.; Moura Junior, L.G.; Costa Carvalho, F.H. Maternal and perinatal outcomes after bariatric surgery: A case control study. J. Perinat. Med. 2016, 44, 383–388. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Han, S.M.; Kim, W.W.; Moon, R.; Rosenthal, R.J. Pregnancy outcomes after laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy in morbidly obese Korean patients. Obes. Surg. 2013, 23, 756–759. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Malakauskiene, L.; Nadisauskiene, R.J.; Ramasauskaite, D.; Bartuseviciene, E.; Ramoniene, G.; Maleckiene, L. Is it necessary to postpone pregnancy after bariatric surgery: A national cohort study. J. Obstet. Gynaecol. 2020, 40, 614–618. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Rasteiro, C.; Araujo, C.; Cunha, S.; Caldas, R.; Mesquita, J.; Seixas, A.; Augusto, N.; Ramalho, C. Influence of time interval from bariatric surgery to conception on pregnancy and perinatal outcomes. Obes. Surg. 2018, 28, 3559–3566. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Rottenstreich, A.; Levin, G.; Rottenstreich, M.; Ezra, Y.; Elazary, R.; Elchalal, U. Twin pregnancy outcomes after metabolic and bariatric surgery. Surg. Obes. Relat. Dis. 2019, 15, 759–765. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Shai, D.; Shoham-Vardi, I.; Amsalem, D.; Silverberg, D.; Levi, I.; Sheiner, E. Pregnancy outcome of patients following bariatric surgery as compared with obese women: A population-based study. J. Matern. Fetal Neonatal Med. 2014, 27, 275–278. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Sheiner, E.; Edri, A.; Balaban, E.; Levi, I.; Aricha-Tamir, B. Pregnancy outcome of patients who conceive during or after the first year following bariatric surgery. Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. 2011, 204, 50.e1–50.e6. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Stone, R.A.; Huffman, J.; Istwan, N.; Desch, C.; Rhea, D.; Stanziano, G.; Joy, S. Pregnancy outcomes following bariatric surgery. J. Womens Health 2011, 20, 1363–1366. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Watanabe, A.; Seki, Y.; Haruta, H.; Kikkawa, E.; Kasama, K. Maternal impacts and perinatal outcomes after three types of bariatric surgery at a single institution. Arch. Gynecol. Obstet. 2019, 300, 145–152. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Yau, P.O.; Parikh, M.; Saunders, J.K.; Chui, P.; Zablocki, T.; Welcome, A.U. Pregnancy after bariatric surgery: The effect of time-to-conception on pregnancy outcomes. Surg. Obes. Relat. Dis. 2017, 13, 1899–1905. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Shawe, J.; Ceulemans, D.; Akhter, Z.; Neff, K.; Hart, K.; Heslehurst, N.; Stotl, I.; Agrawal, S.; Steegers-Theunissen, R.; Taheri, S.; et al. Pregnancy after bariatric surgery: Consensus recommendations for periconception, antenatal and postnatal care. Obes. Rev. 2019, 20, 1507–1522. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [Green Version]
- American Diabetes, A. 2. Classification and diagnosis of diabetes: Standards of medical care in diabetes-2020. Diabetes Care 2020, 43, S14–S31. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [Green Version]
- Benhalima, K.; Minschart, C.; Van Crombrugge, P.; Calewaert, P.; Verhaeghe, J.; Vandamme, S.; Theetaert, K.; Devlieger, R.; Pierssens, L.; Ryckeghem, H.; et al. The 2019 Flemish consensus on screening for overt diabetes in early pregnancy and screening for gestational diabetes mellitus. Acta Clin. Belg. 2019, 1, 1–8. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Benhalima, K.; Minschart, C.; Ceulemans, D.; Bogaerts, A.; Van Der Schueren, B.; Mathieu, C.; Devlieger, R. Screening and management of gestational diabetes mellitus after bariatric surgery. Nutrients 2018, 10, 1479. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [Green Version]
- Campbell, J.M.; McPherson, N.O. Influence of increased paternal BMI on pregnancy and child health outcomes independent of maternal effects: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Obes. Res. Clin. Pract. 2019, 13, 511–521. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Jans, G.; Matthys, C.; Bogaerts, A.; Lannoo, M.; Verhaeghe, J.; Van der Schueren, B.; Devlieger, R. Maternal micronutrient deficiencies and related adverse neonatal outcomes after bariatric surgery: A systematic review. Adv. Nutr. 2015, 6, 420–429. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Green Version]
- Mechanick, J.I.; Youdim, A.; Jones, D.B.; Garvey, W.T.; Hurley, D.L.; McMahon, M.M.; Heinberg, L.J.; Kushner, R.; Adams, T.D.; Shikora, S.; et al. Clinical practice guidelines for the perioperative nutritional, metabolic, and nonsurgical support of the bariatric surgery patient—2013 update: Cosponsored by American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists, The Obesity Society, and American Society for Metabolic & Bariatric Surgery. Obesity 2013, 21 (Suppl. 1), S1–S27. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Barbour, L.A.; Hernandez, T.L. Maternal non-glycemic contributors to fetal growth in obesity and gestational diabetes: Spotlight on lipids. Curr. Diab. Rep. 2018, 18, 37. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Miranda, J.; Simoes, R.V.; Paules, C.; Canueto, D.; Pardo-Cea, M.A.; Garcia-Martin, M.L.; Crovetto, F.; Fuertes-Martin, R.; Domenech, M.; Gomez-Roig, M.D.; et al. Metabolic profiling and targeted lipidomics reveals a disturbed lipid profile in mothers and fetuses with intrauterine growth restriction. Sci. Rep. 2018, 8, 13614. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Shroff, M.R.; Holzman, C.; Tian, Y.; Evans, R.W.; Sikorskii, A. Mid-pregnancy maternal leptin levels, birthweight for gestational age and preterm delivery. Clin. Endocrinol. 2013, 78, 607–613. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [Green Version]
- Pories, W.J.; Swanson, M.S.; MacDonald, K.G.; Long, S.B.; Morris, P.G.; Brown, B.M.; Barakat, H.A.; deRamon, R.A.; Israel, G.; Dolezal, J.M.; et al. Who would have thought it? An operation proves to be the most effective therapy for adult-onset diabetes mellitus. Ann. Surg. 1995, 222, 339–350. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Osland, E.; Yunus, R.M.; Khan, S.; Memon, B.; Memon, M.A. Diabetes improvement and resolution following laparoscopic vertical sleeve gastrectomy (LVSG) versus laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (LRYGB) procedures: A systematic review of randomized controlled trials. Surg. Endosc. 2017, 31, 1952–1963. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Magouliotis, D.E.; Tasiopoulou, V.S.; Svokos, A.A.; Svokos, K.A.; Sioka, E.; Zacharoulis, D. Roux-En-Y gastric bypass versus sleeve gastrectomy as revisional procedure after adjustable gastric band: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Obes. Surg. 2017, 27, 1365–1373. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Peterli, R.; Wolnerhanssen, B.K.; Peters, T.; Vetter, D.; Kroll, D.; Borbely, Y.; Schultes, B.; Beglinger, C.; Drewe, J.; Schiesser, M.; et al. Effect of laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy vs laparoscopic Roux-en-Y Gastric bypass on weight loss in patients with morbid obesity: The SM-BOSS randomized clinical trial. JAMA 2018, 319, 255–265. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Salminen, P.; Helmio, M.; Ovaska, J.; Juuti, A.; Leivonen, M.; Peromaa-Haavisto, P.; Hurme, S.; Soinio, M.; Nuutila, P.; Victorzon, M. Effect of laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy vs laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass on weight loss at 5 years among patients with morbid obesity: The sleevepass randomized clinical trial. JAMA 2018, 319, 241–254. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Jans, G.; Matthys, C.; Bel, S.; Ameye, L.; Lannoo, M.; Van der Schueren, B.; Dillemans, B.; Lemmens, L.; Saey, J.P.; van Nieuwenhove, Y.; et al. Aurora: Bariatric surgery registration in women of reproductive age—A multicenter prospective cohort study. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2016, 16, 195. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Green Version]
- Guo, Y.; Huang, Z.P.; Liu, C.Q.; Qi, L.; Sheng, Y.; Zou, D.J. Modulation of the gut microbiome: A systematic review of the effect of bariatric surgery. Eur. J. Endocrinol. 2018, 178, 43–56. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Kahn, S.E.; Cooper, M.E.; Del Prato, S. Pathophysiology and treatment of type 2 diabetes: Perspectives on the past, present, and future. Lancet 2014, 383, 1068–1083. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [Green Version]
- West, K.A.; Kanu, C.; Maric, T.; McDonald, J.A.K.; Nicholson, J.K.; Li, J.V.; Johnson, M.R.; Holmes, E.; Savvidou, M.D. Longitudinal metabolic and gut bacterial profiling of pregnant women with previous bariatric surgery. Gut 2020, 69, 1452–1459. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Guenard, F.; Deshaies, Y.; Cianflone, K.; Kral, J.G.; Marceau, P.; Vohl, M.C. Differential methylation in glucoregulatory genes of offspring born before vs. after maternal gastrointestinal bypass surgery. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 2013, 110, 11439–11444. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Green Version]
Study Characteristics | Cases/Controls * | Control | Outcome • | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
LGA | GDM | HDP | SGA | PB | PD | |||
Galazis et al., UK, 2014 [21] | 5.361/160.773 | obese º or BMI matched | 0.46 † | 0.47 † | 0.45 ‡ | 1.93 † | 1.31 ‡ | 1.05~ |
Akhter et al., UK and Belgium, 2019 [8] | 14.880/3.979.978 | population | 0.42 † | NR | NR | 2.13 † | 1.35 † | 1.38 ‡ |
Kwong et al., Canada, 2018 [22] | 8.364/2.780.717 | population | 0.31 ° | 0.21 ° | 0.38 ° | 2.18 ° | 1.33 ° | ND |
pre-S | 0.20 ° | 2.16 ° | ||||||
pre-P | 1.04 ° | 2.23 ° | ||||||
Yi et al., China, 2015 [23] | 4.178/16.016 | obese º | 0.40 ° | 0.31 ° | 0.42 ° | 2.16 ° | 1.33 ° | NR |
Author, Year | Design | Cases * | Type of BS | Control Group | Test † | Hypoglycemia | Symptoms | Conclusion ‡ |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Andrade, 2016 [35] | Case series | 38 | NR | Not-pregnant post-BS | OGTT | 5.26% (≤ 50 mg/dL) | 26.31% | Lower risk of hypoglycemia during pregnancy versus non-pregnant post BS control. |
Bonis, 2016 [36] | Case series | 35 | RYGB | no | CGM | NR | NR | High mean maximum IG, low mean minimum IG. |
Feichtinger, 2017 [37] | Retrospective cohort | 76 | RYGB | BMI matched ∞ | OGTT | 54.8% (≤ 60 mg/dL) | NR | Lower fasting glucose, glycemic rise at 60 min, followed by hypoglycemia. Trend to positive association between FG and BW. |
lean ∞ | ||||||||
obese ∞ | ||||||||
Freitas, 2014 [38] | Case series | 30 | RYGB | no | OGTT | 25% (≤ 50 mg/dL) | 57.9% | New diagnostic criteria for GDM increase diagnosis of GDM after RYGB with 50%, but no change in pregnancy outcome. |
Göbl, 2017 [39] | Retrospective cohort | 25 | RYGB | morbidly obese ∞ | OGTT (3 h) | 90% (≤ 50 mg/dL) | NR | Positive association between FG and maternal glucose nadir level. IS during OGTT remained improved in RYGB versus BMI matched control. |
lean ∞ | IVGTT | |||||||
Leutner, 2019 [40] | Prospective cohort | 25 | RYGB | obese ∞ | OGTT | 76% (< 54 mg/dL, ADA guidelines) | NR | High risk of nightly hypoglycemia. |
IVGTT | Postprandial hypoglycemia is GLP-1 regulated. | |||||||
lean ∞ | CGM | |||||||
Maric, 2019 [41] | Prospective cohort | 41 | LAGB, SG, | pre-P ∞ | OGTT HOMA-IR | 43.90% (< 60 mg/dL) | NR | Lower HOMA-IR, birthweight and body fat, same cord HOMA-IR. |
RYGB | Positive association between postprandial glucose level and BW | |||||||
Maric, 2020 [42] | Prospective cohort | 47 | 20 SG and | pre-P ∞ | OGTT | 48.78% (< 60 mg/dL) | NR | Maternal glucose level at OGTT is positively associated with EFW and BW |
LAGB | ||||||||
27 RYGB | ||||||||
Rottenstreich, 2018 [43] | Retrospective cohort | 119 | 55 SG | no | OGTT (3 h, 100 gr) | 49.6% (≤ 55 mg/dL) | NR | Hypoglycemia group: shorter surgery to conception interval, less GDM, more SGA. |
34 LAGB | ||||||||
30 RYGB | Hypoglycemia most prevalent after RYGB |
Author, Year | Design | Cases * | Type of BS | Control Group ∞ | SGA Definition • | SGA Prevalence |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Adams, 2015 [52] | Cohort, population | 764 | RYGB | obese | ≤ 10th percentile | OR: 2.16 |
Balestrin, 2019 [56] | Cohort, single center | 93 | Uncertain | obese | < 10th percentile | 19.4% vs. 11.6% |
Basbug, 2019 [57] | Case series, single center | 23 | SG | no | < 10th percentile | 8.69% |
Belogolovkin, 2012 [53] | Cohort, population | 293 | Uncertain | obese | < 10th percentile | 2.69 |
Chevrot, 2016 [58] | Case control, single center | 139 | RYGB, SG, LAGB | pre-P | < 10th percentile | 29% vs. 6% ~ |
pre-S | 17% vs. 9% ~ | |||||
Costa, 2018 [59] | Case series, single center | 39 | RYGB, SG, LAGB | no | < 10th percentile | 17.9% |
Dolin, 2019 [60] | Cohort, single center | 76 | RYGB, SG, LAGB | no | < 10th percentile | 0% |
Ducarme, 2013 [61] | Cohort, multicenter | 94 | RYGB, LAGB | no | < 10th percentile | RYGB: 32.3% |
LAGB: 17.5% | ||||||
Feichtinger, 2018 [62] | Case control, single center | 43 | RYGB | BMI matched | NR | 26.2% vs. 4.7% ‡ |
Gascoin, 2017 [63] | Case control, single center | 56 | RYGB | lean | < 10th percentile | 23% vs. 3.6%~ |
Gonzalez, 2015 [64] | Case series, multicenter | 168 | RYBG, SG, VBG, LAGB, BPD | no | < 3rd percentile | 19.6% |
Grandfils, 2019 [65] | Case series, multicenter | 337 | RYGB, SG, LAGB | no | < 10th percentile | 25.81% |
Hammeken, 2017 [66] | Cohort, single center | 151 | RYGB | pre-P | 22% below average | 2.67 OR |
Hazart, 2017 [67] | Case series, single center | 57 | RYGB, LAGB, SG | no | < 10th percentile | 36% |
Johansson, 2015 [49] | Cohort, population | 670 | RYGB (98%), LAGB, other | pre-S | < 10th percentile | 15.6% vs. 7.6% †, OR 2.20 |
Josefsson, 2011 [50] | Cohort, population | 126 | RYGB, VBG, LAGB | population | ≥ 2 SD below mean | 3.38% vs. 2.1% ~ |
Karadag, 2019 [68] | Cohort, single center | 90 | SG | obese | < 10th percentile | 17.7% vs. 7.4% |
Kjaer, feb 2013 [47] | Cohort, population | 339 | RYGB, LAGB | pre-P | ≥ 2 SD below mean | OR: 2.29, RYGB: 2.78 |
Kjaer, mar 2013 [48] | Case series, population | 286 | RYGB | no | ≥ 2 SD below mean | 7.69% |
Lesko, 2012 [69] | Cohort, single center | 70 | RYGB, LAGB | pre-P | NR | 17.4% vs. 5.0% ~ |
pre-S | (OR 3.94) | |||||
Norgaard, 2014 [46] | Cohort, population | 387 | RYGB | population | < 10th percentile | 18.8% |
Parent, 2017 [54] | Cohort, population | 1859 | RYGB, SG, LAGB, VBG | population | < 10th percentile | 13.0% vs. 8.9% (RR 1.93 adjusted) |
Parker, 2016 [55] | Cohort, population | 1585 | NR | obese population | < 10th percentile •• | 5.7% vs. 2.2% † |
Roos, 2013 [51] | Cohort, population | 2562 | RYGB, VBG, LAGB, other | BMI > 35 | ≥ 2SD below mean | 5.2% vs. 3%†, OR 2 |
Rottenstreich, ma 2018 [70] | Case control, multicenter | 119 | SG | pre-S | < 10th percentile | 14.3% vs. 4.2% ~ |
Rottenstreich, sep 2018 [71] | Case series, single center | 154 | SG | no | < 10th percentile | 13.64% |
Sancak, 2019 [72] | Case series, single center | 44 | SG | no | < 10th percentile | 25% |
Stentebjerg, 2017 [73] | Case series, single center | 71 | RYGB | no | ≥ 2SD below mean | 1.4% |
Author, Year | Design | Cases * | Type of BS | Control Group ∞ | GDM Test • | GDM Prevalence |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Adams, 2015 [52] | Cohort, population | 764 | RYGB | obese | NR | OR: 0.33 † |
Amsalem, 2014 [76] | Retrospective cohort | 109 | LAGB, VBG | pregnancy before BS | NR | 6.1% vs. 19% ~ |
Balestrin, 2019 [56] | Cohort, single center | 93 | Uncertain | obese | OGTT | 12.9% vs. 26.5% ~ |
Basbug, 2019 [57] | Case series, single center | 23 | SG | no | OGTT | 0% |
Belogolovkin, 2012 [53] | Cohort, population | 293 | Uncertain | obese | NR | OR: 0.44 |
Berlac, 2014 [74] | Cohort, population | 415 | RYGB | pre-P | NR | 9.2% vs. 8.1% |
lean | 9.2% vs. 1.3% † | |||||
Burke, 2010 [77] | Retrospective cohort | 354 | 87% RYGB | pregnancy before BS | NR | 8% vs. 27% |
OR 0.23° | ||||||
Chevrot, 2016 [58] | Case control, single center | 139 | RYGB, SG, LAGB | pre-P | NR | 12 vs. 10% ~ |
pre-S | 12 vs. 23 % ~ | |||||
Costa, 2018 [59] | Case series, single center | 39 | RYGB, SG, LAGB | no | NR | 7.7% |
De Alencar Costa, 2016 [78] | Retrospective case-control | 63 | RYGB | obese | NR | 0% vs. 19.2% † |
Dolin, 2019 [60] | Cohort, single center | 76 | RYGB, SG, LAGB | no | OGTT or CBGM | 2.63% |
Ducarme, 2013 [61] | Cohort, multicenter | 94 | RYGB, LAGB | no | OGTT (50 or 75 gr) | 19.4% |
Gascoin, 2017 [63] | Case control, single center | 56 | RYGB | lean | NR | 1.78% vs. 0% ~ |
Gonzalez, 2015 [64] | Case series, multicenter | 168 | RYBG, SG, VBG, LAGB, BPD | no | OGTT (50 or 100 gr) | 3% |
Grandfils, 2019 [65] | Case series, multicenter | 337 | RYGB, SG, LAGB | no | NR | 26.34% |
Han, 2013 [79] | Case series | 12 | SG | no | NR | 0% |
Hazart, 2017 [67] | Case series, single center | 57 | RYGB, LAGB, SG | no | OGTT (50 gr) | 18% |
Ibiebele, 2019 [75] | Retrospective cross sectional | 1484 | RYGB, LAGB, SG | population | NR | 10.8% vs. 8.3% † |
Johansson, 2015 [49] | Cohort, population | 670 | RYGB (98%), LAGB, other | pre-S | OGTT or CBGM | 1.9 vs. 6.8% † |
OR 0.25 | ||||||
Josefsson, 2011 [50] | Cohort, population | 126 | RYGB, VBG, LAGB | population | NR | no difference |
Karadag, 2019 [68] | Cohort, single center | 90 | SG | obese | OGTT | 6.6% vs. 29.6% |
Kjaer, feb 2013 [47] | Cohort, population | 339 | RYGB, LAGB | pre-P | NR | 8.9% vs. 7.1% ~ |
Kjaer, mar 2013 [48] | Case series, population | 286 | RYGB | no | NR | 9.44% |
Lesko, 2012 [69] | Cohort, single center | 70 | RYGB, LAGB | pre-P | OGTT (3 h) | 0% vs. 9.3%, OR 0.04 ~ |
pre-S | 0% vs. 16.4%, OR 0.07 ~ | |||||
Malakauskiene, 2019 [80] | Retrospective cohort | 130 | RYGB, LAGB | no | OGTT | 2.31% |
Parker, 2016 [55] | Cohort, population | 1585 | NR | obese | NR | 7.3% vs. 4.4% ~ |
Rasteiro, 2018 [81] | Case series | 86 | RYGB, LAGB | no | OGTT or CBGM | 19.77% |
Rottenstreich, ma 2018 [70] | Case control, multicenter | 119 | SG | pre-S | NR | 3.4% vs. 17.6% † |
Rottenstreich, sep 2018 [71] | Case series, single center | 154 | SG | no | OGTT (100 gr, 3 h) or CBGM | 2.6% |
Rottenstreich, 2019 [82] | Retrospective case control | 22 | RYGB, LAGB, SG | pre-S | OGTT (100 gr, 3 h) or CBGM | 9.1% vs. 36.4% † |
Shai, 2014 [83] | Retrospective cohort | 326 | NR | obese | NR | 10.1% vs. 14.7% ‡ |
Sheiner, 2011 [84] | Case series | 489 | RYGB, LAGB, VBG | no | NR | 7.98% |
Stone, 2011 [85] | Case series | 102 | NR | no | NR | 11.76% |
Watanabe, 2019 [86] | Case series, single center | 24 | RYGB, SG, LAGB, BPD-DS | no | HbA1c ≥ 6.5% | 8.33% |
Yau, 2017 [87] | Case series | 49 | RYGB, LAGB, SG | no | OGTT | 2.44% |
© 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
Share and Cite
Deleus, E.; Van der Schueren, B.; Devlieger, R.; Lannoo, M.; Benhalima, K. Glucose Homeostasis, Fetal Growth and Gestational Diabetes Mellitus in Pregnancy after Bariatric Surgery: A Scoping Review. J. Clin. Med. 2020, 9, 2732. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm9092732
Deleus E, Van der Schueren B, Devlieger R, Lannoo M, Benhalima K. Glucose Homeostasis, Fetal Growth and Gestational Diabetes Mellitus in Pregnancy after Bariatric Surgery: A Scoping Review. Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2020; 9(9):2732. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm9092732
Chicago/Turabian StyleDeleus, Ellen, Bart Van der Schueren, Roland Devlieger, Matthias Lannoo, and Katrien Benhalima. 2020. "Glucose Homeostasis, Fetal Growth and Gestational Diabetes Mellitus in Pregnancy after Bariatric Surgery: A Scoping Review" Journal of Clinical Medicine 9, no. 9: 2732. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm9092732