Surface Characteristics and Corrosion Behavior of Carbon Steel Treated by Abrasive Blasting
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Experimental
2.1. Milled Specimen
- (1)
- MST: Steel grit blasted specimen.
- (2)
- MAL: Alumina grit blasted specimen.
2.2. Corroded Specimen
- (1)
- CST: Steel grit blasted specimen.
- (2)
- CAL: Alumina grit blasted specimen.
2.3. Evaluation Method of Surface Roughness
2.4. Surface Characterization
2.5. Adhesion Strength Method
2.6. Electrochemical Test
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Effects of Abrasive Blasting on the Steel Surface
3.2. Mechanical Properties of Blast-Treated Surfaces
3.3. Electrochemical Properties of Blast-Treated Surface
3.4. Electrochemical Properties and Electrochemical Properties of Blast-Treated Surface
4. Conclusions
- (1)
- Abrasive blasting forms irregular roughness on the steel surface. Steel grit with sharp particles, a high specific gravity, and a high density more effectively increased the roughness of the steel surface than alumina grit. However, when specimens were blasted with alumina grit, some residual abrasive remained on the steel surface. For both types of abrasive material, the roughness increased as the blast angle increased, and the amount of residual abrasive also increased in the case of alumina grit. Based on the cross-sectional observation, the roughness of the actual steel was higher and more complex when MAL than that of MST. This finding suggested that the residual abrasive material on the steel surface had a significant effect on the measurement of surface roughness.
- (2)
- The tested adhesion strength showed that as the surface roughness of the steel increased and the abrasive residue increased, the surface area available to combine with the adhesive increased, thereby improving adhesion. Regardless of the abrasive material, a highly linear correlation was observed between the surface roughness and adhesion strength, with a correlation coefficient above 0.9. The roughness features of MAL included some abrasive material; although its roughness was lower than that of MST, its adhesion strength was approximately 1.4 times higher. Thus, the particles of broken abrasive material remaining on the surface combine with the adhesion strength to increase the molecular size of the adhesive, thereby increasing the binding strength owing to the uneven roughness.
- (3)
- As observed in electrochemical testing, the lower the roughness of the steel surface and the greater the amount of abrasive remaining on the surface, the smaller the corrosion reaction area of the steel surface, as the abrasive residue decreased the penetration of ions. Blasting the steel surface using alumina grit provided better corrosion resistance than using steel grit. For the corroded steel plates after blast treatment and paint coating, the residue positively affected the corrosion resistance of paint because it reduced the penetration of electrolytes and the diffusion of corrosion. Corrosion was suppressed by residual abrasive materials, and increased adhesion and paint adhesion. Therefore, this finding suggests that alumina grit should be used where issues of severe corrosion persist.
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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C | Si | Mn | P | S | Fe |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
0.18 | 0.19 | 1.33 | 0.014 | 0.003 | bal |
(a) Steel Grit | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Abrasive Materials | Material | Specific Gravity (g/cm3) | Bulk Density (kg/dm3) | Mohs Hardness | Composition (wt%) | |||||
Fe | C | Si | Mg | P | S | |||||
Steel grit | Metallic | 12 | 3.59 | 10 | bal | 1.20 | 0.40 | 0.35 | 0.05 | 0.05 |
(b) Aluminum Grit | ||||||||||
Abrasive Materials | Material | Specific Gravity (g/cm3) | Bulk Density (kg/dm3) | Mohs Hardness | Composition (wt%) | |||||
Al2O3 | SiO2 | Fe2O3 | MgO | CaO | ||||||
Aluminum grit | Non-Metallic | 4.0 | 1.89 | 12 | 94.0 | 1.76 | 0.89 | 0.37 | 0.47 |
Step | Time (h) | Conditions | Temperature (°C) | Humidity (%) |
---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 0.5 | NaCl solution spray (5 wt%) | 30 ± 2 | 98 |
2 | 1.5 | Wettability | ||
3 | 2 | Drying | 50 ± 2 | 20 |
4 | 2 | 30 ± 2 |
Specimen | Linear Roughness (μm) | Areal Roughness (μm) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ra | Rq | Rz | RSm | Sa | Sz | |
MST | 10.1 | 12.8 | 70.3 | 274 | 9.65 | 111 |
MAL | 8.69 | 10.2 | 55.1 | 295 | 8.13 | 93.1 |
Specimen | Blasting Angle | Ra (μm) | RSm (μm) | Actual Roughness of the Steel (Fractal Dimension, DB) | Area Ratio of the Residual Abrasive Materials (%) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
MI | - | 0.584 | - | - | - |
MST | 30 | 9.22 | 255 | 1.06 | - |
60 | 9.40 | 278 | 1.14 | - | |
90 | 9.74 | 302 | 1.17 | - | |
MAL | 30 | 8.49 | 142 | 1.14 | 5.03 |
60 | 8.69 | 151 | 1.19 | 10.6 | |
90 | 8.81 | 166 | 1.30 | 15.8 |
Specimen | Blasting Angle (°) | Ecorr (mVAg/AgCl) | icorr (μA/cm2) |
---|---|---|---|
MI | - | −603 ± 4 | 1.29 ± 0.351 |
MST | 30 | −669 ± 5 | 6.46 ± 2.40 |
60 | −651 ± 11 | 20.4 ± 2.24 | |
90 | −658 ± 7 | 23.9 ± 6.31 | |
MAL | 30 | −679 ± 8 | 9.50 ± 2.19 |
60 | −683 ± 5 | 8.03 ± 2.14 | |
90 | −701 ± 7 | 6.06 ± 0.802 |
Specimen | Blasting Angle (°) | Rs (Ω cm2) | CPEdl (Ω−1 sn cm−2) | n | Rct (Ω cm2) | Chi-Squared |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
MI | - | 9.60 | 3.17 × 10−4 | 0.790 | 1771 | 9.48 × 10−3 |
MST | 30 | 3.23 | 1.67 × 10−3 | 0.824 | 1133 | 7.00 × 10−2 |
60 | 4.45 | 1.92 × 10−3 | 0.773 | 986 | 3.89 × 10−2 | |
90 | 4.46 | 2.00 × 10−3 | 0.794 | 842 | 2.49 × 10−2 | |
MAL | 30 | 4.14 | 2.27 × 10−3 | 0.739 | 1104 | 3.65 × 10−2 |
60 | 3.96 | 1.76 × 10−3 | 0.766 | 1117 | 4.56 × 10−2 | |
90 | 4.72 | 1.53 × 10−3 | 0.792 | 1211 | 4.76 × 10−2 |
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Kim, A.; Kainuma, S.; Yang, M. Surface Characteristics and Corrosion Behavior of Carbon Steel Treated by Abrasive Blasting. Metals 2021, 11, 2065. https://doi.org/10.3390/met11122065
Kim A, Kainuma S, Yang M. Surface Characteristics and Corrosion Behavior of Carbon Steel Treated by Abrasive Blasting. Metals. 2021; 11(12):2065. https://doi.org/10.3390/met11122065
Chicago/Turabian StyleKim, Aran, Shigenobu Kainuma, and Muye Yang. 2021. "Surface Characteristics and Corrosion Behavior of Carbon Steel Treated by Abrasive Blasting" Metals 11, no. 12: 2065. https://doi.org/10.3390/met11122065