Experimental Measurement of Vacuum Evaporation of Aluminum in Ti-Al, V-Al, Ti6Al4V Alloys by Electron Beam
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
3. Results
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
- The Al in Ti-Al alloy started to evaporate at 1753 ± 10 °C, and after heating for 500 s in the temperature range of 1750~1957 °C, the evaporative loss of aluminum was 20.6 wt.%.
- The Al in V-Al alloy started to evaporate at 1913 ± 10 °C, and the evaporation loss of aluminum was 26.4 wt.% after heating for 543 s in the temperature range of 1893~2050 °C.
- The Al in TC4 alloy started to evaporate at 1889 ± 10 °C, and 79.6 wt.% aluminum was lost after heating for 113 s in the temperature range of 1879~1989 °C.
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Material | Constituents (wt.) | Shape |
---|---|---|
Ti | 99.9% | small pieces |
V | 99.9% | small pieces |
Al | 99.9% | chunk |
Ti-Al (64:36) | Ti: 64%, Al: 36% | small pieces |
V-Al (65:35) | V: 65%, Al: 35% | small pieces |
TC4 | Ti: 89%, Al: 5.8%, V: 3.9% | chunk |
Parameter | Value |
---|---|
Scan pattern | point focused |
Point size | 3~4 mm |
Beam power | 3~20 kW |
Vapor pressure | (1.5~3) × 10−2 Pa |
Cooling water temperature | 20 °C |
Material | Electron Beam Power | Heating Rate (°C/s) | Cooling Rate (°C/s) |
---|---|---|---|
Al substance | 4.2 kW | 53 | - |
Ti substance | 5.7 kW (<160 s) 9.3 kW (≥160 s) | 74 | - |
V substance | 8.1 kW (<320 s) 7.8 kW (≥320 s) | 94 | 11 |
Ti-Al alloy | 4.2 kW (<500 s) 6.9 kW (≥500 s) | 40 | 15 |
V-Al alloy | 3.6 kW (<400 s) 6.3 kW (≥400 s) | 22 | 11 |
TC4 alloy | 4.2 kW (<140 s) 7.2 kW (≥140 s) | 65 | 4 |
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Wang, D.; Liu, Z.; Liu, W. Experimental Measurement of Vacuum Evaporation of Aluminum in Ti-Al, V-Al, Ti6Al4V Alloys by Electron Beam. Metals 2021, 11, 1688. https://doi.org/10.3390/met11111688
Wang D, Liu Z, Liu W. Experimental Measurement of Vacuum Evaporation of Aluminum in Ti-Al, V-Al, Ti6Al4V Alloys by Electron Beam. Metals. 2021; 11(11):1688. https://doi.org/10.3390/met11111688
Chicago/Turabian StyleWang, Dawei, Zhiguo Liu, and Wenrui Liu. 2021. "Experimental Measurement of Vacuum Evaporation of Aluminum in Ti-Al, V-Al, Ti6Al4V Alloys by Electron Beam" Metals 11, no. 11: 1688. https://doi.org/10.3390/met11111688