Factors Contributing to Tumor Shrinkage after Peptide Receptor Radionuclide Therapy in Patients with Unresectable Neuroendocrine Tumors
Abstract
:Simple Summary
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Patients
2.2. PRRT Protocol
2.3. Somatostatin Receptor Imaging
2.4. Image Analysis Method
2.5. Outcome Measurements
2.6. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Patient Characteristics
3.2. Factors Associated with Best tumor Shrinkage Rate in Lesion-Based Analysis
3.3. Per-Patient Analysis of the Change in Tumor Size over Time Based on RECIST
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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n | |
---|---|
Patients | 20 |
Sex | |
Male | 7 |
Female | 13 |
Age, median, (range) | 59 (39–68) |
Primary site | |
Pancreas | 10 |
Rectum | 5 |
Stomach | 1 |
Small intestine | 1 |
Thymus | 1 |
Biliary tract | 1 |
Unknown | 1 |
WHO classification | |
G1 | 3 |
G2 | 17 |
G3 | 0 |
SRS score | |
Score 0, 1 | 0 |
Score 2 | 1 |
Score 3 | 1 |
Score 4 | 18 |
Previous treatment | |
Surgical operation | 16 |
Cytotoxic agents | 5 |
Targeted molecular therapies | 11 |
Somatostatin analog | 16 |
PS | |
0–1 | 20 |
2–4 | 0 |
Period from diagnosis to PRRT, month, (range) | 61.5 (5–186) |
Hereditary status | |
Non-hereditary | 19 |
MEN type 1 | 1 |
Variable | Number of Lesions, n (%) | Shrinkage Rate, % (Median [95%CI]) | p Value | |
---|---|---|---|---|
All lesion | 75 (100) | 20 [4.8~26.1] | ||
SRS score | score 2 | 3 (4) | 15.8 [−77.4~88.5] | 0.3944 |
score 3 | 10 (13.3) | 3.8 [−35.4~43.2] | 0.4782 | |
score 4 | 62 (82.7) | 17.8 [6.3~29.4] | 0.2749 | |
Primary lesion | Pancreas | 40 (53.3) | 27.8 [19.2~36.3] | 0.0295 |
Rectum | 20 (26.7) | −20.5 [−51.9~11.0] | 0.0002 | |
GI | 8 (10.7) | 27.1 [0.77~53.3] | 0.5480 | |
Others | 7 (9.3) | 34.4 [20.3~48.6] | 0.1749 | |
Ki67 labeling index | <10% | 53 (70.7) | 22.9 [14.8~31.0] | 0.1984 |
>10% | 22 (29.3) | −2.48 [−33.5~29.5] | ||
Doubling time | <100 days | 43 (57.3) | 6.1 [−11.5~23.7] | 0.1141 |
>100 days | 32 (42.7) | 28.1 [21.1~35.0] | ||
Therapeutic drug | 90Y and 177Lu-DOTATOC | 34 (45.3) | 10.6 [−9.5~30.6] | 0.7095 |
177Lu-DOTATOC | 41 (54.7) | 19.5 [8.7~30.3] | ||
Previous treatment | ||||
Cytotoxic agent | yes | 18 (24) | 34.4 [−23.6~45.2] | 0.0394 |
no | 57 (76) | 9.49 [−3.8~22.8] | ||
Target molecular therapy | yes | 48 (64) | 22.6 [14.3~31.1] | 0.2943 |
no | 27 (36) | 2.66 [−23.2~28.6] | ||
Somatostatin analog | yes | 60 (80) | 11.4 [−1.1~23.9] | 0.0523 |
no | 15 (20) | 31.7 [13.3~50.2] | ||
SSA maintenance treatment | yes | 22 (29.3) | 2.1 [−28.3~32.4] | 0.4887 |
no | 53 (70.7) | 21.0 [12.2~29.9] | ||
Tumor size before PRRT | <3.0 cm | 57 (76) | 13.8 [0.29~27.3] | 0.9062 |
>3.0 cm | 18 (24) | 20.7 [7.57~33.9] |
Factor | n | Effectiveness (%) | Univariate p | Multivariate p | OR | 95% CI | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Primary | Pancreas | 40 | 52.5 | 0.4893 | |||
Rectum | 20 | 20 | 0.0041 | 0.0184 | 0.21 | 0.05~0.76 | |
GI | 8 | 62.5 | 0.4692 | ||||
Others | 7 | 85.7 | 0.0502 | 0.1466 | 0.19 | 0.02~1.78 | |
SRS score | Score 2 | 3 | 33.3 | 1.000 | |||
Score 3 | 10 | 50 | 1.000 | ||||
Score 4 | 62 | 48.4 | 1.000 | ||||
Ki67 LI | <10% | 53 | 50.9 | 0.4583 | |||
>10% | 22 | 40.9 | |||||
Doubling time | >100 days | 32 | 44.2 | 0.4897 | |||
<100 days | 43 | 53.1 | |||||
Therapeutic drug | 90Y and 177Lu DOTATOC | 34 | 44.1 | 0.6440 | |||
177Lu DOTATOC | 41 | 51.2 | |||||
Previous treatment | |||||||
Cytotoxic agent | Yes | 57 | 45.6 | 0.5901 | |||
No | 18 | 55.7 | |||||
Targeted molecular agent | Yes | 48 | 50.0 | 0.8101 | |||
No | 27 | 44.4 | |||||
Somatostatin analog | Yes | 60 | 43.3 | 0.1497 | 0.0736 | 0.30 | 0.89~1.12 |
No | 15 | 66.7 | |||||
SSA maintenance treatment | Yes | 22 | 50 | 1.000 | |||
No | 53 | 47.1 | |||||
Tumor size before PRRT | <3.0 cm | 57 | 52.6 | 0.1836 | 0.5044 | 0.65 | 0.19~2.24 |
>3.0 cm | 18 | 33.3 |
Response Criteria | 25 Weeks | 50 Weeks | 100 Weeks |
---|---|---|---|
Response, n (%) | 8 (40) | 7 (35) | 4 (20) |
CR, n (%) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
PR, n (%) | 8 (40) | 7 (35) | 4 (20) |
SD, n (%) | 11 (55) | 7 (35) | 3 (15) |
PD, n (%) | 1 (5) | 4 (20) | 9 (45) |
Not evaluated, n (%) | 0 (0) | 2 (10) | 4 (20) |
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Hasegawa, S.; Kobayashi, N.; Wild, D.; Kaul, F.; Okubo, N.; Suzuki, A.; Kurita, Y.; Takano, S.; Nakajima, A.; Ichikawa, Y. Factors Contributing to Tumor Shrinkage after Peptide Receptor Radionuclide Therapy in Patients with Unresectable Neuroendocrine Tumors. Cancers 2022, 14, 3317. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers14143317
Hasegawa S, Kobayashi N, Wild D, Kaul F, Okubo N, Suzuki A, Kurita Y, Takano S, Nakajima A, Ichikawa Y. Factors Contributing to Tumor Shrinkage after Peptide Receptor Radionuclide Therapy in Patients with Unresectable Neuroendocrine Tumors. Cancers. 2022; 14(14):3317. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers14143317
Chicago/Turabian StyleHasegawa, Sho, Noritoshi Kobayashi, Damian Wild, Fesupplix Kaul, Naoki Okubo, Akihiro Suzuki, Yusuke Kurita, Shoko Takano, Atsushi Nakajima, and Yasushi Ichikawa. 2022. "Factors Contributing to Tumor Shrinkage after Peptide Receptor Radionuclide Therapy in Patients with Unresectable Neuroendocrine Tumors" Cancers 14, no. 14: 3317. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers14143317