Circulating MicroRNAs in Gastrointestinal Cancer
Abstract
:Simple Summary
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. MicroRNA Biogenesis
3. Circulating miRNAs
3.1. Detection of Circulating miRNAs
3.1.1. Esophageal Cancer
3.1.2. Gastric Cancer
3.1.3. Colorectal Cancer
3.1.4. Hepatocellular Cancer
3.1.5. Pancreatic Cancer
4. Future Perspectives; Circulating miRNA-Based Therapy and miRNA Diagnostics
4.1. Circulating miRNA-Based Therapy
4.2. miRNA Diagnostics
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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miRNA | Sample | Regulation | Significance | Sensitivity and Specificity in Diagnosis | Correlation between miRNA Expression and Clinicopathological Parameter | References |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
miR-21 | serum exosome | ↑ | Diagnosis and Prognosis | - | differentiation, lymph node metastasis, distant metastasis, pathological stage | [49] |
miR-106a, miR-18a, miR-20b, miR-486-5p, miR-584 | plasma | ↑ | Diagnosis | 85.7%, 95.8% | - | [50] |
miR-223-3p | plasma | ↓ | Diagnosis | 85.7%, 95.8% | - | [50] |
miR-339-5p | serum | ↓ | Treatment response and Prognosis | - | pathological stage | [52] |
miR-34a-5p | plasma | ↑ | Diagnosis | 85.45%, 84.71% | - | [53] |
miR-148a-3p, miR-181a-5p | plasma | ↓ | Diagnosis | 85.45%, 84.71% | - | [53] |
miR-1246 | serum | ↑ | Diagnosis and Prognosis | 71.3%, 70.6% | depth of invasion, lymph node metastasis | [51] |
miR-106b | serum | ↓ | Diagnosis and Prognosis | 74.3%, 73.5% | depth of invasion, lymph node metastasis | [51] |
miR-30a-5p, miR-574-3p, miR-205-5p | serum | ↑ | Diagnosis | 88.9%, 72.3% | - | [54] |
miRNA | Sample | Regulation | Significance | Sensitivity and Specificity in Diagnosis | Correlation between miRNA Expression and Clinicopathological Parameter | References |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
miR-221, miR-744, miR-376c | serum | ↑ | Diagnosis | 82.4%, 58.8% | differentiation | [56] |
miR-196a | Plasma | ↑ | Diagnosis and Prognosis | 69.5%, 97.6% | distant metastasis, pathological stage | [57] |
miR-203 | serum | ↓ | Prognosis | - | depth of invasion, lymph node metastasis, distant metastasis | [58] |
miR-143-3p, miR-146a, miR-451a, miR-501-3p | serum | ↓ | Prognosis | - | lymph node metastasis | [59] |
miR-101 | plasma | ↓ | Prognosis | - | depth of invasion, pathological stage, peritoneal metastasis | [60] |
miR-19b-3p, miR-106a-5p | serum exosome | ↑ | Diagnosis and Prognosis | 95%, 90% | clinical stage, lymph node metastasis | [61] |
miR-10b-5p, miR-195-5p, miR-20a-3p, miR-296-5p | serum exosome | ↑ | Diagnosis | - | - | [62] |
miR-106a, miR-106b, miR-21, miR-93 | plasma | ↑ | Diagnosis | 84.8%, 79.2% | - | [63] |
miR-22-3p | plasma | ↓ | Diagnosis | 91.70%, 65.40% | - | [65] |
miR-217 | serum exosome | ↑ | Diagnosis | 81.3%, 83.2% | pathological stage | [64] |
miR-423-5p | serum exosome | ↑ | Diagnosis and Prognosis | 81.0%, 57.5% | lymph node metastasis | [66] |
miR-451 | serum exosome | ↑ | Prognosis | - | - | [67] |
miR-23b | serum exosome | ↓ | Prognosis | - | tumor size, depth of invasion, liver metastasis, pathological stage | [68] |
miR-21 | plasma | ↑ | Diagnosis | 86.7%, 72.2% | - | [69] |
miR-588 | plasma | ↓ | Diagnosis and Prognosis | - | - | [70] |
miRNA | Sample | Regulation | Significance | Sensitivity and Specificity in Diagnosis | Correlation between miRNA Expression and Clinicopathological Parameter | References |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
miR-141 | plasma | ↑ | Prognosis | 77.1%, 89.7% | pathological stage | [74] |
miR-199a-3p | serum | ↑ | Diagnosis | 47.6%, 75.0% | depth of invasion | [79] |
miR-19a | serum exosome | ↑ | Prognosis | - | depth of invasion, lymph node metastasis, liver metastasis, pathological stage | [86] |
miR-103 and miR-720 | serum | ↑ | Diagnosis | 55.9%, 75% | differentiation, lymph node metastasis | [80] |
miR-4772-3p | serum exosome | ↓ | Prognosis | 78.6%, 77.1% | - | [87] |
miR-21 | plasma exosome | ↑ | Prognosis | - | liver metastasis, pathological stage | [76] |
miR-638 | serum exosome | ↓ | Prognosis | - | liver metastasis, pathological stage | [83] |
miR-203 | serum exosome | ↑ | Prognosis | - | distant metastasis | [84] |
miR-6803-5p | serum exosome | ↑ | Prognosis | - | lymph node metastasis, liver metastasis, pathological stage | [88] |
miR-17-5p and miR-92-3 | serum exosome | ↑ | Prognosis | - | pathological stage | [85] |
miR-21 | plasma | ↑ | Diagnosis | 90%, 81% | - | [77] |
miR-27a and miR-130a | plasma exosome | ↑ | Diagnosis and Prognosis | 85.2%, 90.9% | - | [89] |
miR-338-5p | serum | ↑ | Diagnosis | 85%, 88.8% | - | [78] |
miR-200c and miR-141 | serum exosome | ↑ | Prognosis | - | - | [90] |
miR-548c-5p | serum exosome | ↓ | Prognosis | - | venous invasion, distant metastasis, pathological stage | [91] |
miR-17-5p, miR-18a-5p, miR-181a-5p and miR-18b-5p | plasma exosome | ↑ | Diagnosis | 76.9%, 86.7% | - | [92] |
miR-1290 and miR-320d | plasma | ↓ | Diagnosis | 90.9%, 93.3% | - | [81] |
miR-144-3p, miR-425-5p and miR-1260b | plasma | ↓ | Diagnosis | 93.8%, 91.3% | - | [93] |
miR-497 | serum | ↓ | Diagnosis and Prognosis | 80.9%, 81.4% | differentiation, lymph node metastasis, pathological stage | [94] |
miR-139-3p and miR-145-3p | plasma exosome | ↓ | Diagnosis | - | - | [82] |
miR-150-3p and let-7b-3p | plasma exosome | ↑ | Diagnosis | - | - | [82] |
miRNA | Sample | Regulation | Significance | Sensitivity and Specificity in Diagnosis | Correlation between miRNA Expression and Clinicopathological Parameter | References |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
miR-21 | serum exosome | ↑ | Diagnosis and Prognosis | - | cirrhosis, pathological stage | [98] |
miR-718 | serum exosome | ↓ | Prognosis | - | differentiation, tumor size, tumor number | [99] |
miR-141, miR-200a | serum | ↓ | Diagnosis | 79%, 72% | - | [101] |
miR-122 | plasma | ↑ | Prognosis | - | - | [102] |
miR-222, miR-18a, miR-224, miR-221 | serum exosome | ↑ | Diagnosis | - | - | [103] |
miR-106b, miR-101, miR-122, miR-195 | serum exosome | ↓ | Diagnosis | - | - | [103] |
miR-519d, miR-595, miR-939 | serum | ↑ | Diagnosis | - | - | [104] |
miR-224 | plasma | ↑ | Diagnosis | 93.1%, 80.0% | - | [105] |
miR-26a, miR-29a | plasma | ↓ | Prognosis | - | tumor size | [106] |
miR-665 | serum exosome | ↑ | Prognosis | - | tumor size, local invasion, pathological stage | [107] |
miR-34a, miR-34b, miR-34c | serum exosome | ↓ | Diagnosis | - | - | [110] |
miR-125b | serum exosome | ↓ | Prognosis | - | tumor number, encapsulation, pathological stage | [100] |
miR-122, miR-148a, miR-1246 | serum exosome | ↑ | Diagnosis | 87.0%, 90.0% | - | [111] |
miR-210-3p | serum | ↑ | Diagnosis | - | - | [112] |
miR-93 | serum exosome | ↑ | Diagnosis and Prognosis | - | tumor size, pathological stage | [108] |
miR-1247-3p | serum exosome | ↑ | Prognosis | - | lung metastasis | [109] |
miR-638 | serum exosome | ↓ | Prognosis | - | tumor size, vascular invasion, pathological stage | [113] |
miR-122-5p, miR-486-5p, miR-142-3p | serum | ↑ | Diagnosis | 80%, 95% | - | [114] |
miR-122a | serum | ↓ | Diagnosis | - | - | [115] |
miR-548-a-3p | serum | ↓ | Diagnosis and Prognosis | 92%, 69.2% | - | [116] |
miR-1246 | serum | ↑ | Prognosis | - | differentiation, lymph node metastasis, portal vein invasion | [117] |
miRNA | Sample | Regulation | Significance | Sensitivity and Specificity in Diagnosis | Correlation between miRNA Expression and Clinicopathological Parameter | References |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
miR-182 | plasma | ↑ | Diagnosis and Prognosis | 64.1%, 82.6% | lymph node metastasis, pathological stage | [118] |
miR-10b | serum exosome | ↑ | Diagnosis | - | - | [119] |
miR-1246, miR-4644, miR-3976, miR-4306 | serum exosome | ↑ | Diagnosis | 100%, 80% | - | [120] |
miR-196, miR-200 | serum | ↑ | Diagnosis | 94%, 82% | - | [121] |
miR-10b, miR-21, miR-30c, miR-181a | plasma | ↑ | Diagnosis | 100%, 100% | - | [122] |
miR-196, miR-1246 | serum exosome | ↑ | Diagnosis | - | - | [123] |
miR-155 | serum exosome | ↑ | Treatment response | - | - | [124] |
miR-21-5p | plasma | ↑ | Diagnosis and Prognosis | 85%, 100% | - | [125] |
miR-100 | serum | ↓ | Diagnosis and Prognosis | - | - | [126] |
miR-221-3p | plasma | ↑ | Diagnosis and Prognosis | 76.3%, 63.6% | distant metastasis, pathological stage | [127] |
miR-222 | serum exosome | ↑ | Prognosis | - | tumor size, pathological stage | [128] |
miR-451a | serum exosome | ↑ | Prognosis | - | tumor size, pathological stage | [129] |
miR-19a-3p, miR-19b-3p, miR-25-3p, miR-192-5p, miR-223-3p | serum | ↑ | Diagnosis and Prognosis | 95.3%, 76.7% | - | [130] |
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Ohtsuka, M.; Iwamoto, K.; Naito, A.; Imasato, M.; Hyuga, S.; Nakahara, Y.; Mikamori, M.; Furukawa, K.; Moon, J.; Asaoka, T.; et al. Circulating MicroRNAs in Gastrointestinal Cancer. Cancers 2021, 13, 3348. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers13133348
Ohtsuka M, Iwamoto K, Naito A, Imasato M, Hyuga S, Nakahara Y, Mikamori M, Furukawa K, Moon J, Asaoka T, et al. Circulating MicroRNAs in Gastrointestinal Cancer. Cancers. 2021; 13(13):3348. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers13133348
Chicago/Turabian StyleOhtsuka, Masahisa, Kazuya Iwamoto, Atsushi Naito, Mitsunobu Imasato, Satoshi Hyuga, Yujiro Nakahara, Manabu Mikamori, Kenta Furukawa, Jeongho Moon, Tadafumi Asaoka, and et al. 2021. "Circulating MicroRNAs in Gastrointestinal Cancer" Cancers 13, no. 13: 3348. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers13133348