Consumers Purchase Intentions of Green Electric Vehicles: The Influence of Consumers Technological and Environmental Considerations
Round 1
Reviewer 1 Report
This is a very interesting manuscript on environmental application of TPB and its is a tremendous amount of work especially for one writer. However please see the following comments
1) there is a need for English proofreading because there are several mistakes see some examples
replace
the benefits mentioned above offered by EV have not fully turned 44
up due
with
the benefits mentioned above offered by EV have not fully materialized due
you state
Thus, understanding the factors influencing individuals’ intention to adopt a sus- 48
tainable EV is one of the key elements in ensuring its optimal integration and ultimately 49
measures benefits for both policymakers and the automobile industry regarding green 50
consumption
too long sentence please break into smaller
etc...
2) please use passive voice whenever possible (replace we did so... with it was done...)
3) there is a number of textbook information details in the manuscript which make it very long-this is also a significant problem for the manuscript under examination eg
lines 37-34, lines 35-43, 145-149 can all be shortened without compromising the meaning
4) even though this is not the main focus of the study please comment that biofuels and electric cars are a sustainable solution as long as land use, land use changes and forestry are also taken into consideration (LULUCF Regulation in EU for example) and forestry is not compromised for biofuel production
5) as stated before the manuscript should be shortened, for example TPB is analyzed both in the introduction and also and the very long "theoretical model" part of the manuscript. Please rearrange so that the well known parts of TPB (eg original TPB) are kept to the minimum, there is no duplication of TPB analysis in the manuscript and the additional factors explanations are also kept to the minimum
5) lines 52-55 where you describe the aim of your research are VERY specific and they deal with the significance of certain pathways or not in the TPB you propose. also I am not sure that more pathways and other results have not been explored in your results section. as such please rephrase your aims and scope so that you give a more general idea of your research and why this is important for an international audience
6) the part 2.1. The Electric Vehicle in Taiwan I am not sure that it is necessary for the manuscript. Please omit or shorten considerably
7) my main concern is that you have incorporated in the model a lot of different factors and as such you have tested only for certain pathways eg why peer pressure affects only subjective norm and not PBC? for example it may also affect the control we believe we have on a certain action. also why goverment's policy should affect PBC only? a stricter, short explanation on how and why these pathways were chosen is needed
8) because of all these factors I also find it difficult to understand what the most important outcomes (in forms of actual incentives) of the study is and what would you clearly propose as an actual plan that will strengthen the use of EV. Please highlight better in discussion and in conclusions
9) regarding the multitude of the factors and the possible collinearity please explain better what we see in Table 3 as described in lines 424-430
10) as I see from Fig 2 that most paths were significant I would like to see a relevant ranking of paths in the discussion
11) In Fig 2 why so many R2 are given and why R2=0.635 was chosen? please clarify
12) please quote the following environmental TPB papers in relevant parts
Papaoikonomou et al 2020 A Survey on Factors Influencing Recycling Behavior
for Waste of Electrical and Electronic Equipment
in the Municipality of Volos, Greece
Botetzagias et al 2015 Extending the theory of planned behavior in the context of
recycling: the role of moral norms and of demographic predictors
Poortinga et al 2004 Values, environmental concern, and environmental behavior: a study into
household energy use
Author Response
1) there is a need for English proofreading because there are several mistakes see some examples
replace
the benefits mentioned above offered by EV have not fully turned 44
up due
with
the benefits mentioned above offered by EV have not fully materialized due
you state
Ans. Thank you for your suggestion. We rewrite the sentence, which will be found in Line 44-47.
However, biofuels and electric cars are sustainable… for biofuel production. (Line 44-47)
Thus, understanding the factors influencing individuals’ intention to adopt a sus- 48
tainable EV is one of the key elements in ensuring its optimal integration and ultimately 49
measures benefits for both policymakers and the automobile industry regarding green 50
consumption
too long sentence please break into smaller
etc...
Ans. Thank you for your suggestion. We rewrite the sentence, which will be found in Line 48-55.
Nevertheless, the benefits mentioned above…due to the lack of user adoption [2,4]. (Line 48-49)
Currently, EV shares a niche market…share of the transportation sector. (Line 49)
The literature stated that individuals might not be…conventional driving behavior [2,4,5]. (Line 49-52)
Thus, understanding the factors influencing…elements in ensuring optimal integration. (Line 52-53)
In addition, it ultimately measures benefits…industry regarding green consumption. (Line 53-55)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2) please use passive voice whenever possible (replace we did so... with it was done...)
Ans. Thank you for your suggestion. We rewrite the sentence, which will be found throughout the manuscript.
Alternative fuel vehicles (AFVs) are usually…(ethanol, biogas), and electricity [2]. (Line 37-39)
In the present study context, EV is considered…recharged from an electric outlet. (Line 41-43)
But very few studies have been done…the primitive factors in the Taiwan context. (Line 80-81)
Thus, it would be interesting to examine the…different characteristics and values. (Line 133-135)
It would be fascinating to understand how consumers…perception of this innovation. (Line 141-143)
The environmental concern has been…government’s appeal to protect the environment. (Line 190-191)
It is usually noticed that consumers tend…the same line with their peer groups [28-30]. (Line 237-238)
Reliability analysis was verified to quantify…alpha and composite reliability (CR). (Line 473-474)
Composite reliability was… calculated using the formula: (Line 480)
To test the credibility of the results, data…proposed by Anderson and Gerbing [57]. (Line 565-566)
Discriminant validity was conducted to.. denotes apposite Discriminant validity. (Line 575-577)
Finally, structural equation modeling (SEM)…significance level and compare them. (Line 577-579)
It is believed that these steps improve… consumers’ attitude and behavioral control. (Line 642)
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
3) there is a number of textbook information details in the manuscript which make it very long-this is also a significant problem for the manuscript under examination eg
lines 37-34, lines 35-43, 145-149 can all be shortened without compromising the meaning
Ans. Thank you for your suggestion. We rewrite the sentence, which will be found in Line 37-41, 190-194.
Alternative fuel vehicles (AFVs) are usually…(ethanol, biogas), and electricity [2]. (Line 37-39)
In-line, EVs incorporate diverse technologically…battery electric vehicles (BEVs). (Line 39-41)
In the present study context, EV is considered…be recharged from an electric outlet. (Line 41-43)
It can also diminish CO2 emissions…is generated from green energy sources [2,3]. (Line 44-47)
However, biofuels and electric cars are sustainable…for biofuel production. (Line 39-41)
The environmental concern has been…government’s appeal to protect the environment. (Line 190-191)
According to the Global Burden of Diseases…deaths worldwide in 2015 [27]. (Line 191-193)
It seems that governments of different…are trying to solve pollution in different ways. (Line 193-194)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
4) even though this is not the main focus of the study please comment that biofuels and electric cars are a sustainable solution as long as land use, land use changes and forestry are also taken into consideration (LULUCF Regulation in EU for example) and forestry is not compromised for biofuel production
Ans. Thank you for your suggestion. We include the sentence, which will be found in Line 44-47.
However, biofuels and electric cars are sustainable…compromised for biofuel production. (Line 44-47)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
5) as stated before the manuscript should be shortened, for example TPB is analyzed both in the introduction and also and the very long "theoretical model" part of the manuscript. Please rearrange so that the well known parts of TPB (eg original TPB) are kept to the minimum, there is no duplication of TPB analysis in the manuscript and the additional factors explanations are also kept to the minimum
Ans. Thank you for your suggestion. We minimize the TPB part mentioned in “theoretical model”, which will be found in Line 147-170.
TPB is the improvement of the Theory…and non-volitional processes [11,12]. (Line 147-154)
According to Ajzen and Fishbein [13], attitude (ATT)…way to a specific activity. (Line 155-157)
Subjective norm (SN) indicates individuals’ perception…the particular action [10]. (Line 157-159)
Perceived behavioral control (PBC) refers to…to employing a specific activity [13]. (Line 159-160)
Because of its strong pre-emptive capability,… pro-environmental behavior [17-19]. (Line 161-167)
Thus, the current study aims to determine…recommend improving consumer behavior. (Line 167-168)
There-fore, this study adopts TPB to explore…EV in the context of Taiwan. (Line 168-170)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
5) lines 52-55 where you describe the aim of your research are VERY specific and they deal with the significance of certain pathways or not in the TPB you propose. also I am not sure that more pathways and other results have not been explored in your results section. as such please rephrase your aims and scope so that you give a more general idea of your research and why this is important for an international audience
Ans. Thank you for your suggestion. We rewrite the sentence, which will be found in Line 56-71.
Since the consumers’ behavior is a critical factor…theory for the current study purpose. (Line 56-58)
But, literature indicated the predictive power… using antecedent variables [2,3,4]. (Line 58-60)
Thus, the primary objective of the current…control to adopt a sustainable EV; (Line 60-62)
(2) To explore the influence of attitude,…intention to adopt a sustainable EV; (Line 62-64)
(3) To explore the direct effect of environmental…intending to adopt a sustainable EV; (Line 64-66)
(4) To explore how the findings of the current…compare with a global perspective. (Line 66-67)
We are confident the current study's findings…consumption of pro-environmental EV. (Line 67-69)
Both the automobile industry and policymakers…to adopt pro-environmental EV. (Line 69-71)
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
6) the part 2.1. The Electric Vehicle in Taiwan I am not sure that it is necessary for the manuscript. Please omit or shorten considerably
Ans. Thank you for your suggestion. We minimize the part 2.1 “The Electric vehicle in Taiwan”, which will be found in Line 87-108.
To clean up the environment and improve…which emits no tailpipe emissions [6]. (Line 88-90)
In 2014, the Taiwan government launched…electric cars, scooters, and buses [7]. (Line 90-92)
This action plan proposes a number of subsidization…the next five years until 2021 [6]. (Line 93-96)
The Taiwan government planned to phase…gasoline scooters within the next five years. (Line 97-98)
The government offers substantial subsidies… to reduce carbon emissions in Taiwan. (Line 98-108)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
7) my main concern is that you have incorporated in the model a lot of different factors and as such you have tested only for certain pathways eg why peer pressure affects only subjective norm and not PBC? for example it may also affect the control we believe we have on a certain action. also why goverment's policy should affect PBC only? a stricter, short explanation on how and why these pathways were chosen is needed
Ans. Thank you for your suggestion. We explain why we establish a particular relationship, which will be found in Line 235-239, 254-257, 264-267, 272-276, 297-300, 364-375.
Literature explored peer influence has given…impact users’ adoption intention. (Line 235-237)
It is usually noticed that consumers tend to…peer influence on purchasing decision. (Line 237-239)
Mass media channels are more effective in.. to adopt or reject a new concept [37]. (Line 254-257)
Additionally, Egbue and Long [21] also… in factors such as battery replacement costs. (Line 264-267)
Zeng et al. [39] also indicated the higher…is always a key factor for consumers. (Line 272-274)
At the same time, they plan to adopt a new…issue in terms of EV adoption [35-37]. (Line 274-276)
Asensio et al. [45] found that charging facility…and perceived behavioral control. (Line 297-298)
Adhikari et al. [42] ex-plored that charging facilities…influences consumers’ attitude. (Line 298-300)
Government incentives are the antecedent…role in promoting the automobile market. (Line 364-366)
In the context of ‘the same rights of purchase…in additional incremental costs [52]. (Line 366-369)
Profit-driven makers often transfer other…in the absence of financial compensation. (Line 369-371)
Therefore, government incentives such as…EV through effective subsidies [52,54]. (Line 371-375)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
8) because of all these factors I also find it difficult to understand what the most important outcomes (in forms of actual incentives) of the study is and what would you clearly propose as an actual plan that will strengthen the use of EV. Please highlight better in discussion and in conclusions
Ans. Thank you for your suggestion. We explain the most important outcomes in the section of discussion, which will be found in Line 593-598, 602-605, 615-618, 628-631, 640-642, 652-653, 659-661, 686-690, 714-715.
The subjective norm is the most dominant factor…control from the effect sizes. (Line 593-595)
Perceived behavioral control accounted for…consumers’ intention to adopt EV. (Line 595-598)
The internet and mass media help policymakers…important sources of information. (Line 602-604)
Thus, policymakers must bring the right…to reach the tech-savvy generation. (Line 604-605)
Thus, policymakers and vendors should take…consumers’ behavioral intention. (Line 615-618)
The current finding imitates that a satisfactorily…of environmental-friendly vehicles. (Line 628-630)
But regular sales promotion pricing influences…an environmentally friendly vehicle. (Line 630-631)
Additionally, EV manufacturers came out…such as household charging facilities. (Line 640-642)
It is believed that these steps improve… consumers’ attitude and behavioral control. (Line 642)
Thus, we can consider that EV still shares…in the innovative stage of adopting EV. (Line 652-653)
The current study concludes that vehicle…coincide with the previous studies [18,44]. (Line 659-661)
Through the government’s incentive policies…their willing-ness to adopt EV. (Line 686-688)
Thus, the government should develop…development in the automobile market. (Line 688-690)
Even if consumers have a comprehensive…leftovers to conduct green consumption. (Line 714-715)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
9) regarding the multitude of the factors and the possible collinearity please explain better what we see in Table 3 as described in lines 424-430
Ans. Thank you for your suggestion. We rewrite the sentences to explain the main idea more clearly, which will be found in Line 503-508.
Discriminant validity provides evidence…are highly correlated among them or not. (Line 503-504)
Fornell and Larcker [60] suggested the square root…to validate discriminant validity. (Line 504-506)
It is shown (Table 3) the square root of AVE for…of discriminant validity. (Line 506-508)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
10) as I see from Fig 2 that most paths were significant I would like to see a relevant ranking of paths in the discussion
Ans. Thank you for your suggestion. We rewrite the sentences to explain the relevant ranking of paths in the discussion, which will be found in Line 593-598.
The subjective norm is the most dominant…behavioral control from the effect sizes. (Line 593-595)
Perceived behavioral control accounted for…consumers’ intention to adopt EV. (Line 595-598)
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
11) In Fig 2 why so many R2 are given and why R2=0.635 was chosen? please clarify
Ans. Thank you for your suggestion. We explain why R2=0.635 was chosen more clearly, which will be found in Line 518-523, 525-532.
Figure 2 displays each path's standardized path… and variance explained (R2). (Line 518-519)
R-squared is determined as indicates…between the model and the dependent variable. (Line 519-523)
The variance (R-square scores) from the PLS output…to adopt a sustainable EV 0.635. (Line 525-527)
To provide validation of the inclusion…he original TPB (Theory of planned behavior). (Line 527-528)
Figure 3 displays each path's standardized… and variance explained (R2). (Line 528-529)
The variance (R-square scores) from the PLS output…adopt a sustainable EV 0.536. (Line 529-530)
Thus, we can conclude the proposed model…explores the aim of the present study. (Line 530-531)
Additionally, the inclusion of antecedent…study's purpose better than the original TPB. (Line 531-532)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
12) please quote the following environmental TPB papers in relevant parts
Papaoikonomou et al 2020 A Survey on Factors Influencing Recycling Behavior
for Waste of Electrical and Electronic Equipment in the Municipality of Volos, Greece
Botetzagias et al 2015 Extending the theory of planned behavior in the context of
recycling: the role of moral norms and of demographic predictors
Poortinga et al 2004 Values, environmental concern, and environmental behavior: a study into household energy use
Ans. Thank you for your suggestion. We include these references in the text, which will be found in Line 162-164, 176-182, 152-153, 157-160, 161-170.
Because of its strong pre-emptive capability…pro-environmental behavior) [14,15,16]. (Line 162-164)
Various studies on consumer consumption of…of the transportation sector [14,21,22]. (Line 176-179)
The role of these environmental-related variables…choice of adopting EV [14, 21,23]. (Line 179-182)
Specifically, in TPB, individuals’ intention…and non-volitional processes [11,12]. (Line 152-153)
Subjective norm (SN) indicates individuals’ perception of social pressure involved with significant referents’ authorizations and shared beliefs concerning the particular action [10,12]. (Line 157-159)
Perceived behavioral control (PBC) refers to individuals’ perception of easiness or difficulty attached to employing a specific activity [12,13]. (Line 159-160)
Because of its strong pre-emptive capability…pro-environmental behavior) [14-17]. (Line 161-165)
Additionally, TPB can expand the standard construct…behavior [17-19]. (Line 165-167)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
We modify the English of the paper, which will be found throughout the paper.
Alternative fuel vehicles (AFVs) are usually…(ethanol, biogas), and electricity [2]. (Line 37-39)
In-line, EVs incorporate diverse technologically…battery electric vehicles (BEVs). (Line 39-41)
In the present study context, EV is considered…be recharged from an electric outlet. (Line 41-43)
However, biofuels and electric cars are sustainable…for biofuel production. (Line 44-47).
Nevertheless, the benefits mentioned above…due to the lack of user adoption [2,4]. (Line 48-49)
Currently, EV shares a niche market…share of the transportation sector. (Line 49)
The literature stated that individuals might not be…conventional driving behavior [2,4,5]. (Line 49-52)
Thus, understanding the factors influencing…elements in ensuring optimal integration. (Line 52-53)
In addition, it ultimately measures benefits…industry regarding green consumption. (Line 53-55)
Since the consumers’ behavior is a critical factor…theory for the current study purpose. (Line 56-58)
But, literature indicated the predictive power… using antecedent variables [2,3,4]. (Line 58-60)
Thus, the primary objective of the current…control to adopt a sustainable EV; (Line 60-62)
(2) To explore the influence of attitude,…intention to adopt a sustainable EV; (Line 62-64)
(3) To explore the direct effect of environmental…intending to adopt a sustainable EV; (Line 64-66)
(4) To explore how the findings of the current…compare with a global perspective. (Line 66-67)
We are confident the current study's findings…consumption of pro-environmental EV. (Line 67-69)
Both the automobile industry and policymakers…to adopt pro-environmental EV. (Line 69-71)
But very few studies have been done…the primitive factors in the Taiwan context. (Line 80-81)
To clean up the environment and improve…which emits no tailpipe emissions [6]. (Line 88-90)
In 2014, the Taiwan government launched…electric cars, scooters, and buses [7]. (Line 90-92)
This action plan proposes a number of subsidization…the next five years until 2021 [6]. (Line 93-96)
The Taiwan government planned to phase…gasoline scooters within the next five years. (Line 97-98)
The government offers substantial subsidies… to reduce carbon emissions in Taiwan. (Line 98-108)
Thus, it would be interesting to examine the…different characteristics and values. (Line 133-135)
It would be fascinating to understand how consumers…perception of this innovation. (Line 141-143)
TPB is the improvement of the Theory…and non-volitional processes [11,12]. (Line 147-154)
According to Ajzen and Fishbein [13], attitude (ATT)…way to a specific activity. (Line 155-157)
Subjective norm (SN) indicates individuals’ perception…the particular action [10]. (Line 157-159)
Perceived behavioral control (PBC) refers to…to employing a specific activity [13]. (Line 159-160)
Because of its strong pre-emptive capability,… pro-environmental behavior [17-19]. (Line 161-167)
Thus, the current study aims to determine…recommend improving consumer behavior. (Line 167-168)
There-fore, this study adopts TPB to explore…EV in the context of Taiwan. (Line 168-170)
The environmental concern has been…government’s appeal to protect the environment. (Line 190-191)
The environmental concern has been…government’s appeal to protect the environment. (Line 190-191)
According to the Global Burden of Diseases…deaths worldwide in 2015 [27]. (Line 191-193)
It seems that governments of different…are trying to solve pollution in different ways. (Line 193-194)
Shi et al. [29] explored that the more a consumer…intention will be developed. (Line 214-215)
H2. Attitude is positively associated… with adopting a sustainable EV. (Line 219)
Peer pressure is the ability of a friend or… subordinate to convince an individual to act. (Line 225-226)
It is usually noticed that consumers tend…the same line with their peer groups [28-30]. (Line 237-238)
An initial list of measurement items was…incentives, and charging facilities. (Line 410-412)
The instrument castoffs for the current study…initial section called the cover page. (Line 412-413)
Respondents’ demographic information age…were included in the second section. (Line 413-415)
The final segment contained indicators… and environmental concern (38 items). (Line 415-416)
The current study employed… Smart-PLS 2.0 for statistical determinations. (Line 463-464)
Reliability analysis was verified to quantify the…was calculated using the formula: (Line 473-476)
where, N = the number of items; cĚ„ = average… item-pairs; vĚ„ = aver-age variance. (Line 477-478)
Reliability analysis was verified to quantify…alpha and composite reliability (CR). (Line 473-474)
Composite reliability was… calculated using the formula: (Line 480)
Where, λi = completely standardized loading for…indicator; p = number of indicators. (Line 483-484)
Discriminant validity provides evidence…are highly correlated among them or not. (Line 503-504)
Fornell and Larcker [60] suggested the square root…to validate discriminant validity. (Line 504-506)
It is shown (Table 3) the square root of AVE for…of discriminant validity. (Line 506-508)
Figure 2 displays each path's standardized path… and variance explained (R2). (Line 518-519)
R-squared is determined as indicates…between the model and the dependent variable. (Line 519-523)
The variance (R-square scores) from the PLS output…to adopt a sustainable EV 0.635. (Line 525-527)
To provide validation of the inclusion…he original TPB (Theory of planned behavior). (Line 527-528)
Figure 3 displays each path's standardized… and variance explained (R2). (Line 528-529)
The variance (R-square scores) from the PLS output…adopt a sustainable EV 0.536. (Line 529-530)
Thus, we can conclude the proposed model…explores the aim of the present study. (Line 530-531)
Additionally, the inclusion of antecedent…study's purpose better than the original TPB. (Line 531-532)
To test the credibility of the results, data…proposed by Anderson and Gerbing [57]. (Line 565-566)
Discriminant validity was conducted to.. denotes apposite Discriminant validity. (Line 575-577)
Finally, structural equation modeling (SEM)…significance level and compare them. (Line 577-579)
The subjective norm is the most dominant factor…control from the effect sizes. (Line 593-595)
Perceived behavioral control accounted for…consumers’ intention to adopt EV. (Line 595-598)
The internet and mass media help policymakers…important sources of information. (Line 602-604)
Thus, policymakers must bring the right…to reach the tech-savvy generation. (Line 604-605)
Thus, policymakers and vendors should take…consumers’ behavioral intention. (Line 615-618)
The current finding imitates that a satisfactorily…of environmental-friendly vehicles. (Line 628-630)
But regular sales promotion pricing influences…an environmentally friendly vehicle. (Line 630-631)
Additionally, EV manufacturers came out…such as household charging facilities. (Line 640-642)
It is believed that these steps improve… consumers’ attitude and behavioral control. (Line 642)
Thus, we can consider that EV still shares…in the innovative stage of adopting EV. (Line 652-653)
The current study concludes that vehicle…coincide with the previous studies [18,44]. (Line 659-661)
Through the government’s incentive policies…their willing-ness to adopt EV. (Line 686-688)
Thus, the government should develop…development in the automobile market. (Line 688-690)
Even if consumers have a comprehensive…leftovers to conduct green consumption. (Line 714-715)
Author Response File: 
Author Response.docx
Reviewer 2 Report
1. Why do you do EV research? What is the motivation? 2. How about related research in other countries? What is the difference with Taiwan? 3. Research methods have been proposed, but how to prove the credibility of the results? 4. What are the research tools? Why is there no mathematical model for the entire paper? How to verify the reliability of the results? 5. Can you add graphs of research results and compare them with other research methods?Author Response
- Why do you do EV research? What is the motivation?
Ans. Thank you for your query. We write the motivation and why do this research more clearly, which will be found in Line 56-71, 73-85.
Since the consumers’ behavior is a critical factor…theory for the current study purpose. (Line 56-58)
But, literature indicated the predictive power… using antecedent variables [2,3,4]. (Line 58-60)
Thus, the primary objective of the current…control to adopt a sustainable EV; (Line 60-62)
(2) To explore the influence of attitude,…intention to adopt a sustainable EV; (Line 62-64)
(3) To explore the direct effect of environmental…intending to adopt a sustainable EV; (Line 64-66)
(4) To explore how the findings of the current…compare with a global perspective. (Line 66-67)
We are confident the current study's findings…consumption of pro-environmental EV. (Line 67-69)
Both the automobile industry and policymakers…to adopt pro-environmental EV. (Line 69-71)
There are mainly two key motivations… for conducting the current research. (Line 73)
Firstly, EV is a comparatively new innovation…of problems related to the environment. (Line 73-75)
Thus, exploring the determinants, which directly…escalation of CO2 in the environment. (Line 75-79)
Secondly, the adoption of environmentally…widely studied in developed countries. (Line 79-80)
But very few studies have been done and…the primitive factors in the Taiwan context. (Line 80-81)
Literature showed that different…different problems in terms of new product adoption. (Line 81-82)
As each country is different in its own…factors from a specific country is recommended. (Line 82-83)
There is a lack of experience within…and most potential users are unqualified. (Line 83-85)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
- How about related research in other countries? What is the difference with Taiwan?
Ans. Thank you for your query. We include a section 2.2 “The development of Electric Vehicle worldwide” to explain it more clearly, which will be found in Line 110-145.
Based on the statistical data of IEA [7] in…which showed a 41% increase from 2017. (Line 110-111)
Additionally, after the global sales…3 million, a 46% in-crease from 2016 [7]. (Line 111-114)
The EV30@30 campaign was launched at…Initiative) to 30% by 2030 [8]. (Line 115-117)
The challenge involves improving… and other measures beneficial for sustainability. (Line 117-121)
With this context, several governments…confidence in the future policy framework. (Line 122-124)
In addition, some countries such as Norway…the development of electric vehicles [9]. (Line 124-127)
Because of the flourishing development of…behaviors and intentions in recent years. (Line 129-131)
Literature explored that consumers’ willingness to…on the national or regional level. (Line 131-133)
Thus, it would be interesting to…usually have different characteristics and values. (Line 133-135)
Understanding the diversity of the adopters…struggle to take off in most countries. (Line 135-137)
Moreover, by examining the existing studies…could represent the diffusion process. (Line 139-140)
It is, therefore, our rationale to find novel patterns…their perception of this innovation. (Line 140-143)
Thus, we investigate the factors that influence…different from the previous findings. (Line 143-145)
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
- Research methods have been proposed, but how to prove the credibility of the results?
Ans. Thank you for your query. We explain how we prove the credibility of the results, which will be found in Line 565-579.
To test the credibility of the results…proposed by Anderson and Gerbing [57]. (Line 565-566)
Afterward, we conducted the reliability…alpha and composite reliability (CR). (Line 566-568)
Values of Cronbach’s alpha and composite reliability…credibility of the study results. (Line 568-570)
Then we use Convergent validity to explore…and average variance extracted (AVE). (Line 571-573)
Values of composite reliability and AVE of each…credibility of the study findings. (Line 573-575)
Next, Discriminant validity was conducted to…denotes apposite Discriminant validity. (Line 575-577)
Finally, structural equation modeling (SEM) was…level and compare them. (Line 577-579)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
- What are the research tools? Why is there no mathematical model for the entire paper? How to verify the reliability of the results?
Ans. Thank you for your query. We mention the research tools and mathematical model are used in the current paper. Additionally, we explain how we verify the reliability of the results, which will be found in Line 410-416, 463-464, 473-476. 477-480, 483-484, 565-579.
An initial list of measurement items was…incentives, and charging facilities. (Line 410-412)
The instrument castoffs for the current study…initial section called the cover page. (Line 412-413)
Respondents’ demographic information age…were included in the second section. (Line 413-415)
The final segment contained indicators… and environmental concern (38 items). (Line 415-416)
The current study employed… Smart-PLS 2.0 for statistical determinations. (Line 463-464)
Reliability analysis was verified to quantify the…was calculated using the formula: (Line 473-476)
where, N = the number of items; cĚ„ = average… item-pairs; vĚ„ = aver-age variance. (Line 477-478)
Composite reliability was… calculated using the formula: (Line 480)
Where, λi = completely standardized loading for…indicator; p = number of indicators. (Line 483-484)
To test the credibility of the results…proposed by Anderson and Gerbing [57]. (Line 565-566)
Afterward, we conducted the reliability…alpha and composite reliability (CR). (Line 566-568)
Values of Cronbach’s alpha and composite reliability…credibility of the study results. (Line 568-570)
Then we use Convergent validity to explore…and average variance extracted (AVE). (Line 571-573)
Values of composite reliability and AVE of each…credibility of the study findings. (Line 573-575)
Next, Discriminant validity was conducted to…denotes apposite Discriminant validity. (Line 575-577)
Finally, structural equation modeling (SEM) was…level and compare them. (Line 577-579)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
- Can you add graphs of research results and compare them with other research methods?
Ans. Thank you for your query. We include figure 2 and figure 3 and compare our results with other research in the “discussion” part, which will be found in Line 535-554, 557-562, 582-584, 606-607, 611-613, 622-623, 644-646, 662-665, 681-683.
Figure 2 displays each path's standardized…significances, and variance explained (R2). (Line 518-519)
Figure 3 displays each path's standardized path…and variance explained (R2). (Line 527-528)
The current study's findings explored subjective…with previous findings [13,15]. (Line 582-584)
Previous literature similarly shows a significant…media on adopting new services [36]. (Line 606-607)
Previous studies provided evidence peer…norm in new product adoption [34,35]. (Line 611-613)
These findings contradict previous…significant key restriction in EV adoption [38]. (Line 622-623)
These findings are in line with the literature…that influences consumers’ attitude. (Line 644-646)
The current study finding in terms of the…research finding due to several reasons. (Line 662-663)
With the development and regeneration of…combustion engine vehicles (ICEV). (Line 664-666)
This finding coincides with the conclusion of…influenced EV purchasing intention. (Line 681-683)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
We modify the English of the paper, which will be found throughout the paper.
Alternative fuel vehicles (AFVs) are usually…(ethanol, biogas), and electricity [2]. (Line 37-39)
In-line, EVs incorporate diverse technologically…battery electric vehicles (BEVs). (Line 39-41)
In the present study context, EV is considered…be recharged from an electric outlet. (Line 41-43)
However, biofuels and electric cars are sustainable…for biofuel production. (Line 44-47).
Nevertheless, the benefits mentioned above…due to the lack of user adoption [2,4]. (Line 48-49)
Currently, EV shares a niche market…share of the transportation sector. (Line 49)
The literature stated that individuals might not be…conventional driving behavior [2,4,5]. (Line 49-52)
Thus, understanding the factors influencing…elements in ensuring optimal integration. (Line 52-53)
In addition, it ultimately measures benefits…industry regarding green consumption. (Line 53-55)
Since the consumers’ behavior is a critical factor…theory for the current study purpose. (Line 56-58)
But, literature indicated the predictive power… using antecedent variables [2,3,4]. (Line 58-60)
Thus, the primary objective of the current…control to adopt a sustainable EV; (Line 60-62)
(2) To explore the influence of attitude,…intention to adopt a sustainable EV; (Line 62-64)
(3) To explore the direct effect of environmental…intending to adopt a sustainable EV; (Line 64-66)
(4) To explore how the findings of the current…compare with a global perspective. (Line 66-67)
We are confident the current study's findings…consumption of pro-environmental EV. (Line 67-69)
Both the automobile industry and policymakers…to adopt pro-environmental EV. (Line 69-71)
But very few studies have been done…the primitive factors in the Taiwan context. (Line 80-81)
To clean up the environment and improve…which emits no tailpipe emissions [6]. (Line 88-90)
In 2014, the Taiwan government launched…electric cars, scooters, and buses [7]. (Line 90-92)
This action plan proposes a number of subsidization…the next five years until 2021 [6]. (Line 93-96)
The Taiwan government planned to phase…gasoline scooters within the next five years. (Line 97-98)
The government offers substantial subsidies… to reduce carbon emissions in Taiwan. (Line 98-108)
Thus, it would be interesting to examine the…different characteristics and values. (Line 133-135)
It would be fascinating to understand how consumers…perception of this innovation. (Line 141-143)
TPB is the improvement of the Theory…and non-volitional processes [11,12]. (Line 147-154)
According to Ajzen and Fishbein [13], attitude (ATT)…way to a specific activity. (Line 155-157)
Subjective norm (SN) indicates individuals’ perception…the particular action [10]. (Line 157-159)
Perceived behavioral control (PBC) refers to…to employing a specific activity [13]. (Line 159-160)
Because of its strong pre-emptive capability,… pro-environmental behavior [17-19]. (Line 161-167)
Thus, the current study aims to determine…recommend improving consumer behavior. (Line 167-168)
There-fore, this study adopts TPB to explore…EV in the context of Taiwan. (Line 168-170)
The environmental concern has been…government’s appeal to protect the environment. (Line 190-191)
The environmental concern has been…government’s appeal to protect the environment. (Line 190-191)
According to the Global Burden of Diseases…deaths worldwide in 2015 [27]. (Line 191-193)
It seems that governments of different…are trying to solve pollution in different ways. (Line 193-194)
Shi et al. [29] explored that the more a consumer…intention will be developed. (Line 214-215)
H2. Attitude is positively associated… with adopting a sustainable EV. (Line 219)
Peer pressure is the ability of a friend or… subordinate to convince an individual to act. (Line 225-226)
It is usually noticed that consumers tend…the same line with their peer groups [28-30]. (Line 237-238)
An initial list of measurement items was…incentives, and charging facilities. (Line 410-412)
The instrument castoffs for the current study…initial section called the cover page. (Line 412-413)
Respondents’ demographic information age…were included in the second section. (Line 413-415)
The final segment contained indicators… and environmental concern (38 items). (Line 415-416)
The current study employed… Smart-PLS 2.0 for statistical determinations. (Line 463-464)
Reliability analysis was verified to quantify the…was calculated using the formula: (Line 473-476)
where, N = the number of items; cĚ„ = average… item-pairs; vĚ„ = aver-age variance. (Line 477-478)
Reliability analysis was verified to quantify…alpha and composite reliability (CR). (Line 473-474)
Composite reliability was… calculated using the formula: (Line 480)
Where, λi = completely standardized loading for…indicator; p = number of indicators. (Line 483-484)
Discriminant validity provides evidence…are highly correlated among them or not. (Line 503-504)
Fornell and Larcker [60] suggested the square root…to validate discriminant validity. (Line 504-506)
It is shown (Table 3) the square root of AVE for…of discriminant validity. (Line 506-508)
Figure 2 displays each path's standardized path… and variance explained (R2). (Line 518-519)
R-squared is determined as indicates…between the model and the dependent variable. (Line 519-523)
The variance (R-square scores) from the PLS output…to adopt a sustainable EV 0.635. (Line 525-527)
To provide validation of the inclusion…he original TPB (Theory of planned behavior). (Line 527-528)
Figure 3 displays each path's standardized… and variance explained (R2). (Line 528-529)
The variance (R-square scores) from the PLS output…adopt a sustainable EV 0.536. (Line 529-530)
Thus, we can conclude the proposed model…explores the aim of the present study. (Line 530-531)
Additionally, the inclusion of antecedent…study's purpose better than the original TPB. (Line 531-532)
To test the credibility of the results, data…proposed by Anderson and Gerbing [57]. (Line 565-566)
Discriminant validity was conducted to.. denotes apposite Discriminant validity. (Line 575-577)
Finally, structural equation modeling (SEM)…significance level and compare them. (Line 577-579)
The subjective norm is the most dominant factor…control from the effect sizes. (Line 593-595)
Perceived behavioral control accounted for…consumers’ intention to adopt EV. (Line 595-598)
The internet and mass media help policymakers…important sources of information. (Line 602-604)
Thus, policymakers must bring the right…to reach the tech-savvy generation. (Line 604-605)
Thus, policymakers and vendors should take…consumers’ behavioral intention. (Line 615-618)
The current finding imitates that a satisfactorily…of environmental-friendly vehicles. (Line 628-630)
But regular sales promotion pricing influences…an environmentally friendly vehicle. (Line 630-631)
Additionally, EV manufacturers came out…such as household charging facilities. (Line 640-642)
It is believed that these steps improve… consumers’ attitude and behavioral control. (Line 642)
Thus, we can consider that EV still shares…in the innovative stage of adopting EV. (Line 652-653)
The current study concludes that vehicle…coincide with the previous studies [18,44]. (Line 659-661)
Through the government’s incentive policies…their willing-ness to adopt EV. (Line 686-688)
Thus, the government should develop…development in the automobile market. (Line 688-690)
Even if consumers have a comprehensive…leftovers to conduct green consumption. (Line 714-715)
Author Response File: Author Response.docx
Reviewer 3 Report
The article is interesting and up-to-date. The authors correctly formulated the research goal and the hypotheses. Primary research was carried out on a small sample. This can be considered exploratory research.
Author Response
The article is interesting and up-to-date. The authors correctly formulated the research goal and the hypotheses. Primary research was carried out on a small sample. This can be considered exploratory research.
Ans. Thank you for your suggestion.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
We modify the English of the paper, which will be found throughout the paper.
Alternative fuel vehicles (AFVs) are usually…(ethanol, biogas), and electricity [2]. (Line 37-39)
In-line, EVs incorporate diverse technologically…battery electric vehicles (BEVs). (Line 39-41)
In the present study context, EV is considered…be recharged from an electric outlet. (Line 41-43)
However, biofuels and electric cars are sustainable…for biofuel production. (Line 44-47).
Nevertheless, the benefits mentioned above…due to the lack of user adoption [2,4]. (Line 48-49)
Currently, EV shares a niche market…share of the transportation sector. (Line 49)
The literature stated that individuals might not be…conventional driving behavior [2,4,5]. (Line 49-52)
Thus, understanding the factors influencing…elements in ensuring optimal integration. (Line 52-53)
In addition, it ultimately measures benefits…industry regarding green consumption. (Line 53-55)
Since the consumers’ behavior is a critical factor…theory for the current study purpose. (Line 56-58)
But, literature indicated the predictive power… using antecedent variables [2,3,4]. (Line 58-60)
Thus, the primary objective of the current…control to adopt a sustainable EV; (Line 60-62)
(2) To explore the influence of attitude,…intention to adopt a sustainable EV; (Line 62-64)
(3) To explore the direct effect of environmental…intending to adopt a sustainable EV; (Line 64-66)
(4) To explore how the findings of the current…compare with a global perspective. (Line 66-67)
We are confident the current study's findings…consumption of pro-environmental EV. (Line 67-69)
Both the automobile industry and policymakers…to adopt pro-environmental EV. (Line 69-71)
But very few studies have been done…the primitive factors in the Taiwan context. (Line 80-81)
To clean up the environment and improve…which emits no tailpipe emissions [6]. (Line 88-90)
In 2014, the Taiwan government launched…electric cars, scooters, and buses [7]. (Line 90-92)
This action plan proposes a number of subsidization…the next five years until 2021 [6]. (Line 93-96)
The Taiwan government planned to phase…gasoline scooters within the next five years. (Line 97-98)
The government offers substantial subsidies… to reduce carbon emissions in Taiwan. (Line 98-108)
Thus, it would be interesting to examine the…different characteristics and values. (Line 133-135)
It would be fascinating to understand how consumers…perception of this innovation. (Line 141-143)
TPB is the improvement of the Theory…and non-volitional processes [11,12]. (Line 147-154)
According to Ajzen and Fishbein [13], attitude (ATT)…way to a specific activity. (Line 155-157)
Subjective norm (SN) indicates individuals’ perception…the particular action [10]. (Line 157-159)
Perceived behavioral control (PBC) refers to…to employing a specific activity [13]. (Line 159-160)
Because of its strong pre-emptive capability,… pro-environmental behavior [17-19]. (Line 161-167)
Thus, the current study aims to determine…recommend improving consumer behavior. (Line 167-168)
There-fore, this study adopts TPB to explore…EV in the context of Taiwan. (Line 168-170)
The environmental concern has been…government’s appeal to protect the environment. (Line 190-191)
The environmental concern has been…government’s appeal to protect the environment. (Line 190-191)
According to the Global Burden of Diseases…deaths worldwide in 2015 [27]. (Line 191-193)
It seems that governments of different…are trying to solve pollution in different ways. (Line 193-194)
Shi et al. [29] explored that the more a consumer…intention will be developed. (Line 214-215)
H2. Attitude is positively associated… with adopting a sustainable EV. (Line 219)
Peer pressure is the ability of a friend or… subordinate to convince an individual to act. (Line 225-226)
It is usually noticed that consumers tend…the same line with their peer groups [28-30]. (Line 237-238)
An initial list of measurement items was…incentives, and charging facilities. (Line 410-412)
The instrument castoffs for the current study…initial section called the cover page. (Line 412-413)
Respondents’ demographic information age…were included in the second section. (Line 413-415)
The final segment contained indicators… and environmental concern (38 items). (Line 415-416)
The current study employed… Smart-PLS 2.0 for statistical determinations. (Line 463-464)
Reliability analysis was verified to quantify the…was calculated using the formula: (Line 473-476)
where, N = the number of items; cĚ„ = average… item-pairs; vĚ„ = aver-age variance. (Line 477-478)
Reliability analysis was verified to quantify…alpha and composite reliability (CR). (Line 473-474)
Composite reliability was… calculated using the formula: (Line 480)
Where, λi = completely standardized loading for…indicator; p = number of indicators. (Line 483-484)
Discriminant validity provides evidence…are highly correlated among them or not. (Line 503-504)
Fornell and Larcker [60] suggested the square root…to validate discriminant validity. (Line 504-506)
It is shown (Table 3) the square root of AVE for…of discriminant validity. (Line 506-508)
Figure 2 displays each path's standardized path… and variance explained (R2). (Line 518-519)
R-squared is determined as indicates…between the model and the dependent variable. (Line 519-523)
The variance (R-square scores) from the PLS output…to adopt a sustainable EV 0.635. (Line 525-527)
To provide validation of the inclusion…he original TPB (Theory of planned behavior). (Line 527-528)
Figure 3 displays each path's standardized… and variance explained (R2). (Line 528-529)
The variance (R-square scores) from the PLS output…adopt a sustainable EV 0.536. (Line 529-530)
Thus, we can conclude the proposed model…explores the aim of the present study. (Line 530-531)
Additionally, the inclusion of antecedent…study's purpose better than the original TPB. (Line 531-532)
To test the credibility of the results, data…proposed by Anderson and Gerbing [57]. (Line 565-566)
Discriminant validity was conducted to.. denotes apposite Discriminant validity. (Line 575-577)
Finally, structural equation modeling (SEM)…significance level and compare them. (Line 577-579)
The subjective norm is the most dominant factor…control from the effect sizes. (Line 593-595)
Perceived behavioral control accounted for…consumers’ intention to adopt EV. (Line 595-598)
The internet and mass media help policymakers…important sources of information. (Line 602-604)
Thus, policymakers must bring the right…to reach the tech-savvy generation. (Line 604-605)
Thus, policymakers and vendors should take…consumers’ behavioral intention. (Line 615-618)
The current finding imitates that a satisfactorily…of environmental-friendly vehicles. (Line 628-630)
But regular sales promotion pricing influences…an environmentally friendly vehicle. (Line 630-631)
Additionally, EV manufacturers came out…such as household charging facilities. (Line 640-642)
It is believed that these steps improve… consumers’ attitude and behavioral control. (Line 642)
Thus, we can consider that EV still shares…in the innovative stage of adopting EV. (Line 652-653)
The current study concludes that vehicle…coincide with the previous studies [18,44]. (Line 659-661)
Through the government’s incentive policies…their willing-ness to adopt EV. (Line 686-688)
Thus, the government should develop…development in the automobile market. (Line 688-690)
Even if consumers have a comprehensive…leftovers to conduct green consumption. (Line 714-715)
Author Response File: Author Response.docx
