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Microbiology Research
Volume 6
Issue 1
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Microbiology Research is published by MDPI from Volume 11 Issue 2 (2020). Previous articles were published by another publisher in Open Access under a CC-BY (or CC-BY-NC-ND) licence, and they are hosted by MDPI on mdpi.com as a courtesy and upon agreement with PAGEPress.

Microbiol. Res., Volume 6, Issue 1 (December 2015) – 6 articles

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645 KiB  
Article
The Novel Effect of cis-2-Decenoic Acid on Biofilm Producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa
by Vahid Soheili, Neda Khedmatgozar Oghaz, Zahra Sabeti Noughabi and Bibi Sedigheh Fazly Bazzaz
Microbiol. Res. 2015, 6(1), 6158; https://doi.org/10.4081/mr.2015.6158 - 12 Feb 2016
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 554
Abstract
Microbial biofilms are a main cause of many chronic infections and mortalities, such as dental caries, cystic fibrosis, osteoradionecrosis, urinary tract infections and native valve endocarditis. These polymeric matrices are sessile communities with different rules from those forms via known planktonic bacteria. One [...] Read more.
Microbial biofilms are a main cause of many chronic infections and mortalities, such as dental caries, cystic fibrosis, osteoradionecrosis, urinary tract infections and native valve endocarditis. These polymeric matrices are sessile communities with different rules from those forms via known planktonic bacteria. One of the important biofilm-producing human pathogens is Pseudomonas aeruginosa, which causes death in the majority of people who suffer from cystic fibrosis, AIDS, burns and neutropenic cancer. To find a method for controlling the growth and resistance of P. aeruginosa biofilm, this study investigated the dispersion induction of this microorganism with a diffusible signal factor (DSF), cis-2-decenoic acid (CDA), in combination with Tobramycin as a useful antibiotic. Our findings confirmed that although CDA did not act as a dispersion inducer in this experiment, it did show an antimicrobial effect and decreased the MIC of Tobramycin. These results suggested that research on the probable new effects of DSF molecules will result in advances in the control of biofilm infections. Full article
103 KiB  
Article
Use of Feed Additives for Reducing Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Dairy Farms
by Roonal Pritam Kataria
Microbiol. Res. 2015, 6(1), 6120; https://doi.org/10.4081/mr.2015.6120 - 12 Feb 2016
Cited by 14 | Viewed by 1040
Abstract
This review analyses methane emissions from dairy farms due to enteric fermentations and use of different feed additives as a strategy to control them. CH4 is a product that forms during the fermentation of food in the rumen of ruminants and on [...] Read more.
This review analyses methane emissions from dairy farms due to enteric fermentations and use of different feed additives as a strategy to control them. CH4 is a product that forms during the fermentation of food in the rumen of ruminants and on average represents a 7% loss of the energy ingested by the animal. CH4 is also a potent greenhouse gas. Various approaches have been studied in many countries with the aim of reducing methane emissions of digestive origin like the use of biotechnologies to modify the microbial ecosystem. This include selection of rumen micro-organisms through the elimination of protozoans or the inoculation of exogenous bacterial strains, vaccination against methanogenic micro-organisms, etc. or use of new food additives like plant extracts, organic acids, etc. and are theoretically promising paths. Their application is however still not known because trials are being performed mainly in vitro. This article focuses on reducing methanogenesis by adjusting the composition of the feed distributed to animals. Full article
805 KiB  
Article
Effects of Light Intensity and the Remaining Nitrate Concentration on the Beta-Carotene Accumulation of a Wild Dunaliella salina Strain Isolated from the Saline Soil
by Zhe Wu, Rokeya Akter, Wallop Arirob, Niran Juntawong, Chunhong Ma and Promchup Duangmanee
Microbiol. Res. 2015, 6(1), 6233; https://doi.org/10.4081/mr.2015.6233 - 30 Dec 2015
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 395
Abstract
An isolated Dunaliella salina strain from northern Thailand was cultured in modified Johnson’s medium in column photobioreactor. The beta-carotene accumulation mainly depended on the quantities of cells entering into carotenogenesis condition that was significantly enhanced by high started KNO3 concentration. Low remaining [...] Read more.
An isolated Dunaliella salina strain from northern Thailand was cultured in modified Johnson’s medium in column photobioreactor. The beta-carotene accumulation mainly depended on the quantities of cells entering into carotenogenesis condition that was significantly enhanced by high started KNO3 concentration. Low remaining nitrate concentration in the culture of each cell (RNCC) was suitable for algae to accumulate beta-carotene. Following the cultivation time extended, RNCC of all cultures decreased and tended to the same level (10–20 pg/cell) although the biomass or betacarotene content in the culture was higher in high started KNO3 concentration. High light intensity restrained the growth especially in low KNO3 concentration but improved betacarotene accumulation and RNCC. The highest biomass and beta-carotene dry weight (DW) were 2.25 g L−1 and 79.2 mg g−1 DW respectively. Above results indicated that increasing the biomass and as early as possible to strengthen the stress on each cell was important to improve the final beta-carotene yield. Full article
716 KiB  
Article
Analysis of Alicyclobacillus acidoterrestris Spores from Different Sporulation Media Subjected to Wet-Heat
by Celenk Molva and Ayse Handan Baysal
Microbiol. Res. 2015, 6(1), 6219; https://doi.org/10.4081/mr.2015.6219 - 30 Dec 2015
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 383
Abstract
The presence of Alicyclobacillus acidoterrestris endospores in fruit juices is a significant problem for the juice industry since they are able to survive pasteurization subsequently leading to the spoilage. To evaluate the mechanism of wet-heat, structural damage and the leakages of intracellular materials [...] Read more.
The presence of Alicyclobacillus acidoterrestris endospores in fruit juices is a significant problem for the juice industry since they are able to survive pasteurization subsequently leading to the spoilage. To evaluate the mechanism of wet-heat, structural damage and the leakages of intracellular materials of A. acidoterrestris DSM 3922 spores from different sporulation media was studied at 90 °C (15–45 min). For sporulation, Bacillus acidoterrestris agar, Bacillus acidocaldarius agar, potato dextrose agar and malt extract agar were used. Based on the scanning electron microscopy, loss of internal volume and structural integrity were observed following heating which were further confirmed by the leakages of intracellular components. The obtained results suggest that the inactivation of A. acidoterrestris DSM 3922 spores by wet-heat is associated with damage to the coat and inner membrane depending on the sporulation medium composition and heating time. Full article
648 KiB  
Article
Enumeration of Coliform Bacteria and Characterization of Escherichia coli Isolated from Staff Club Swimming Pool in Ile-Ife, Nigeria
by Tolutope O. Akeju and Kehinde O. Awojobi
Microbiol. Res. 2015, 6(1), 5972; https://doi.org/10.4081/mr.2015.5972 - 30 Dec 2015
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 420
Abstract
Water recreation, though increasing globally, is strongly associated with infectious diseases. Unexpectedly, artificial water recreation systems e.g. swimming pools account for 90% of these outbreaks. It is therefore essential that pool waters be regularly monitored for deviations from microbial water quality guidelines. To [...] Read more.
Water recreation, though increasing globally, is strongly associated with infectious diseases. Unexpectedly, artificial water recreation systems e.g. swimming pools account for 90% of these outbreaks. It is therefore essential that pool waters be regularly monitored for deviations from microbial water quality guidelines. To assess the sanitary quality of a club swimming pool in Ile-Ife, Nigeria, we used the multiple-tube fermentation technique to determine the most probable number (MPN) of coliform bacteria in 100 mL of pool water. MPN estimates ranged from 9 to 93 with geometric mean of 38. Escherichia coli was isolated from positive presumptive tubes, indicating recent fecal contamination. The isolate elicited similar biochemical reactions as reference E. coli (25922), except that it utilized sucrose and liquefied gelatin, which probably indicates potential pathogenicity. Also, the E. coli isolate was resistant to 13 antibiotics from 9 different classes. Finally, coliform counts and detection of E. coli clearly violates international guidelines. We recommend that pool operators increase water disinfection efficiency and educate the public on the need for improved swimmer hygiene to reduce the risk of recreational water illness transmission. Full article
643 KiB  
Article
Bioactive Isochromenone Isolated from Aspergillus fumigatus, Endophytic Fungus from Bacopa monnieri
by Jay Prakash Thakur, Rumana Haider, Dhananjay Kumar Singh, Balagani Sathish Kumar, Prema G. Vasudev, Suaib Luqman, Alok Kalra, Dharmendra Saikia and Arvind S. Negi
Microbiol. Res. 2015, 6(1), 5800; https://doi.org/10.4081/mr.2015.5800 - 30 Dec 2015
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 528
Abstract
Fungal endophytes are a significant reservoir of novel bioactive secondary metabolites. Present communication describes isolation and structure determination of isochromenone, from endophytic microorganism Aspergillus fumigatus hosted in Bacopa monnieri plant. Further, its biological evaluation revealed it as antioxidant and antitubercular. The methanol extract [...] Read more.
Fungal endophytes are a significant reservoir of novel bioactive secondary metabolites. Present communication describes isolation and structure determination of isochromenone, from endophytic microorganism Aspergillus fumigatus hosted in Bacopa monnieri plant. Further, its biological evaluation revealed it as antioxidant and antitubercular. The methanol extract of A. fumigatus inhibits the growth of the virulent strain of Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37RV with minimum inhibitory concentration 500 μg/mL. This is the first report of isolation of isochromenone from A. fumigatus. Full article
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