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Volume 8
Issue 4
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World Electric Vehicle Journal is published by MDPI from Volume 9 issue 1 (2018). Previous articles were published by The World Electric Vehicle Association (WEVA) and its member the European Association for e-Mobility (AVERE), the Electric Drive Transportation Association (EDTA), and the Electric Vehicle Association of Asia Pacific (EVAAP). They are hosted by MDPI on mdpi.com as a courtesy and upon agreement with AVERE.
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Article

How Total is a Total Cost of Ownership?

by
Quentin De Clerck
*,
Tom Van Lier
,
Philippe Lebeau
,
Maarten Messagie
,
Lieselot Vanhaverbeke
,
Cathy Macharis
and
Joeri Van Mierlo
Quentin De Clerck (corresponding author), Research Group MOBI, Vrije Universiteit Brussel Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
World Electr. Veh. J. 2016, 8(4), 742-753; https://doi.org/10.3390/wevj8040742
Published: 30 December 2016
Versions Notes

Abstract

In this paper a segmented Total Cost of Ownership (TCO) model is presented for alternative vehicle technologies as well as its extension with external costs related to vehicle ownership and use. Adding external costs to the TCO extends the interpretation of individual ownership to a societal perspective by describing the effect of the technologies on the costs for the society. This extension, called “Total Cost for Society”, suggests that battery electric vehicles, plug-in hybrid electric vehicles and hybrid electric vehicles have a lower societal cost than petrol, diesel and compressed natural gas vehicles.
Keywords: passenger car; electric vehicle; cost passenger car; electric vehicle; cost

Share and Cite

MDPI and ACS Style

De Clerck, Q.; Van Lier, T.; Lebeau, P.; Messagie, M.; Vanhaverbeke, L.; Macharis, C.; Van Mierlo, J. How Total is a Total Cost of Ownership? World Electr. Veh. J. 2016, 8, 742-753. https://doi.org/10.3390/wevj8040742

AMA Style

De Clerck Q, Van Lier T, Lebeau P, Messagie M, Vanhaverbeke L, Macharis C, Van Mierlo J. How Total is a Total Cost of Ownership? World Electric Vehicle Journal. 2016; 8(4):742-753. https://doi.org/10.3390/wevj8040742

Chicago/Turabian Style

De Clerck, Quentin, Tom Van Lier, Philippe Lebeau, Maarten Messagie, Lieselot Vanhaverbeke, Cathy Macharis, and Joeri Van Mierlo. 2016. "How Total is a Total Cost of Ownership?" World Electric Vehicle Journal 8, no. 4: 742-753. https://doi.org/10.3390/wevj8040742

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