Carbon Dioxide Tornado-Type Atmospheric-Pressure-Plasma-Jet-Processed rGO-SnO2 Nanocomposites for Symmetric Supercapacitors
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Experimental Sections
2.1. Preparation of rGO-SnCl2 Pastes for Screen Printing
2.2. Fabrication of rGO-SnO2 Electrodes
2.3. Preparation of Gel–Electrolyte and Assembly of rGO-SnO2 Supercapacitor
2.4. Characterization of Materials and SCs
3. Results and Discussions
3.1. Basic Information about CO2 Tornado-Type APPJ
3.2. Water Contact Angles of rGO-SnO2
3.3. Surface Morphology of rGO-SnO2 Electrode
3.4. Chemical Bonding Analyses by XPS
3.5. CV Measurements
3.6. Trasatti Analysis
3.7. GCD Measurements
3.8. Ragone Plots
3.9. Electrochemical and Mechanical Stability of SCs
3.10. Illumination of LED by Charged SCs
4. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Number of APPJ Scans | C (at.%) | O (at.%) | Sn (at.%) | Cl (at.%) |
---|---|---|---|---|
0 | 59.8 | 33.0 | 3.7 | 3.5 |
1 | 29.1 | 52.1 | 16.7 | 2.1 |
3 | 28.1 | 54.0 | 16.2 | 1.7 |
5 | 23.3 | 57.0 | 18.1 | 1.6 |
7 | 27.3 | 52.9 | 18.2 | 1.6 |
9 | 24.9 | 55.2 | 18.7 | 1.2 |
Areal Capacitance (mF/cm2) | |||
---|---|---|---|
Number of APPJ Scans | Potential Scan Rate (mV/s) | ||
2 | 20 | 200 | |
0 | 4.24 | 3.12 | 2.09 |
1 | 23.95 | 18.62 | 12.46 |
3 | 28.78 | 21.5 | 14.79 |
5 | 32.25 | 25.85 | 18.31 |
7 | 33.59 | 27.14 | 19.25 |
9 | 31.77 | 26.6 | 16.51 |
Number of APPJ Scans | Ctotal (mF/cm2) | Cin (mF/cm2) | Cout (mF/cm2) | Capacitive Contribution (PC:EDLC) (%) |
---|---|---|---|---|
0 | 4.50 | 2.39 | 2.11 | 53.1:46.9 |
1 | 25.75 | 12.87 | 12.88 | 50.0:50.0 |
3 | 30.28 | 15.37 | 14.91 | 50.8:49.2 |
5 | 34.03 | 15.17 | 18.86 | 44.6:55.4 |
7 | 35.49 | 15.51 | 19.98 | 43.7:56.3 |
9 | 35.96 | 17.93 | 18.03 | 50.0:50.0 |
Areal Capacitance (mF/cm2) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Number of APPJ Scans | Charging/Discharging Current (mA) | ||||
0.25 | 0.50 | 1 | 2 | 4 | |
0 | 2.75 | 2.40 | 2.10 | 1.75 | 1.89 |
1 | 22.19 | 18.58 | 16.41 | 14.73 | 13.28 |
3 | 29.21 | 24.93 | 22.22 | 20.05 | 17.71 |
5 | 34.57 | 31.23 | 27.64 | 25.19 | 22.63 |
7 | 37.17 | 32.74 | 29.96 | 27.40 | 25.17 |
9 | 34.73 | 30.92 | 28.27 | 25.78 | 23.36 |
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Chang, J.-H.; Chen, S.-Y.; Kuo, Y.-L.; Yang, C.-R.; Chen, J.-Z. Carbon Dioxide Tornado-Type Atmospheric-Pressure-Plasma-Jet-Processed rGO-SnO2 Nanocomposites for Symmetric Supercapacitors. Materials 2021, 14, 2777. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14112777
Chang J-H, Chen S-Y, Kuo Y-L, Yang C-R, Chen J-Z. Carbon Dioxide Tornado-Type Atmospheric-Pressure-Plasma-Jet-Processed rGO-SnO2 Nanocomposites for Symmetric Supercapacitors. Materials. 2021; 14(11):2777. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14112777
Chicago/Turabian StyleChang, Jung-Hsien, Song-Yu Chen, Yu-Lin Kuo, Chii-Rong Yang, and Jian-Zhang Chen. 2021. "Carbon Dioxide Tornado-Type Atmospheric-Pressure-Plasma-Jet-Processed rGO-SnO2 Nanocomposites for Symmetric Supercapacitors" Materials 14, no. 11: 2777. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14112777