Marine Microorganisms: Diversity, Bioactivity and Applications

Topic Information

Dear Colleagues,

The scarcity of available resources will result in challenges due to the increased demand for resources to support technological, social, and human well-being, thus serving as motivation for identifying reserves of unexploited resources. The marine environment represents a lesser-explored resource with immeasurable potential due to the vast associated microbial diversity. In fact, the marine environment has several characteristics that facilitate the discovery of new microbial strains with unique features that can be exploited in the discovery and development of new bioactive molecules. Marine microorganisms represent a diversified source of bioactive metabolites that could potentially be used as new drugs. They are somewhat undervalued compared with their terrestrial counterparts, and their chemical and biological diversity is still being underestimated. Many new or little-studied taxa (neglected species) need to be carefully investigated in the search to discover new bioactive metabolites. In this context, it must be taken into account that the oceans cover 71% of Earth’s surface, and about 70% of the total marine biomass is represented by microorganisms. Thus, understanding the diversity and importance of marine microorganisms is vital, particularly in this period of rapid global changes. This topic is devoted to the fundamental and applied aspects involved in the study of marine sources (new potential drugs, identification of metabolites or chemical entities, microorganisms, algae, water, etc.) and aims to contribute to highlighting recent findings and acquiring a comprehensive perspective on the current status of this research field. All article types are welcome.

Prof. Dr. Massimiliano Fenice
Dr. M. Amparo F. Faustino
Topic Editors

Keywords

Participating Journals

Journal Name	Impact Factor	CiteScore	Launched Year	First Decision (median)	APC
Chemistry chemistry	2.1	2.5	2019	14.6 Days	CHF 1600	Submit
Marine Drugs marinedrugs	5.4	9.6	2003	14.1 Days	CHF 2900	Submit
Microbiology Research microbiolres	1.5	1.3	2010	16.6 Days	CHF 1400	Submit
Molecules molecules	4.6	6.7	1996	13.6 Days	CHF 2700	Submit
Water water	3.4	5.5	2009	16.6 Days	CHF 2600	Submit

Published Papers (3 papers)

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All Chemistry Marine Drugs Microbiology Research Molecules Water

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Open AccessArticle

Flow Cytometric Investigation of Salinicola halophilus S28 Physiological Response Provides Solid Evidence for Its Uncommon and High Ability to Face Salt-Stress Conditions

by

Belén Juárez-Jiménez

,

Massimiliano Fenice

,

Marcella Pasqualetti

,

Barbara Muñoz-Palazon

,

David Correa-Galeote

,

Martina Braconcini

and

Susanna Gorrasi

Microbiol. Res. 2023, 14(2), 454-465; https://doi.org/10.3390/microbiolres14020034 - 01 Apr 2023

Viewed by 1084

Abstract

In a previous work, some bacterial strains isolated from the Saline di Tarquinia marine salterns (Viterbo, Italy) showed very unusual growth profiles in relation to temperature and salinity variations when grown in solid media. In particular, Salinicola halophilus S28 showed optimal or suboptimal [...] Read more.

In a previous work, some bacterial strains isolated from the Saline di Tarquinia marine salterns (Viterbo, Italy) showed very unusual growth profiles in relation to temperature and salinity variations when grown in solid media. In particular, Salinicola halophilus S28 showed optimal or suboptimal growth in a very wide range of NaCl concentrations, suggesting a great coping ability with salinity variations. These intriguing outcomes did not fit with the general Salinicola halophilus description as a moderately halophilic species. Therefore, this study profiles the actual physiological status of S28 cells subjected to different NaCl concentrations to provide evidence for the actual coping ability of strain S28 with broad salinity variations. Flow cytometry was selected as the evaluation method to study the physiological status of bacterial cells subjected to different salinity levels, monitoring the strain response at different growth phases over 72 h. Strain S28 showed maximal growth at 8% NaCl; however, it grew very well with no statistically significant differences at all salinity conditions (4–24% NaCl). Flow cytometric results provided clear evidence of its actual and strong ability to face increasing salinity, revealing a good physiological response up to 24% of NaCl. In addition, strain S28 showed very similar cell physiological status at all salinity levels, as also indicated by the flat growth profile revealed in the range of 4–24% NaCl. This is the first study regarding the physiological response during the growth of halophilic bacteria under different conditions of salinity via flow cytometry. This technique represents an effective tool for the investigation of the physiological status of each cell, even if it is somehow underrated and underused by microbiologists for this purpose. Full article

(This article belongs to the Topic Marine Microorganisms: Diversity, Bioactivity and Applications)

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Open AccessReview

Structures and Biological Activities of Secondary Metabolites from Trichoderma harzianum

by

Rui Guo

,

Gang Li

,

Zhao Zhang

and

Xiaoping Peng

Mar. Drugs 2022, 20(11), 701; https://doi.org/10.3390/md20110701 - 09 Nov 2022

Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1871

Abstract

The biocontrol fungus Trichoderma harzianum, from both marine and terrestrial environments, has attracted considerable attention. T. harzianum has a tremendous potential to produce a variety of bioactive secondary metabolites (SMs), which are an important source of new herbicides and antibiotics. This review [...] Read more.

The biocontrol fungus Trichoderma harzianum, from both marine and terrestrial environments, has attracted considerable attention. T. harzianum has a tremendous potential to produce a variety of bioactive secondary metabolites (SMs), which are an important source of new herbicides and antibiotics. This review prioritizes the SMs of T. harzianum from 1988 to June 2022, and their relevant biological activities. Marine-derived SMs, especially terpenoids, polyketides, and macrolides compounds, occupy a significant proportion of natural products from T. harzianum, deserving more of our attention. Full article

(This article belongs to the Topic Marine Microorganisms: Diversity, Bioactivity and Applications)

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Open AccessArticle

Formulation, Characterization, and In Vitro/In Vivo Efficacy Studies of a Novel Liposomal Drug Delivery System of Amphiphilic Jaspine B for Treatment of Synovial Sarcoma

by

Sana Khajeh pour

,

Sameena Mateen

,

Srinath Pashikanti

,

Jared J. Barrott

and

Ali Aghazadeh-Habashi

Mar. Drugs 2022, 20(8), 509; https://doi.org/10.3390/md20080509 - 10 Aug 2022

Viewed by 1308

Abstract

Sphingomyelin is a cell membrane sphingolipid that is upregulated in synovial sarcoma (SS). Jaspine B has been shown to inhibit sphingomyelin synthase, which synthesizes sphingomyelin from ceramide, a critical signal transducer; however, jaspine B’s low bioavailability limits its application as a promising treatment [...] Read more.

Sphingomyelin is a cell membrane sphingolipid that is upregulated in synovial sarcoma (SS). Jaspine B has been shown to inhibit sphingomyelin synthase, which synthesizes sphingomyelin from ceramide, a critical signal transducer; however, jaspine B’s low bioavailability limits its application as a promising treatment option. To address this shortcoming, we used microfluidics to develop a liposomal delivery system with increased anticancer efficacy. The nano-liposome size was determined by transmission electron microscopy. The jaspine B liposome was tested for its tumor inhibitory efficacy compared to plain jaspine B in in vitro and in vivo studies. The human SS cell line was tested for cell viability using varying jaspine B concentrations. In a mouse model of SS, tumor growth suppression was evaluated during four weeks of treatment (3 times/week). The results show that jaspine B was successfully formulated in the liposomes with a size ranging from 127.5 ± 61.2 nm. The MTT assay and animal study results indicate that jaspine B liposomes dose-dependently lowers cell viability in the SS cell line and effectively suppresses tumor cell growth in the SS animal model. The novel liposome drug delivery system addresses jaspine B’s low bioavailability issues and improves its therapeutic efficacy. Full article

(This article belongs to the Topic Marine Microorganisms: Diversity, Bioactivity and Applications)

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