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Alveolar Echinococcosis and Cystic Echinococcosis: Advances in the 21st Century
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Parasitology Unit 190p, Emil-Wolff-Str. 34, University of Hohenheim, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany
Head of Division of Clinical Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 23, 89081 Ulm, Germany
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Alveolar Echinococcosis and Cystic Echinococcosis: Advances in the 21st Century

Abstract submission deadline
closed (30 September 2023)
Manuscript submission deadline
closed (30 December 2023)
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1164

Topic Information

Dear Colleagues,

Echinococcosis, one of the world’s most lethal parasitoses, remains a challenge for clinicians and public health systems in affected countries. The two main types of the disease are cystic echinococcosis (CE) and alveolar echinococcosis (AE). Despite insight from experimental, epidemiological, and clinical research, we still are far from fully understanding AE and CE. Therefore, we would like to invite you, as experts in this field, to add a piece to the puzzle and share your research results on AE and CE. Compiling and integrating our research will improve our ability to prevent, diagnose, and treat these diseases and hopefully reduce their burden. This topic aims to share research with clinical implications from all AE- and CE-affected countries. More precisely, the focus lies on the following research questions: How to make the first diagnosis of AE and CE easier. What are simple and reliable biomarkers to identify AE and CE? How can new imaging techniques help to establish the diagnosis? When is a biopsy required and how can the examination be conducted? Histology, immunohistology, or nucleic acid detection—quo vadis? Diagnosis prompts treatment—or does it? How can we strike the right balance between action and cautious restraint? How can we separate active and inactive disease? How can we evaluate treatment response? Is the PNM classification a reliable prognostic tool? When is it appropriate to delay or pause treatment (“watch and wait”)? Therapy in AE and CE: crossroads, dead-end, or roadworks? How should we choose a treatment option and overcome the current limitations? If benzimidazoles fail with AE, what treatment options are left? How does treatment differ in vulnerable groups, e.g., the immunocompromised? When are conservative treatment and surgery the best choices? When is percutaneous treatment indicated for CE? What are the strengths and limitations of different surgical and interventional techniques? How can resection margin and perioperative treatment with benzimidazoles affect the long-term outcome? Liver transplantation as the ultima ratio with AE—quo vadis? From bench to bedside: how clinicians learn from basic research. How does the host’s immune system control AE and CE? Which host factors contribute to a stable disease and which do not? Is there a difference in the pathogenicity/infectivity of different genetic variants? What are the underlying mechanisms of benzimidazole intolerance or suspected resistance? Looking at the greater picture: how can we reduce the burden of disease? Understanding the One Health dynamics of AE and CE: what are the risk factors for transmission? What is the geographical distribution and relative frequency of different causative species and genotypes? Are there differences in host predilection? Mass screening, slaughter hygiene, animal vaccination, personal hygiene promotion, dog/fox treatment—what are successful and cost-effective public health strategies?

Dr. Thomas Romig
Dr. Beate Grüner
Topic Editors

Keywords

  • cystic echinococcosis
  • Echinococcus multilocularis
  • human alveolar echinococcosis
  • alveolar echinococcosis diagnosis
  • treatment and clinical management of AE
  • immunology
  • genotypes
  • epidemiology
  • public health

Participating Journals

Journal Name Impact Factor CiteScore Launched Year First Decision (median) APC
Diagnostics
diagnostics 		3.6 3.6 2011 20.7 Days CHF 2600
Parasitologia
parasitologia 		- - 2021 19.8 Days CHF 1000
Pathogens
pathogens 		3.7 5.1 2012 16.4 Days CHF 2700
Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease
tropicalmed 		2.9 4.1 2016 19.4 Days CHF 2700
Vaccines
vaccines 		7.8 7.0 2013 19.2 Days CHF 2700

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Article
Global, Regional and National Burden of Human Cystic Echinococcosis from 1990 to 2019: A Systematic Analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019
by Tian Tian, Liyuan Miao, Wei Wang and Xiaonong Zhou
Trop. Med. Infect. Dis. 2024, 9(4), 87; https://doi.org/10.3390/tropicalmed9040087 - 17 Apr 2024
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Abstract
Background: Cystic echinococcosis (CE) is a neglected tropical parasitic disease that poses huge disease, social and economic burdens worldwide; however, there has been little knowledge on the global morbidity, mortality and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) of CE until now. This study aimed to [...] Read more.
Background: Cystic echinococcosis (CE) is a neglected tropical parasitic disease that poses huge disease, social and economic burdens worldwide; however, there has been little knowledge on the global morbidity, mortality and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) of CE until now. This study aimed to collect the most up-to-date data about the global, regional and national disease burden due to CE from 1990 to 2019 and to project trends in the next 10 years. Methods: We measured the global, regional and national morbidity, mortality and DALYs of CE from 1990 to 2019 based on the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019 (GBD 2019) data, and we examined the correlation between socioeconomic development levels and the disease burden of CE. In addition, the disease burden due to CE was projected from 2020 to 2030. Results: The age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR) of CE reduced from 2.65/105 [95% UI: (1.87/105 to 3.7/105)] in 1990 to 2.6/105 [95% UI: (1.72/105 to 3.79/105)] in 2019 (EAPC = −0.18%). The number of deaths, DALYs, age-standardized mortality rate (ASMR) and age-standardized DALY rate due to CE all showed a tendency to decline from 1990 to 2019. A higher disease burden of CE was measured in women than in men in 2019. There was a significant difference in the ASMR of CE by region according to the socio-demographic index (SDI), and lower burdens of CE were estimated in high-SDI regions. The global ASIR of CE is projected to decline from 2020 to 2030; however, the ASMR and age-standardized DALY rate are projected to rise. Conclusions: The global burden of CE remains high, and it is recommended that more health resources are allocated to low-SDI regions, women and the elderly aged 55 to 65 years to reduce the disease burden of CE. Full article
(This article belongs to the Topic Alveolar Echinococcosis and Cystic Echinococcosis: Advances in the 21st Century)
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