Logistics doi: 10.3390/logistics8020034
Authors: Yahel Giat
Background: Exchangeable item repair systems are inventory systems. A nonfunctional item is exchanged for a functional item and returns to the system after being repaired. In our periodic review setting, repair is performed either in-house or outsourced. When repair is in-house, a repaired item is returned to stock regardless of the repair status of the other items in its order. In contrast, with outsourced repair, the entire order must be repaired for it to return to stock. Methods: We develop formulas for the window fill rate (probability for a customer to be served within a given time window) to measure the system’s performance and compute it for each repair model. The cost of outsourcing is the difference between the number of spares needed to maintain a target performance level when repair is internal and when it is outsourced. Results and Conclusions: In our numerical example, we show that the window fill rate in both models is S-shaped in the number of spares and show how the graph shifts to the right when customer tolerance decreases and order cycle time increases. Further, we show that the cost of outsourcing is increasing with customer tolerance and with the target performance level.
]]>Logistics doi: 10.3390/logistics8010033
Authors: Mohsin Ali Abdul Razaque Joon Yoo Uskenbayeva Raissa Kabievna Aiman Moldagulova Satybaldiyeva Ryskhan Kalpeyeva Zhuldyz Aizhan Kassymova
Background: The modern credit card system is critical, but it has not been fully examined to meet the unique financial needs of a constantly changing number of manufacturers and importers. Methods: An intelligent credit card system integrates the features of artificial intelligence and blockchain technology. The decentralized and unchangeable ledger of the Blockchain technology significantly reduces the risk of fraud while maintaining real-time transaction recording. On the other hand, the capabilities of AI-driven credit assessment algorithms enable more precise, effective, and customized credit choices that are specifically tailored to meet the unique financial profiles of manufacturers and importers. Results: Several metrics, including predictive credit risk, fraud detection, credit assessment accuracy, default rate comparison, loan approval rate comparison, and other important metrics affecting the credit card system, have been investigated to determine the effectiveness of modern credit card systems when using Blockchain technology and AI. Conclusion: The study of developing an intelligent scoring system for crediting manufacturers and importers of goods in Industry 4.0 can be enhanced by incorporating user adoption. The changing legislation and increasing security threats necessitate ongoing monitoring. Scalability difficulties can be handled by detailed planning that focuses on integration, data migration, and change management. The research may potentially increase operational efficiency in the manufacturing and importing industries.
]]>Logistics doi: 10.3390/logistics8010032
Authors: Sina Abbasi Ilias Vlachos Ali Samadzadeh Shayan Etemadifar Mohamad Afshar Mohsen Amra
Background: Supply chain networks (SCNs) have been interrupted by the COVID-19 pandemic, leaving them open to financial losses. SCs have been impacted by the pandemic, necessitating the adoption of sustainable practices and dynamic capacities to ensure resilience and performance. Several studies have focused on this subject, offering insights into the importance of sustainable supply-chain management, corporate governance, big data management activities, and digital technology in minimising the consequences of the pandemic and fostering sustainability. Methods: This study suggests an analytical framework for assessing environmentally friendly procedures and dynamic capacities to assure performance in a disruptive environment. Results: The following are some of the important details and contributions in this article: (1) developed a conceptual framework for assessing dynamic capacities and sustainable behaviours considering COVID-19, (2) concentrates on financial ratios during COVID-19, and (3) established drivers for sustainable practices and competencies during disruption and unpredictable business settings. Conclusions: The suggested model can assist practitioners in creating and implementing sustainable supply chain (SC) activities and tracking and assessing their effects on the sustainability of businesses. So, the proposed model can assist managers in creating and implementing sustainable supply-chain activities and tracking and analysing their effects on the sustainability of businesses.
]]>Logistics doi: 10.3390/logistics8010031
Authors: Fraser McLeod Tom Cherrett Andy Oakey Katherine Theobald Tim Waters Matt Grote John Armstrong Jack Denny Alex Murray
Background: Drone transport regulations in Europe require a crash-protected container (CPC) to be used for the carriage of dangerous goods. With increasing interest in the use of drones for medical logistics, the motivation behind this research was to investigate whether the existing approved medical carriers could also pass as CPCs. To date, there has been little practical experimentation on or theoretical research into the crash protection performance of medical containers. Methods: Addressing this gap, this paper reports findings from a series of drop test experiments to investigate the crashworthiness of a standard medical carrier bag used by the National Health Service (NHS) in the UK. Th drop tests were performed from heights of up to 122 m using standard medical carriers containing bags of dyed saline to examine the robustness of the carrier and whether it could contain any leakages, a key requirement for transporting dangerous goods. Results: The tests found that the medical carrier failed on some drops, with the zipped lid being identified as the main weakness. Conclusions: A new understanding of the carrier’s terminal velocity, impact acceleration, and failure mechanisms were gained and subsequent strengthening and waterproofing remedial measures recommended. New insights and practical recommendations are provided relating to performing formal drop tests and how to conduct these using a drone.
]]>Logistics doi: 10.3390/logistics8010030
Authors: Thomas K. Dasaklis Evangelia Kopanaki Panos T. Chountalas Nikolaos P. Rachaniotis Theodore G. Voutsinas Kyriakos Giannakis Gregory Chondrokoukis
Background: The electronic Freight Transport Information (eFTI) regulation is critical in modernizing freight transport (FT) within the European Union by establishing a framework for the electronic exchange of information. Despite its importance, there is a notable gap in the literature regarding the practical implementation challenges, especially from an empirical perspective. Methods: To address this gap, our study utilized a grounded theory approach, conducting interviews with a diverse group of logistics experts from Greece. The selection of experts was strategic to ensure a comprehensive range of knowledge and expertise, including insights at the policy level as well as practical experiences. Results: Our findings highlight several significant challenges in the implementation of eFTI, including the digital skill gap among the workforce, issues with system interoperability, and diverse capacities and resources of companies of different sizes. Economic factors, regulatory frameworks and the necessity for targeted training and leadership support were also identified as crucial for the digital transition. Conclusions: The study shows that uniform eFTI implementation may not work for all organizations, highlighting the necessity for customized strategies that address specific challenges in the FT chain. Our research deepens the understanding of these issues, providing actionable insights for successful eFTI adoption.
]]>Logistics doi: 10.3390/logistics8010029
Authors: Mojtaba Arab Momeni Vipul Jain Mehdi Bagheri
Background: The growing concern for environmental and social issues has led to a focus on designing sustainable supply chains and increasing industrial responsibility towards society. In this paper, a multi-objective mixed-integer programming model is presented for designing a sustainable closed-loop supply chain. The model is aimed at the minimization of the total cost with the total used facilities, the negative environmental impacts, and the maximization of the positive social impacts. Methods: The epsilon-constraint method is utilized for solving the model and further extracting the Pareto solutions. Results: The result of the research clearly shows an optimal trade-off between the conflicting objectives, where, by paying more attention to the social and environmental aspects of sustainability, the total costs are increased or by optimizing the number of facilities, a better balance between the dynamics associated with the short-term and long-term goals is reached. The results of the sensitivity analysis also show that increasing the demand of the supply chain has the greatest impact on the supply chain costs compared to other objectives. Conclusions: Consequently, investigating such comprehensive sustainable objectives provides better insights into the impact of design variables on the expectations of stakeholders.
]]>Logistics doi: 10.3390/logistics8010028
Authors: Antonios Paraskevas Michael Madas Vasileios Zeimpekis Konstantinos Fouskas
Background: Information and communication technologies (ICT) have introduced “smart” concepts across industries, including ports. Smart ports, leveraging IoT, cybersecurity, and cloud computing, are trending in maritime operations. They optimize data for informed decision-making, cutting costs, enhancing efficiency, mitigating risks, and fostering growth. Methods: To consolidate knowledge in this area, we are conducting a systematic literature review and meta-analysis using the PRISMA framework. Our goal is to synthesize existing insights, minimize biases, increase reliability, and effectively communicate our findings. To address the research needs mentioned, the current study focuses on implementing a systematic literature review (SLR). Results: The goals of this review are: (i) to present and describe the main categories and themes within the research topic, and (ii) to identify research gaps that will aid future research. Key findings include the identification and classification of current literature trends in the smart port performance evaluation framework and the examination of fundamental themes discussed within this area of research. Conclusions: In our review, we emphasize the smart port concept, clarifying its common interpretations amid the industry 4.0 revolution. We discuss recent advancements in emerging technologies and identify key challenges driving researchers’ exploration of the evolving smart port landscape.
]]>Logistics doi: 10.3390/logistics8010027
Authors: Md Shihab Shakur Maishat Lubaba Binoy Debnath A. B. M. Mainul Bari M. Azizur Rahman
Background: Fast-moving consumer goods (FMCG) supply chains are experiencing various challenges due to the interactions between consumers and decision-makers during physical distribution, manufacturing, wholesale and retail. One possible strategy to address these challenges for smoothing the supply chain (SC) and logistics operations is to adopt Industry 4.0 (I4.0) based technologies in the FMCG business processes. In this regard, digitalization and automation of the FMCG supply chain can be strengthened by the alluring properties of I4.0 technologies. Methods: This study identified nine significant challenges through a literature review and expert validation. Later, the challenges were evaluated using a novel multicriteria decision-making (MCDM) framework, the Bayesian best worst method (BWM). Results: The findings indicated that “requirement for substantial investment and resources”, “incompatible technological infrastructure” and “poorly structured value chain” are the most significant challenges to implementing I4.0 in the FMCG industry. Conclusions: The study is expected to significantly contribute to improving the FMCG supply chain’s resilience, sustainability, visibility, traceability and responsiveness. Additionally, the research can provide industrial practitioners valuable insights into implementing I4.0 in FMCG and similar sectors and thus promote SC sustainability and resilience in those industries.
]]>Logistics doi: 10.3390/logistics8010026
Authors: Mohamed Amjath Laoucine Kerbache James MacGregor Smith
Background: This study addresses optimising fleet size in a system with a heterogeneous truck fleet, aiming to minimise transportation costs in interfacility material transfer operations. Methods: The material transfer process is modelled using a closed queueing network (CQN) that considers heterogeneous nodes and customised service times tailored to the unique characteristics of various truck types and their transported materials. The optimisation problem is formulated as a mixed-integer nonlinear programming (MINLP), falling into the NP-Hard, making exact solution computation challenging. A numerical approximation method, a modified sequential quadratic programming (SQP) method coupled with a mean value analysis (MVA) algorithm, is employed to overcome this challenge. Validation is conducted using a discrete event simulation (DES) model. Results: The proposed analytical model tested within a steel manufacturing plant’s material transfer process. The results showed that the analytical model achieved comparable optimisation of the heterogeneous truck fleet size with significantly reduced response times compared to the simulation method. Furthermore, evaluating performance metrics, encompassing response time, utilisation rate, and cycle time, revealed minimal discrepancies between the analytical and the simulation results, approximately ±8%, ±8%, and ±7%, respectively. Conclusions: These findings affirm the presented analytical approach’s robustness in optimising interfacility material transfer operations with heterogeneous truck fleets, demonstrating real-world applications.
]]>Logistics doi: 10.3390/logistics8010025
Authors: Benjamin Nitsche Henry Kofi Mensah Frank Straube Vianney Barigye
Background: With a rapidly growing young population, the African continent provides a high but barely exploited economic potential. Creating an African free trade zone is one of the African Union’s major initiatives to increase prosperity. Even though the AfCFTA has already come into force, its potential has not yet been fully exploited. This study investigates the logistics challenges associated with the AfCFTA and potential solutions and development paths for future value chains. Methods: The study builds upon a two-stage research process. First, applying the Nominal Group Technique with a group of 19 industry experts, current challenges and strategies to deal with them are conducted, and statements about potential development paths emerging from the AfCFTA are synthesized. Second, a questionnaire among additional industry experts is done to assess the results of the first stage. Results: The article sheds light on the barely untapped field of logistics challenges hindering the AfCFTA to leverage its potential. Strategy fields to address current challenges are explained, and the first indications of how the AfCFTA will shape supply chains in the mid-term are outlined. Conclusions: The article underlines the importance of logistics in the development of pan-African value chains and highlights potential development paths that may arise in the medium term. It also emphasizes the growing need for cooperation between politics, business, and research to overcome current logistics challenges and leverage the potential of the AfCFTA.
]]>Logistics doi: 10.3390/logistics8010024
Authors: Eleni-Efthymia Psychogiou Giannis T. Tsoulfas
Background: Although trust is a well-studied topic in supply chain management, the case of the wine supply chain has not been adequately investigated. Methods: A hybrid approach combining qualitative and quantitative data analysis was adopted. The research was divided into two phases: (i) identification of critical factors based on the literature, and (ii) analysis of eight experts’ insights on those factors by employing the grey DEMATEL approach. Results: Fourteen factors that affect trust in the wine supply chain were identified based on the academic literature. From the analysis of the experts’ views, with the use of the grey DEMATEL approach, the factors were classified into two groups. The first group (nine factors) concerns the factors that affect the rest and the second group (five factors) concerns those which are affected by the former factors. Conclusions: The study of trust in the supply chain can be further improved by monitoring the trends in the sector and by engaging a wider audience of stakeholders. This approach can be applied to various regions in order to examine whether the situation is different from country to country. Stakeholders will have the necessary information to support their decisions and prioritize their objectives, aiming at improving the whole supply chain.
]]>Logistics doi: 10.3390/logistics8010023
Authors: Enna Hirata Annette Skovsted Hansen
Background: Autonomous ships have the potential to increase operational efficiency and reduce carbon footprints through technology and innovation. However, there is no comprehensive literature review of all the different types of papers related to autonomous ships, especially with regard to their integration with ports. This paper takes a systematic review approach to extract and summarize the main topics related to autonomous ships in the fields of container shipping and port management. Methods: A machine learning method is used to extract the main topics from more than 2000 journal publications indexed in WoS and Scopus. Results: The research findings highlight key issues related to technology, cybersecurity, data governance, regulations, and legal frameworks, providing a different perspective compared to human manual reviews of papers. Conclusions: Our search results confirm several recommendations. First, from a technological perspective, it is advised to increase support for the research and development of autonomous underwater vehicles and unmanned aerial vehicles, establish safety standards, mandate testing of wave model evaluation systems, and promote international standardization. Second, from a cyber–physical systems perspective, efforts should be made to strengthen logistics and supply chains for autonomous ships, establish data governance protocols, enforce strict control over IoT device data, and strengthen cybersecurity measures. Third, from an environmental perspective, measures should be implemented to address the environmental impact of autonomous ships. This can be achieved by promoting international agreements from a global societal standpoint and clarifying the legal framework regarding liability in the event of accidents.
]]>Logistics doi: 10.3390/logistics8010022
Authors: Victory Ikpe Mohammad Shamsuddoha
Background: The US retail sector grapples with persistent challenges related to supply chain waste, including inefficiencies, overstocking, and logistical barriers, necessitating targeted reduction strategies to mitigate escalating costs, environmental impacts, and diminished profitability. Methods: This study adopts a qualitative research method that draws on secondary data sources such as books, journals, articles, and websites to explore supply chain waste reduction strategies within the US retail industry. The study delineates various supply chain waste types, examines associated challenges and drivers, and proposes a simplified model tailored to the US retail landscape to enhance efficiency and sustainability through waste reduction and control. Results: The findings of this paper underscore the necessity for proactive measures within the US retail sector to minimize supply chain waste, optimize operations, and bolster environmental stewardship. Conclusions: By offering a comprehensive overview actionable insights and proposed reverse logistics model, this study aims to equip US retailers with strategies conducive to sustainable growth and heightened competitiveness while advancing the broader discourse on supply chain efficiency and waste reduction.
]]>Logistics doi: 10.3390/logistics8010021
Authors: Budi Harsanto Joval Ifghaniyafi Farras Egi Arvian Firmansyah Mahir Pradana Ardi Apriliadi
Background: The halal supply chain is a focused type of supply chain that ensures halal products throughout the entire process, from upstream to downstream. This paper aims to identify the innovative digital technology 4.0 utilized within the halal supply chain and understand its impact on firm performance, both financial and non-financial. Methods: A systematic review methodology was employed on the academic database of Scopus, resulting in 70 articles. We analyze the included articles with two main aspects that are of concern in this research, namely what technology is used in certain parts of the supply chain (procurement, manufacturing, distribution, and/or logistics), as well as the impact on firm performance (financial and/or non-financial); Results: Our findings reveal that the technologies widely used include blockchain technology, halal financial technology, and halal traceability system (RFID, IoT). Conclusions: Innovative digital technology has been implemented in the halal supply chain and has affected the firm’s performance both financially and non-financially. Future research is suggested to focus on investigations regarding holistic technology integration, quantitative analysis to measure the specific financial performance of firms adopting digital technologies, and the feasibility and importance of technology adoption for Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in the halal industry.
]]>Logistics doi: 10.3390/logistics8010020
Authors: Ayman Bahjat Abdallah Wafaa Shihadeh Al-Ghwayeen Esra’a M. Al-Amayreh Rateb J. Sweis
Background: This study investigated the impact of green supply chain management (GSCM) on circular economy (CE) performance. The mediating roles of three green innovation types, namely green product innovation, green process innovation, and green management innovation, are also examined. Methods: This study’s population comprised all companies in the manufacturing sector in Jordan. A simple random method was applied to gather data from 278 companies. The research model was evaluated in terms of validity and reliability, which were found to be satisfactory. Hayes’s PROCESS macro in IBM SPSS was applied for hypothesis testing. Results: The findings showed that GSCM directly and positively affected CE performance. Moreover, GSCM showed positive impacts on the three types of green innovation. In addition, the three innovation types demonstrated positive impacts on CE performance and proved to positively mediate the GSCM–CE performance relationship. Conclusions: The present study is the first, to the best of our knowledge, to examine the mediating effect of green innovations on the GSCM–CE performance relationship. It is also among the first to examine the impact of GSCM on three different types of green innovation that represent technological and non-technological innovations.
]]>Logistics doi: 10.3390/logistics8010019
Authors: Jérémie Katembo Kavota Luc Cassivi Pierre-Majorique Léger
Background: This study provides a comprehensive overview of current supply chain challenges and how they are taught within university circles or among supply chain professionals to simulate reality. Methods: The study applied a systematic literature review, using bibliometric co-citation and concept-centered content analysis for a comprehensive review of 118 relevant articles, leading to the identification of critical challenges in modern supply chain management. Results: These challenges include supplier selection and quality, supply chain networks, and sustainable supply chains. Supply chain educators are encouraged to use games that mirror real-world scenarios to teach these challenges. Results from this review underscore that existing games covered supply chain concepts such as the bullwhip effect, collaboration, networks, supplier selection, quality management, humanitarian logistics, sustainability, lean supply chain, Supply Chain 4.0, and perishable goods supply. Conclusions: The study’s contribution is to assist in selecting games tailored to the supply chain specific aspects and to guide developers in creating realistic games that address recent challenges in supply chain management. It recommends a holistic approach to enhance new supply chain game development, drawing from methodologies such as problem-based learning and Lego Serious Play. This multifaceted approach imparts practical knowledge and comprehensive skills for addressing supply chain intricacies in modern business settings.
]]>Logistics doi: 10.3390/logistics8010018
Authors: Alaa Fouad Momena Rakibul Haque Mostafijur Rahaman Soheil Salahshour Sankar Prasad Mondal
Background: Neutrosophic logic explicitly quantifies indeterminacy while also maintaining the independence of truth, indeterminacy, and falsity membership functions. This characteristic assumes an imperative part in circumstances, where dealing with contradictory or insufficient data is a necessity. The exploration of differential equations within the context of uncertainty has emerged as an evolving area of research. Methods: the solvability conditions for the first-order linear neutrosophic differential equation are proposed in this study. This study also demonstrates both the existence and uniqueness of a solution to the neutrosophic differential equation, followed by a concise expression of the solution using generalized neutrosophic derivative. As an application of the first-order neutrosophic differential equation, we discussed an economic lot sizing model in a neutrosophic environment. Results: This study finds the conditions for the existing solution of a first-order neutrosophic differential equation. Through the numerical simulation, this study also finds that the neutrosophic differential equation approach is much better for handling uncertainty involved in inventory control problems. Conclusions: This article serves as an introductory exploration of differential equation principles and their application within a neutrosophic environment. This approach can be used in any operation research or decision-making scenarios to remove uncertainty and attain better outcomes.
]]>Logistics doi: 10.3390/logistics8010017
Authors: Wuttichai Youngswaing Sajjakaj Jomnonkwao Ekkapong Cheunkamon Vatanavongs Ratanavaraha
Background: Environmental responsibility is a critical focus in business and production. International partners have urged Thai businesses to adhere to global standards in environmental and social accountability. Green logistics management focuses on minimizing costs and boosting competitive efficiency in the industrial sector, while also promoting environmental protection. This study investigates the factors influencing green logistics in the motor vehicle industry. Methods: A self-administered questionnaire was used for data collection from 1638 participants. Confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling were employed to identify causal links impacting green logistics effectiveness. Results: Findings indicate that government and organizational environmental policies, a company’s financial ability to implement green initiatives, commitment to eco-friendly investment, and public environmental attitudes significantly and directly affect the efficiency of green logistics. Conclusions: This research provides valuable insights for car manufacturers into key factors in green logistics management. These insights can help in developing strategic plans to achieve environmental sustainability in the context of future market competition.
]]>Logistics doi: 10.3390/logistics8010016
Authors: Natalia Khan Wei Deng Solvang Hao Yu
Background: Spare parts warehousing in the oil and gas industry is essential for offshore production. With the introduction of Industry 4.0 and its subsequent technological tools, new functions are enabled in industrial logistics activities. Efficiency, visibility, optimization, and productivity are often mentioned as benefits of successful Industry 4.0 technology implementation in logistics activities. In this paper, the implementation of Industry 4.0 technologies such as the Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) in spare parts warehousing in the oil and gas industry is studied. Method: 133 peer-reviewed journal publications indexed in Scopus and Web of Science are analyzed in a systematic literature review. The review is structured as frequency and content analysis. Aim: As there is limited research on this specific topic, the aim is for this paper to be a theoretical foundation that assists the industry with future solutions. Results: The list of benefits of implementation gathered from the literature is comprehensive. However, the list of challenges is particularly pertinent to the oil and gas industry and indicates a strong inclination towards limited and controlled implementation of some technologies. The safety demands of the industry mean there are many limitations to implementation currently. Conclusions: This paper reflects on the results, identifies research gaps, and gives proposals for future research.
]]>Logistics doi: 10.3390/logistics8010015
Authors: Ana Isabel Bento Carla Cruz Gabriela Fernandes Luís Miguel D. F. Ferreira
Background: Supply chains, characterized by complexity and sensitivity, require continuous mapping to address challenges, particularly disruptions like the COVID-19 pandemic. In this context, Social Network Analysis (SNA) has proven valuable in analyzing how actors in a network connect and create interdependencies. However, some studies suggest that the SNA literature needs to embrace new fields of application and develop innovative metrics. Methods: The aim of this study is to clarify the role and contribution of SNA when characterizing and understanding the challenges of contemporary supply chains. A literature review was conducted to achieve this. Results: The results reveal that SNA has been applied in a wide variety of areas (e.g., manufacturing and construction sectors), with an emerging application in the tertiary sector. Furthermore, the findings demonstrate that metrics related to the network and to nodes have been used repeatedly, highlighting the need for new supply-chain-related metrics, such as the novel concept of semi-directedness. Conclusions: Despite the versatility of SNA, some aspects may limit its application to supply chain management, including shortcomings in data acquisition and the fact that SNA only allows for the visualization of network configurations, thus preventing the capture of nuances that characterize the relationships between the actors involved.
]]>Logistics doi: 10.3390/logistics8010014
Authors: Cornelius Rüther Julia Rieck
Background: The Multi Depot Pickup and Delivery Problem with Time Windows and Heterogeneous Vehicle Fleets (MDPDPTWHV) is a strongly practically oriented routing problem with many real-world constraints. Due to its complexity, solution approaches with sufficiently good quality ideally contain several operators with certain probabilities.Thus, automatically selecting the best parameter configurations enhances the overall solution quality. Methods: To solve the MDPDPTWHV, we present a Grouping Genetic Algorithm (GGA) framework with several operators and population management variants. A Bayesian Optimization (BO) approach is introduced to optimize the GGA’s parameter configuration. The parameter tuning is evaluated on five data sets which differ in several structural characteristics and contain 1200 problem instances. The outcomes of the parameter-tuned GGA are compared to both the initial GGA parameter configuration and a state-of-the-art Adaptive Large Neighborhood Search (ALNS). Results: The presented GGA framework achieves a better solution quality than the ALNS, even for the initial parameter configuration used. The mean value of the relative error is less than 0.9% and its standard deviation is less than 1.31% for every problem class. For the ALNS, these values are up to three times higher and the GGA is up to 38% faster than the ALNS. Conclusions: It is shown that the BO, as a parameter tuning approach, is a good choice in improving the performance of the considered meta-heuristic over all instances in each data set. In addition, the best parameter configuration per problem class with the same characteristics is able to improve both the frequency of finding the best solution, as well as the relative error to this solution, significantly.
]]>Logistics doi: 10.3390/logistics8010013
Authors: Nikolaos Chondromatidis Anastasios Gialos Vasileios Zeimpekis Michael Madas
Background: Despite the general impression that digital order-picking supportive technologies can manage a series of emerging challenges, there is still a very limited amount of research concerning the implementation and evaluation of such technologies in manual picker-to-goods order-picking systems. Therefore, this paper aims to evaluate the performance of three alternative picker-to-goods technologies (i.e., Pick-by-Radio Frequency (RF) Scanner, Pick-to-light, and Pick-by-vision) in terms of completion time and perceived workload. Methods: The Design of Experiments (DoE) methodology is adopted to investigate order-picking technologies in terms of completion time. More specifically, a full factorial design has been used (23 × 3 full factorial design) for the assessment of the aforementioned order-picking technologies via laboratory testing. Furthermore, for the comparative assessment of the reviewed order-picking technologies in terms of workload, the NASA Task Load Index (NASA-TLX) is embraced by system users. Results: The results reveal that the best picker-to-goods technology in terms of order-picking completion time and perceived workload under certain laboratory setup is light picking when combined with few items per order line and many order lines per order. Conclusion: The paper successfully identified the best picker-to-goods technology, however it is important to mention that the adoption of such order-picking technology implies certain managerial implications that include training programs for employees to ensure they are proficient in using such technologies, upfront costs for purchasing and implementing the order picking system, and adjustments to existing workflows.
]]>Logistics doi: 10.3390/logistics8010012
Authors: Hana Ayadi Mounir Benaissa Nadia Hamani Lyes Kermad
Background: Urban freight transport has recently garnered significant attention from both professionals and academics due to its pivotal role in fostering economic and social development. Despite notable progress, this sector faces challenges that hinder its long-term sustainability. Addressing these issues and ensuring the lasting sustainability of urban freight transport require a thorough assessment and monitoring process utilizing specific indicators. Methods: This paper introduces a set of indicators developed using a three-step methodology aimed at assessing the sustainability progress of urban freight transport. Initially, we present a long list of indicators drawn from the existing literature. Subsequently, we consider five essential properties: achievability, data availability, predictability, relevance, and comprehensibility. Lastly, we apply a multi-criteria analysis methodology that utilizes these properties to assess the long lists encountered during the selection process. The chosen indicators are those that do not register a value of “0” for any of the specified properties. To enhance reliability, the indicators are collaboratively identified by a minimum of two experts. Results: By carefully selecting 18 indicators based on five sustainability dimensions (economic, environmental, social/societal, political, and spatial), our approach ensures a robust evaluation framework. Conclusions: These indicators serve as valuable tools for stakeholders in comprehensively evaluating the sustainability aspects of urban freight transport.
]]>Logistics doi: 10.3390/logistics8010011
Authors: Hassan Alkhiyami Laoucine Kerbache Majed Hadid
Background: Diverse marketing channels have been developed with the advent of digitalization. In the fresh food and grocery retail sector, consumers may have a large choice of channels to shop from. In this case, an analysis of their behavior is crucial for retailers. Therefore, the present paper provides a state-of-the-art review of existing papers dealing with consumers’ channel choice when buying groceries. Methods: A systematic literature review (SLR) is performed following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) procedure, identifying 36 research papers published in the last decade. Results: The results present the principal methodologies adopted by the analyzed research papers to address this topic, along with the various channels available to consumers to date. Other important outcomes of this review include the main variables that can affect consumer choice when deciding between the available channels and the limitations of the analyzed papers, along with suggestions for future research directions to address these limitations. Conclusions: This paper discusses the essential effects of consumers’ channel choice on the logistics and operation services of grocery retailers. It also provides an integrative framework linking the influencing factors of consumer choice with outcomes directly impacting grocery retailers’ logistics services.
]]>Logistics doi: 10.3390/logistics8010010
Authors: Abdullah M. Barasin Ammar Y. Alqahtani Anas A. Makki
Background: The retail sector has experienced significant growth in recent years, necessitating efficient supply chain management and sustainable logistics practices. Evaluating the performance of retail warehouses is crucial for meeting customer expectations and enhancing operational efficiency. Methods: This study employed a combined multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) approach, using the group best–worst method (G-BWM) for weighting criteria and ranking the alternatives based on the trace-to-median index (RATMI) for warehouse ranking. The performance criteria were cost, quality, time, productivity, and safety. Data were collected from four mega retail warehouses in the western region of Saudi Arabia for evaluation and analysis. Results: The evaluation of retail warehouse performance using the MCDM approach provided valuable insights for decision-makers and warehouse experts. The criteria weights were determined using the G-BWM, and the RATMI enabled the ranking of the warehouses based on their weighted performance scores. The results highlight the strengths and weaknesses of each warehouse, facilitating strategic planning, resource allocation, and operational improvements. Conclusions: This study presents a novel combined MCDM performance evaluation approach for retail warehouses. The study has implications for effective decision-making processes, resource allocation, and operational efficiency. Furthermore, it serves as a foundation for future research, exploring additional dimensions of warehouse performance and enabling sustainable logistics within the broader supply chain context.
]]>Logistics doi: 10.3390/logistics8010009
Authors: Majid Mehrabi Delshad Adel Pourghader Chobar Peiman Ghasemi Davoud Jafari
Background: A logistics network plan could be a major key issue due to its effect on supply chain effectiveness and responsiveness. This study aims to investigate the inventory location in the humanitarian logistics response stage using a three-level logistics network to integrate location–allocation problems such as warehouse location and shelter allocation to each facility, and then determine the inventory level in each warehouse. Methods: In this research, the center and its distribution, as well as the reduction in service-level costs due to inventory deficit, have been considered to increase the level of shelter services. In order to investigate the network, in this study, bi-objective mixed-integer linear programming (BOMILP) is presented. Results: The first objective is to reduce location costs and inventory costs that take into account probable demand, consumption factors, and transportation costs, and the second objective is to raise the level of services offered to victims in the model. The software programs GAMS win32, 25.1.2 and MATLAB have been utilized with numerical examples in various dimensions. Conclusions: To maximize the efficiency and quality of the service, first, the model was numerically solved, and then the location where the most commodities could be transported at the lowest possible cost was identified.
]]>Logistics doi: 10.3390/logistics8010008
Authors: Francisca Santana-Robles Eva Selene Hernández-Gress Ricardo Martínez-López Isidro Jesús González-Hernández
Background: In the context of humanitarian logistics, efficiently evacuating people from disaster-stricken areas is a complex challenge. This study focuses on the Tula River region in Hidalgo, Mexico, exploring the evacuation and support of individuals in temporary shelters. Despite the fact that the topic has been addressed in the literature, it is necessary to have quick response methods that can be used by decision-makers to adapt and utilize existing spaces as temporary shelters, in addition to knowing how to evacuate people. Methods: Addressing this void, a methodology to minimize evacuation and aid distribution costs is introduced. Leveraging existing algorithms, particularly Integer Linear Programming, the model determines shelter activation and utilizes the Vehicle Routing Problem to assess aid delivery strategies. Results: The research identifies optimal evacuation routes from 13 affected areas to 34 shelters and analyzes aid distribution costs under various demand scenarios: original, increased, and decreased by 10%, based on the number of transport units allocated and Google Maps distances. It also evaluates the costs associated with humanitarian aid distribution under varying collection strategies, involving state and municipal governments. Conclusion: This approach provides a decision-making foundation and can be adapted for similar analyses in other communities during extreme events.
]]>Logistics doi: 10.3390/logistics8010007
Authors: Károly Szabó László Szabó Richárd Kása
Background: Despite the fact that some results can be found for the logistics simulation in the literature, there is a lack of an experiment based on inner company data. Therefore, the study aimed to determine the potential need for this kind of solution by Zala County enterprises. Methods: As a first step, the paper presents the existing literature with the help of a literature review. Afterwards, questionnaire sampling was conducted among local enterprises. The paper applies several statistical methods (e.g., descriptive statistics, SPSS, exploratory factor analysis, and structural equation modeling) to the sample for the validation of the reorganization demand. Results: The study obtained a total of 147 complete responses from the 1022 invitations. An overwhelming majority of the respondents indicated regular and significant delays in their logistics processes, as well as the need for a new simulation method. Based on the SEM model, it has been observed that IT solutions are being utilized in an inefficient manner, resulting in logistical system issues and operational damages. Conclusion: The paper successfully identified a research gap, the research of which can have not only theoretical but also many practical benefits. Hopefully, the results will generate other academic research in this field.
]]>Logistics doi: 10.3390/logistics8010006
Authors: Pablo Emilio Mora Lozano Jairo R. Montoya-Torres
Background: For several years, two of the major concerns of logistics managers are (i) the visibility of global supply chains and (ii) the uncertainty in deciding which existing logistics security program is the most appropriate according to the security levels for their organization. This last decision is needed to ensure traceability and visibility of the supply chain. The purpose of this paper is to present an analysis of the main public and private supply chain security management programs in Latin America and the Caribbean. Methods: A qualitative and quantitative research methodology based on thematic content analysis is followed. The four main existing security programs in Latin America and the Caribbean are systematically compared and a common general framework is developed. Results: The analysis shows a high degree of similarity between the levels of security contained in the selected programs. Conclusions: We found that there is little guidance available for companies interested in managing security risks in their supply chains through these logistics’ security programs. This article contributes to the literature on logistics security programs that is currently gaining momentum in managing security risks in global supply chains and provides academic insights into the choice and/or complementarity of one or more logistics security programs.
]]>Logistics doi: 10.3390/logistics8010004
Authors: Fernando Pauli de Bastiani Thiago Guilherme Péra José Vicente Caixeta-Filho
Background: Brazil is one of the largest consumers of fertilizers and is highly dependent on the international market to meet its demand for agricultural production inputs. The complexity of the fertilizer supply chain motivated us to carry out this study on redesigning the fertilizer logistics chain and evaluate strategies for reducing logistics costs by redesigning the fertilizer mixing network in Brazil, a country that is heavily dependent on imported fertilizers for agriculture. Methods: We introduce a multi-product mixed-integer linear programming optimization model encompassing the logistics network, from import ports to mixing factories and agricultural fertilizer supply centers. This model includes logistics infrastructure and taxes, accounting for greenhouse gas emissions (specifically carbon dioxide) in fertilizer logistics. Results: The results indicate that expanding the port capacity for fertilizer importation can significantly reduce logistics costs and greenhouse gas emissions by up to 22.5%, decreasing by 23.9% compared to the baseline. We also observed that removing taxes on fertilizer importation can reduce logistics costs by approximately 11%, but it increases greenhouse gas emissions by 2.25% due to increased reliance on road transport. We identified 15 highly resilient regions for establishing mixing factories, evaluated various scenarios and determined the importance of these locations in optimizing the fertilizer supply network in the country. Moreover, the results suggest a significant potential to enhance the role of Brazil’s Northern Arc region in fertilizer import flows. Conclusions: Public policies and private initiatives could be directed toward encouraging the establishment of mixing factories in the identified regions and increasing transport capacity in the Northern Arc region. Improving the logistical conditions of the fertilizer network would contribute to food security by reducing the costs of essential inputs in food production and promoting sustainability by reducing greenhouse gas emissions.
]]>Logistics doi: 10.3390/logistics8010005
Authors: Hareer Fatima Ahmed Amin Hosseinian-Far Dilshad Sarwar Rasoul Khandan
Background: The dynamics of supply chain networks have changed due to increasing complexities. Global expansions and knowledge transfer in supply chain networks bring efficiency and effectiveness to companies. However, the probability of supply chain complexity has also been seen increasing. The barriers to sustainable supply chain networks need to be tackled in an effective manner as they impact business operations. Therefore, it is essential to eliminate and reduce the supply chain complexities, as it will facilitate the process of knowledge transfer and increase the implementation of sustainable practises in supply chain networks. In the previous research, four supply chain complexity drivers were identified. Previous research identified four supply chain complexity drivers by conducting a systematic review. This study investigates which of the four complexity drivers impacts knowledge transfer in the context of the food supply chain sector. Methods: In this research, knowledge transfer is therefore examined from the perspective of sustainable food supply chains. Thirty exploratory qualitative interviews were conducted in this study and analysed using Nvivo (v12) software. This study utilised thematic analysis techniques for the evaluation of the interviews to gather results. Results: The results illustrated six main factors classified under broad categories: integration of Knowledge Transfer, incorporation of technological advancements in supply chain networks, supply chain complexity solutions, supply chain complexity drivers, sustainable supply chain networks, and capability to reduce supply chain complexity. The findings of this study highlight that process complexity significantly influences the process of knowledge transfer in food supply chain networks. The research findings contribute to both academic and practical domains. This study contributes to the aggregation of supply chain complexity and its impact on Knowledge Transfer. Additionally, the findings support supply chain networks, which strive to achieve efficient Knowledge Transfer to attain sustainable value in business operations. Conclusion: This study has proven that robust knowledge transfer reduces supply chain complexity as it makes supply chain systems more resilient and well-coordinated in many potential ways.
]]>Logistics doi: 10.3390/logistics8010003
Authors: Tekalign Lemma Woldesilassiea Hirpa G. Lemu Endalkachew Mosisa Gutema
Background: The objective of this literature review is to systematically explore the supply chain (SC)-related issues of additive manufacturing (AM)-based production processes. For SC sustainability, efficiency, and performance improvements, the adoptation of disruptive technologies like AM plays a vital role, because the product’s SC benefits in terms of reduced total lead time and costs. Methods: To explore the state-of-the-art influences of AM on the SC in this study, 978 papers published in peer-reviewed journals from 2004 to 2023 were retrieved, and 70 of these were identified as the most relevant and then reviewed. Results: As an outcome, the results of this review paper indicated a lack of documented studies in developing countries and, as a result, limited research works, for instance, in fashion industries were observed. In addition, AM best practices in the SC context have been identified and categorized as cost-related, time-related, inventor-related, as well as energy-, waste-, and environment-related factors, SC efficiency factors, and flexibility, marketing, and manufacturing-related factors. Conclusions: By identifying these categories, the study aims to contribute to the efforts of transforming traditional manufacturing into AM-based processes, for which a framework for the AM SC implementation is developed. In summary, the systematic review indicated that further research work is needed on the impacts of the identified AM best practices on SC performance.
]]>Logistics doi: 10.3390/logistics8010002
Authors: Majid Mohammed Kunambi Hongxing Zheng
Background: This research conducts a contextual comparative analysis between Dar es Salaam and Mombasa ports, employing a hybrid data envelopment analysis (DEA) model that integrates the contextual value-added approach (CVA). The assessment incorporates various inputs (quay length, number of cranes, and storage area) and outputs (number of ship calls and cargo throughput) to compute efficiency scores, offering nuanced insights into the strengths, weaknesses, and areas for improvement of both ports. Methods: The hybrid DEA model with CVA is applied to calculate efficiency scores, considering the diverse inputs and outputs. This approach allows for a comprehensive evaluation of the relative performance of Dar es Salaam and Mombasa ports. The study also explores the influence of trade-related externalities on port efficiency, providing a holistic understanding of the factors shaping the ports’ operational effectiveness. Results: The efficiency scores depict distinctive performance trends between Dar es Salaam and Mombasa ports. Notably, Dar es Salaam exhibits maximum efficiency (efficiency value of 1) in 2018 and 2021, while Mombasa attains optimal performance (efficiency value of 1) in 2021. However, efficiency values fluctuate for both ports in other years, ranging between 0.895 and 0.985 for Mombasa and 0.924 and 0.960 for Dar es Salaam. Conclusions: This study highlights the dynamic efficiency levels of Dar es Salaam and Mombasa ports over multiple years and identifies critical factors influencing their performance. The findings contribute valuable insights to the field of port analysis, offering guidance to port management and policymakers in optimizing the efficiency and competitiveness of these vital maritime hubs.
]]>Logistics doi: 10.3390/logistics8010001
Authors: Jamal Alnsour Abdullah Radwan Arabeyyat Khalil Al-Hyari Sakher A. I. Al-Bazaiah Reeman Aldweik
Background: The global concern for the environment and sustainable development goals has led to a growing focus on the increasing activities of city logistics. This research study aims to evaluate the current state of city logistics within the framework of sustainable development and analyze the key factors that impact the efficient management of city logistics in Jordan. Methods: To achieve these research objectives, a quantitative approach utilizing a survey questionnaire was employed. The findings emphasize a significant disparity between current practices in city logistics and desired outcomes, indicating an urgent need for improvement in cost reduction, enhancement of quality of life, and promotion of sustainability. Results: The results reveal that the performance of urban authorities in managing city logistics is influenced by various factors, including regulatory inefficiencies, suboptimal human resource performance, deficiencies in information systems, and challenges related to coordination amongst stakeholders. Conclusions: Consequently, this paper puts forth actionable recommendations for improving city logistics management, which involve amending existing regulations, implementing comprehensive training programs for employees, strengthening infrastructure for information systems, and fostering robust communication channels between urban authorities and stakeholders.
]]>Logistics doi: 10.3390/logistics7040102
Authors: Agus Usman Yudi Azis Budi Harsanto Anton Mulyono Azis
Background: Airport service quality and service orientation are important aspects of managing passenger satisfaction and airport image. The aim of this paper is to analyze the influence of service orientation and airport service quality on airport image through passenger satisfaction as an intervention variable. Methods: The survey was conducted on 356 passengers at the departure area and lounge. Samples were taken at five major airports in Indonesia, including Soekarno Hatta International Airport. To test the influence of exogenous variables on endogenous variables through intervening variables, a quantitative testing analysis test was carried out using the structural equation model partial least square (SEM-PLS). Result: The research results show that service orientation has a significant and positive effect on airport service quality, passenger satisfaction, and airport image. Moreover, service quality also has a positive effect on passenger satisfaction and the airport’s image. Empirically, passenger satisfaction has been proven to mediate the influence of service quality and service orientation on airport image. It has been proven that airport operators who focus on passengers through service orientation can increase passenger satisfaction and the airport’s image. Conclusions: Focusing on passengers’ needs while at the airport is an important aspect for airport operators who aim to manage their emotions, which encourages passengers to use paid services while in the waiting room. The use of this paid service will directly increase the airport’s aeronautical revenue. Future research needs to consider the influence of image on purchase intention and return to the airport.
]]>Logistics doi: 10.3390/logistics7040101
Authors: Ratko Stanković Tomislav Pereglin Tomislav Erdelić
Background: Road transport companies utilize transport capacities as fixed compositions of tractors and semi-trailers, while the possibility of exchanging semi-trailers is considered ad hoc, after some unforeseen circumstances emerge on the route. Such an approach is a limiting factor in achieving optimal utilization of transport capacities, and consequently affects profitability. We proposed a new concept of vehicle fleet management where semi-trailers would not be permanently assigned to the tractors, but could be dynamically reassigned, to utilize optimally the vehicle fleet, on considering the planned itinerary, the driver’s working hours, and traffic conditions. Methods: We set the key performance indicators and developed a prototype application based on the concept of dynamic semi-trailer allocation. We simulated the use of the prototype application on the historical data collected in the case study on one of the leading transport companies in the cold chain, and evaluated the benefits that may be achieved thereof. Results: Simulation showed that implementing the proposed concept enabled the reduction of the vehicle workdays spent on-the-route, the reduction of the number of vehicle compositions needed to handle the transport demand, and improved the quality of service. Conclusions: The proposed concept is beneficial for transport companies that operate large vehicle fleets on long-haul routes, with several transport orders per route. The prototype application may be the basis for developing a fully functional application that can be integrated into the fleet management system.
]]>Logistics doi: 10.3390/logistics7040100
Authors: Denisse Domínguez-Alfaro Ismael Mendoza-Muñoz Mildrend Ivett Montoya-Reyes Olivia Yessenia Vargas-Bernal Gabriela Jacobo-Galicia
The Integral Ergonomic-Value Stream Mapping (Ergo-VSM) methodology is introduced in this study, which is tailored for the metal-mechanic sector and aims to assess the operational and ergonomic conditions of production processes. The methodology is designed to identify ergonomic risks and propose an improvement plan to increase productivity by integrating ergonomic measurement instruments aligned with official standards and lean manufacturing tools such as VSM and Kaizen. The study, which was conducted in a metal-mechanical MSME (micro, small and medium enterprises), resulted in an 11.8% overall improvement in psychosocial risk factors, a 4.4% increase in productivity with a 1.96-h reduction in cycle time, and a 20% decrease in reported quality rejections. Notably, the study shows that the Integral Ergo-VSM can be implemented in a variety of organizational contexts, ensuring adaptability without jeopardizing the methodology’s core objectives.
]]>Logistics doi: 10.3390/logistics7040099
Authors: Kim Häring Carina Pimentel Leonor Teixeira
Background: Industry 4.0 signifies a profound global transformation in production and service activities through its novel organizational principles, including digital connectivity, information transparency, technical assistance, and decentralized decision making. This transformation poses significant challenges for businesses, particularly small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). In response, maturity models have been developed and adapted to facilitate a transparent and supportive entry into this transformative domain. Method/Aim: This study is dedicated to the comprehensive analysis of Industry 4.0 maturity models through a systematic literature review to identify and evaluate previously published recommendations for the adoption and utilization of Industry 4.0. The aim is to provide valuable insights in this context, with a particular focus on easing entry into this domain for SMEs. Results: Quantitative findings reveal a growing demand for fundamental support when entering this domain, with maturity models capable of meeting the demand for structured guidance. However, these models are currently under-validated, lacking transparency, and are often unsuitable for SMEs. Qualitative results categorize numerous insights and recommendations into ten distinct categories related to Industry 4.0. Conclusions: This paper provides a structured summary to support newcomers, research institutions, and businesses in effectively initiating and optimizing their Industrsy 4.0 activities.
]]>Logistics doi: 10.3390/logistics7040098
Authors: Bahram Alidaee Haibo Wang Lutfu S. Sua
Background: Last-mile delivery (LMD) is a challenging and costly supply chain process that involves direct customer interaction. In a recent study by the World Economic Forum, it was emphasized that last-mile logistics is an emerging research area. In particular, the European Commission Directorate General for Energy and Transport provides guidelines for abnormal road transport, such as heavy, bulky, and oversized (HBO) products. In the last few years, many research articles have been published on the topic of LMD. Several literature review studies from the perspective of different stakeholders have also been published. The delivery of HBO products is more challenging in many ways compared to parcel delivery. Although HBO products yield the most profitable sales, the LMD of HBOs is less studied compared to parcel deliveries. Methods: This research employed a descriptive review method to scan 195 published articles and reports related to LMD and HBOs. Results: Our results identified the challenges in the field and identified the need for separate approaches for different customer segments, such as rural and urban customers, as well as older and younger customers, when formulating delivery strategies. Conclusions: This paper highlights the research gap in this field by using a descriptive literature review methodology and presents academic contributions available so far, as well as challenges for further research.
]]>Logistics doi: 10.3390/logistics7040097
Authors: Al-Amin Abba Dabo Amin Hosseinian-Far
Background: This paper explores the potential of Industry 5.0 in driving societal transition to a circular economy. We focus on the strategic role of reverse logistics in this context, underlining its significance in optimizing resource use, reducing waste, and enhancing sustainable production and consumption patterns. Adopting sustainable industrial practices is critical to addressing global environmental challenges. Industry 5.0 offers opportunities for achieving these goals, particularly through the enhancement of reverse logistics processes. Methods: We propose an integrated methodology that combines binary logistic regression and decision trees to predict and optimize reverse logistics flows and networks within the Industry 5.0 framework. Results: The methodology demonstrates effective quantitative modeling of influential predictors in reverse logistics and provides a structured framework for understanding their interrelations. It yields actionable insights that enhance decision-making processes in supply chain management. Conclusions: The methodology supports the integration of advanced technologies and human-centered approaches into industrial reverse logistics, thereby improving resource sustainability, systemic innovation, and contributing to the broader goals of a circular economy. Future research should explore the scalability of this methodology across different industrial sectors and its integration with other Industry 5.0 technologies. Continuous refinement and adaptation of the methodology will be necessary to keep pace with the evolving landscape of industrial sustainability.
]]>Logistics doi: 10.3390/logistics7040096
Authors: Khoiron Khulud Ilyas Masudin Fien Zulfikarijah Dian Palupi Restuputri Abdul Haris
Background: The primary objective of this study was to examine the advancements in sustainable supplier selection through multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) from the years 2013 to 2022. In the recent past, researchers have carried out a significant amount of research in this field over the course of several years; Methods: a total of 121 scientific publications sourced from the Scopus database were chosen for analysis, employing the bibliometric method and graphical visualization of the VOS viewer application to visually analyze and map research networks and collaboration patterns, aiding in the evaluation of scientific impact and knowledge dissemination; Results: the findings of this study indicate that the research trend in sustainable supplier selection through MCDM witnessed its most significant growth in the year 2019. Researchers predominantly disseminated their scientific findings through articles, accounting for 81% of the publications, followed by conference papers at 14%, and book chapters at 2.5%; Conclusions: the primary area of focus in these studies pertains to decision-making processes involved in sustainable supplier selection. The implications and theoretical contributions derived from this research, coupled with the latest advancements, serve as a foundation for further exploration and development of sustainable supplier selection research through MCDM.
]]>Logistics doi: 10.3390/logistics7040095
Authors: Silvia Colabianchi Margherita Bernabei Francesco Costantino Elpidio Romano Andrea Falegnami
Background: Endogenous and exogenous factors impact the operational characteristics of supply chains, affecting wholesale warehouses. The survival of a warehouse is often threatened by disruptive events that alter infrastructure and performance. The emergence of COVID-19 exemplified the need for adaptability in retail goods supply chains, emphasizing the necessity for responding to external shocks. Methods: The MARLIN (Method wArehouse ResiLience dIstruptioN) method, founded on theories and models of resilience engineering is introduced. MARLIN is a practical tool designed to identify key areas requiring intervention in response to disruptive events. An empirical test was conducted in an Italian warehouse. Results: The conducted test yielded tangible results, demonstrating the efficacy of the method. It successfully pinpointed areas necessitating intervention and identified Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) associated with disruptions. The study not only underscores the importance of data collection but also highlights the often-overlooked significance of warehouse management. Conclusions: The study establishes MARLIN as a valuable asset for stakeholders involved in disruption management. Its application has proven instrumental in recognizing areas of intervention and identifying KPIs related to disruptions. Ongoing research endeavors to broaden its applicability across diverse supply chain scenarios, aiming to enhance situational awareness and enable proactive risk assessment through what-if analysis.
]]>Logistics doi: 10.3390/logistics7040094
Authors: Abu Elnasr E. Sobaih Ahmed AlSaif
Background: The logistics industry is keen to meet customer expectations, which in turn supports trade by enhancing business competitiveness and promoting economic development. Logistics companies realized that fulfillment of customer needs has a significant effect on their business survival, their sales and ultimately their profits. This research analyzes the variables that influence customer satisfaction with parcel delivery services in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA), particularly the SERVQUAL dimensions: tangibility, reliability, responsiveness, assurance, and empathy. The research also examined whether national culture affects customer perceptions of parcel delivery services in KSA or not. Methods: The research collected data using a self-administered survey, which was directed at a sample of customers in the KSA, who had recent experience with parcel delivery services. Results: The results of statistical analysis showed that the best predicators of customer satisfaction are reliability, followed by the dimensions of empathy, then tangibility and finally responsiveness. In addition, the results showed significant differences in customers’ overall satisfaction between Saudis and non-Saudis. Saudis were more satisfied with the service than non-Saudis were. Conclusions: This research showed the key role of national culture in perceiving parcel delivery service quality in KSA. The findings provide important messages to the administrators of the logistics services in KSA, which have become crucial for the Saudi Vision 2030. They need to customize their service according to customer needs and provide regular training for their staff to be supportive, reliable and have the credibility to deliver services as promised.
]]>Logistics doi: 10.3390/logistics7040093
Authors: Panuwat Wisutwattanasak Thanapong Champahom Sajjakaj Jomnonkwao Manlika Seefong Kestsirin Theerathitichaipa Rattanaporn Kasemsri Vatanavongs Ratanavaraha
Background: Scholars have indicated differences in the attitudes of urban and non-urban populations, especially after the COVID-19 outbreak, which extend to their needs and expectations regarding rail transport development. The aim of this study is to enhance the quality of train services in the post-pandemic era, and multigroup analysis will be applied to achieve the difference in area context. Methods: The research data were collected from rail transport users throughout Thailand, consisting of 665 urban and 935 rural users. The questionnaires primarily focused on user expectations regarding rail service quality and travel conditions in the post-pandemic landscape using multigroup confirmatory factor analysis (MCFA). Results: The results unveiled significant variations in user trends and needs across different contexts and areas. In urban settings, there was a notably higher overall service expectation compared to rural areas. Specifically, urban users prioritized factors such as accessibility and service empathy, whereas rural rail users placed greater emphasis on staff quality and reasonable pricing. Conclusions: These findings furnish rail transport service agencies with valuable insights and guidance for comprehending their users’ needs. They can develop appropriate organizational strategies, service quality enhancements, and policy adjustments tailored to the unique demands of urban and rural areas in the post-pandemic era, thereby ensuring sustainability. Additionally, the methodology of multigroup analysis served as a significant scientific contribution; this showed that the statistical analysis of different area contexts in the study should not be ignored.
]]>Logistics doi: 10.3390/logistics7040092
Authors: Hossein Abbaspour Carsten Drebenstedt
Backgrounds: The transportation system within any mining project, which is responsible for delivering extracted ore to the crushing units or wastes to the wasting dumps as the destinations, poses a significant challenge in mining processes. On one hand, there are various transportation systems, notably the Truck–Shovel, the traditional method, and relatively newer and less common In-Pit Crushing and Conveying (IPCC) systems. On the other hand, choosing the most suitable system for a specific mining project depends on various factors, with technical aspects being one of the most critical. While there is extensive research on the Truck–Shovel system from a technical perspective, there is relatively limited research on IPCC systems. Methods: This research aims to carry out a comparative analysis of different transportation systems, encompassing Truck–Shovel, Fixed In-Pit Crushing and Conveying (FIPCC), Semi-Fixed In-Pit Crushing and Conveying (SFIPCC), Semi-Mobile In-Pit Crushing and Conveying (SMIPCC), and Fully Mobile In-Pit Crushing and Conveying (FMIPCC) systems. To achieve this goal, a technical index is introduced, which is based on three elements: the availability and the utilization of the system, as well as the consumption of power. This index will be developed as a system dynamics model, enabling the observation of each system’s performance throughout the operational lifespan of the mine. Results: Ultimately, based on the proposed method, the most effective transportation system based on the defined technical index can be identified at any time of the project. In this research, the Truck–Shovel system generally selected as the most preferred transportation system, except for two different periods. Conclusions: This study could successfully perform the selection among different transportation systems. Nevertheless, it was modeled and performed in a deterministic environment, but still the stochastic nature of the processes can be another topic of research.
]]>Logistics doi: 10.3390/logistics7040091
Authors: João Reis
Background: Material Requirements Planning (MRP) is critical in Supply Chain Management (SCM), facilitating effective inventory management and meeting production demands in the manufacturing sector. Despite the potential benefits of automating the MRP tasks to meet the demand for expedited and efficient management, the field appears to be lagging behind in harnessing the advancements offered by Artificial Intelligence (AI) and sophisticated programming languages. Consequently, this study aims to address this gap by exploring the applications of Python in simplifying the MRP processes. Methods: This article offers a twofold approach: firstly, it conducts research to uncover the potential applications of the Python code in streamlining the MRP operations, and the practical examples serve as evidence of Python’s efficacy in simplifying the MRP tasks; secondly, this article introduces a conceptual framework that showcases the Python ecosystem, highlighting libraries and structures that enable efficient data manipulation, analysis, and optimization techniques. Results: This study presents a versatile framework that integrates a variety of Python tools, including but not limited to Pandas, Matplotlib, and Plotly, to streamline and actualize an 8-step MRP process. Additionally, it offers preliminary insights into the integration of the Python-based MRP solution (MRP.py) with Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) systems. Conclusions: While the article focuses on demonstrating the practicality of Python in MRP, future endeavors will entail empirically integrating MRP.py with the ERP systems in small- and medium-sized companies. This integration will establish real-time data synchronization between the Python and ERP systems, leading to accurate MRP calculations and enhanced decision-making processes.
]]>Logistics doi: 10.3390/logistics7040090
Authors: Rogier Pennings Bart Wiegmans Tejo Spit
Background: How can flexible applications of the space and infrastructure of urban distribution centers (UDCs) be organized to help lower demands on space and infrastructure in cities? The application of flexible use of space and infrastructure can improve the efficiency of a UDC, but the challenge lies in the organization of the application of flexibility. Methods: The goal of this research was to identify how flexibility can be organized to impact overall societal benefits for the stakeholders in UDCs. This explorative and qualitative research was applied to the case of Food Center Amsterdam. Results: The results show that stakeholders have a limited understanding of the potential that flexibility can offer; that there is a need for an independent organizing capability and responsibility for collaboration on flexibility; and that a clear way to divide costs, benefits, risks, and opportunities in relation to stakeholder interests is required. Conclusions: Overall, flexibility shows potential to improve the efficient use of infrastructure and space. Further research avenues include the initiation of an organizing capability and distribution method for costs, benefits, risks, and opportunities between stakeholders. The remaining question is, can we get this organized in order to do more with less?
]]>Logistics doi: 10.3390/logistics7040089
Authors: Mathew Azarian Hao Yu Asmamaw Tadege Shiferaw Tor Kristian Stevik
Background: Systematic literature review (SLR) is increasingly utilized to maximize the element of rigor and minimize the individual bias of research synthesis. An analysis of the Web of Science (WoS) database indicates that 90% of the literature review studies using SLR have been published between 2012 and 2022. However, this progressive agenda is impaired by the lack of methodological consistency and rigorousness. To fill this gap, this paper aims at mapping the theoretical comprehension and practices of SLR and providing a stepwise approach to employing such a framework. Methods: A comprehensive narrative review is used in this paper to analyze the studies concerning the literature review typology and the structural assessment of the SLR. Furthermore, the methodological approach of the literature review studies that adopted the SLR and were published in the Logistics journal is assessed across a set of vital criteria associated with conducting an SLR. Results: There is a concrete link between the purpose of a review, i.e., to describe, test, extend, or critique, and the literature review type. There are 17 distinct literature review types, e.g., a narrative review, a bibliometric analysis, etc., which must be justified meticulously regardless of the SLR. The ambiguity in conceiving the SLR either as a toolkit or a review type, the lack of justification regarding the review purpose and type, and vague conceptual distinguishment between the bibliometric analysis, as a distinct review type, and the SLR framework, are only a few of the shortcomings observed in the analyzed papers. Conclusions: Given the significant role of SLR in elevating the element of rigor within the literature review studies, it is deemed essential to employ this framework by paying attention to two holistic factors: (1) theoretical distinction between the literature review purpose, the literature review type, and the SLR; (2) strict adherence to the SLR procedure with a high degree of accuracy and explicitness.
]]>Logistics doi: 10.3390/logistics7040088
Authors: Emad Sadoon Uday Venkatadri Alireza Ghasemi
Background: Logistics management in the clinical trials industry is a very challenging undertaking because it involves multiple stakeholders, complex processes, diverse software applications, intensive white-collar jobs, and onerous quality standards. Current business practices are inefficient and difficult to automate technologies. Methods: This paper reviews the theories and concepts of clinical trials logistics management. The inefficiencies in current logistics management industry are then addressed by building a conceptual framework based on contemporary software tools and architectures, such as web portals, software agents, business process management system, project cards, and resource cards, all interacting with specialized software applications such as accounting, inventory, and label design software. The framework supports data analysis at multiple levels of decision making. To this end, a project planning tool for facilitating and optimizing the operational planning in this industry is designed and presented. Results: The planning tool also contributes to the literature by contrasting several different resource scenarios such as the shared pool, dedicated resources for each project, and the creation of several work groups with dedicated resources. These are Pareto trade-offs. Conclusions: A framework employing a business process management is proposed for clinical trials logistics management. Different managerial scenarios with shared, dedicated, and work group resources are investigated using a case study.
]]>Logistics doi: 10.3390/logistics7040087
Authors: Ahmed Talaat Mohamed Gheith Amr Eltawil
Background: In container terminals, optimizing the scheduling of external trucks and yard cranes is crucial as it directly impacts the truck turnaround time, which is one of the most critical performance measures. Furthermore, proper scheduling of external trucks contributes to reducing CO2 emissions. Methods: This paper proposes a new approach based on a mixed integer programming model to schedule external trucks and yard cranes with the objective of minimizing CO2 emissions and reducing truck turnaround time, the gap between trucking companies’ preferred arrival time and appointed time, and the energy consumption of yard cranes. The proposed approach combines data analysis and operations research techniques. Specifically, it employs a K-means clustering algorithm to reduce the number of necessary truck trips for container handling. Additionally, a two-stage mathematical model is applied. The first stage employs a bi-objective mathematical model to plan the arrival of external trucks at the terminal gates. The second stage involves a mathematical model that schedules yard cranes’ movements between different yard blocks. Results: The results show that implementing this methodology in a hypothetical case study may lead to a substantial daily reduction of approximately 31% in CO2 emissions. Additionally, the results provide valuable insights into the trade-off between satisfying the trucking companies’ preferred arrival time and the total turnaround time. Conclusions: The integration of data clustering with mathematical modeling demonstrates a notable reduction in emissions, underscoring the viability of this strategy in promoting sustainability in port-related activities.
]]>Logistics doi: 10.3390/logistics7040086
Authors: Fábio Polola Mamede Roberto Fray da Silva Irineu de Brito Junior Hugo Tsugunobu Yoshida Yoshizaki Celso Mitsuo Hino Carlos Eduardo Cugnasca
Background: Transportation demand forecasting is an essential activity for logistics operators and carriers. It leverages business operation decisions, infrastructure, management, and resource planning activities. Since 2015, there has been an increase in the use of deep learning models in this domain. However, there is a gap in works comparing traditional statistics and deep learning models for transportation demand forecasts. This work aimed to perform a case study of aggregated transportation demand forecasts in 54 distribution centers of a Brazilian carrier. Methods: A computational simulation and case study methods were applied, exploring the characteristics of the datasets through autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) and its variations, in addition to a deep neural network, long short-term memory, known as LSTM. Eight scenarios were explored while considering different data preprocessing methods and evaluating how outliers, training and testing dataset splits during cross-validation, and the relevant hyperparameters of each model can affect the demand forecast. Results: The long short-term memory networks were observed to outperform the statistical methods in ninety-four percent of the dispatching units over the evaluated scenarios, while the autoregressive integrated moving average modeled the remaining five percent. Conclusions: This work found that forecasting transportation demands can address practical issues in supply chains, specially resource planning management.
]]>Logistics doi: 10.3390/logistics7040085
Authors: Md Mahfuzur Rahman Rubayet Karim Md. Moniruzzaman Md. Afjal Hossain Hammad Younes
Background: A hospital’s operating theater service system is a large-scale, complicated system that must be carefully managed to offer the best possible results for its patients. Unlike other industries such as manufacturing and logistics, system dynamics (SD) methodologies are not extensively applied in hospital operating theaters. This study deals with the future development and possible future scenarios for hospital operating rooms in Bangladesh. Methods: Due to demographic dynamics and demographic processes, increased pressures on hospital care are expected in Bangladesh. The SD model anticipates possible future scenarios, reconciles service capacities and the variability of patient demand, and reduces patient congestion and waiting times in the hospital area. This study introduces a causal loop diagram to show a causal link between the hospital operating theater system variables. It also introduces a stock flow diagram to understand the dynamic behavior of the system. Results: The model validation testing reports that in extreme conditions, such as a 50% reduction in the patient arrival rate, the model is valid and runs as usual. Conclusions: This first work of SD modeling for hospital operating theater systems can help healthcare managers, decision makers, or researchers of any responsibility level make better predictions in order to reduce patient waiting times and backlogs and make appropriate decisions.
]]>Logistics doi: 10.3390/logistics7040084
Authors: Adedotun Joseph Adenigbo Joash Mageto Rose Luke
Background: The air cargo logistics industry has been deemed reluctant to adopt new technologies for their business operations. So, this study aims to examine the adoption of technological innovations in the air cargo logistics industry in South Africa. The specific objective is to emphasise the effects of technologies on air cargo logistics operations to address the reluctance to adopt technological innovations in the industry. Methods: A questionnaire survey was conducted randomly on three hundred and seventy-three (373) cargo agents at the OR Tambo International Airport. The data were subjected to a nonparametric test with Kruskal–Wallis, exploratory factor analysis and regression analysis to explore the effects of technologies for prompt adoption and implementation of emerging innovations that enhance quality service delivery. Results: The study found that promptly adopting emerging technological innovations in the air cargo logistics industry promotes efficient operations, improves warehousing, and enhances cargo delivery services for customer satisfaction. Also, the study established that technologically driven operations and warehousing are significant determinants of quality service delivery in the air cargo logistics industry. Conclusions: This study encourages the prompt adoption and implementation of technological innovations for improved quality service delivery, customer satisfaction, and loyalty in the air cargo logistics industry.
]]>Logistics doi: 10.3390/logistics7040083
Authors: Benjamin Nitsche Frank Straube
The management of international logistics networks poses major challenges for companies [...]
]]>Logistics doi: 10.3390/logistics7040082
Authors: Henriett Matyi Péter Tamás
Background: As a result of the effort to satisfy unique customer needs, the complexity of production and service processes is constantly increasing. In this context, the requirements for packaging systems, essential for carrying out logistic tasks, are also diversifying, and various quality defects and problems are appearing more and more frequently. Methods: The research used an inductive method. While practical problems were being solved, the need for developing the concept of a packaging inspection framework arose, the lack of which was also supported by a systematic literature review. Results: During the concept’s development, packaging errors found in the literature were identified and methods for detection and solution were systematized. A general framework was developed to identify and eliminate these errors. The applicability of the developed method was demonstrated through a complex case study, and its accuracy was verified. Conclusions: This research is important because, instead of using “island” solutions, in the future, companies will have a general framework available to them for handling all packaging-related errors according to a predefined methodology. This can reduce the time required for problem-solving and increase efficiency, which is a significant competitive factor.
]]>Logistics doi: 10.3390/logistics7040081
Authors: Fotis Kitsios Evangelia Nousopoulou Maria Kamariotou
Background: The COVID-19 pandemic is a worldwide threat that has positioned micro-enterprises under enormous tension to persevere. As a result, these businesses are obligated to respond to the epidemic in an efficacious manner. In order to weather this economic storm, micro-enterprises have implemented a variety of digital technologies. Methods: The research investigates the connection between the communications technology of driving schools and the public crisis responses of those driving schools using a data set obtained from a survey administered to those schools. Results: The quantitative findings demonstrate that digitalization has made it possible for driving schools to efficiently and successfully respond to the public dilemma by utilizing their resilient functionality. In addition, digitalization can greatly enhance driving schools’ performance. Conclusions: This paper provides drawings for digitalization and crisis responses for driving schools.
]]>Logistics doi: 10.3390/logistics7040080
Authors: Bárbara Ferreira João Reis
Background: in recent years, automation has emerged as a hot topic, showcasing its capacity to perform tasks independently, without constant supervision. While automation has witnessed substantial growth in various sectors like engineering and medicine, the logistics industry has yet to witness an equivalent surge in research and implementation. Therefore, it becomes imperative to explore the application of automation in logistics. Methods: this article aims to provide a systematic analysis of the scientific literature concerning artificial intelligence (AI) and automation in logistics, laying the groundwork for robust and relevant advancements in the field. Results: the foundation of automation lies in cutting-edge technologies such as AI, machine learning, and deep learning, enabling self-problem resolution and autonomous task execution, reducing the reliance on human labor. Consequently, the implementation of smart logistics through automation has the potential to enhance competitiveness and minimize the margin of error. The impact of AI and robot-driven logistics on automation in logistics is profound. Through collaborative efforts in human–robot integration (HRI), there emerges an opportunity to develop social service robots that coexist harmoniously with humans. This integration can lead to a revolutionary transformation in logistics operations. By exploring the scientific literature on AI and automation in logistics, this article seeks to unravel critical insights into the practical application of automation, thus bridging the existing research gap in the logistics industry. Conclusions: the findings underscore the impact of artificial intelligence and robot-driven logistics on improving operational efficiency, reducing errors, and enhancing competitiveness. The research also provided valuable insights into the applications of various automation techniques, including machine learning and deep learning, in the logistics domain. Hence, the study’s insights can guide practitioners and decision makers in implementing effective automation strategies, thereby improving overall performance and adaptability in the dynamic logistics landscape. Understanding these foundations can pave the way for a future where automation and human expertise work hand in hand to drive logistics toward unparalleled efficiency and success.
]]>Logistics doi: 10.3390/logistics7040079
Authors: Thais de Castro Moraes Jiancheng Qin Xue-Ming Yuan Ek Peng Chew
Background: Over the past decade, the potential advantages of employing deep learning models and leveraging auxiliary data in data-driven end-to-end (E2E) frameworks to enhance inventory decision-making have gained recognition. However, current approaches predominantly rely on feed-forward networks, which may have difficulty capturing temporal correlations in time series data and identifying relevant features, resulting in less accurate predictions. Methods: Addressing this gap, we introduce novel E2E deep learning frameworks that combine Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) and Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) for resolving single-period inventory ordering decisions, also termed the Newsvendor Problem (NVP). This study investigates the performance drivers of hybrid CNN-LSTM architectures, coupled with an evolving algorithm for optimizing network configuration. Results: Empirical evaluation of real-world retail data demonstrates that our proposed models proficiently extract pertinent features and interpret sequential data characteristics, leading to more accurate and informed ordering decisions. Notably, results showcase substantial benefits, yielding up to an 85% reduction in costs compared to a univariate benchmark and up to 40% savings compared to a feed-forward E2E deep learning architecture. Conclusions: This confirms that, in practical scenarios, understanding the impact of features on demand empowers decision-makers to derive tailored, cost-effective ordering decisions for each store or product category.
]]>Logistics doi: 10.3390/logistics7040078
Authors: Ebenezer Laryea Amin Hosseinian-Far Simon Derrick
Background: Airfreight transport refers to the shipment of goods by air from one location to another and is often perceived as a contributor to global carbon emissions. The environmental impacts associated with airfreight are of notable and genuine concern. Such concerns have often led to calls for measures to ban or limit air freight as a mode of transportation for goods. Whilst the majority of these calls are perceived to be well placed, it is nevertheless essential to acknowledge the climate justice implications associated with such measures, particularly in the context of perishable products like fresh produce. Methods: The aim of this study is to thoroughly examine the socioeconomic implications of banning air-freighted fresh produce and to recommend practices that can minimize the environmental impacts. Utilizing Blue Skies Holdings Ltd., Pitsford, UK as a case study, this paper undertakes a comprehensive analysis of the potential climate justice ramifications associated with the prohibition of air-freighted fresh produce. Results: The analysis highlights the intricate interplay between the environmental and socioeconomic dimensions of the issue. By investigating the carbon emissions attributed to aviation and air logistics in particular and meticulously scrutinizing the possible consequences of an airfreight ban in relation to vulnerable communities within developing economies that are heavily reliant on fresh produce exports, the study contributes insights to guide policy discourse and the decision-making processes within commercial entities with respect to their carbon emissions reduction strategies. Conclusions: Accordingly, this study provides a number of recommendations for various actors, particularly commercial stakeholders, who deal with air-freighted fresh produce.
]]>Logistics doi: 10.3390/logistics7040077
Authors: Alaa Fouad Momena Rakibul Haque Mostafijur Rahaman Sankar Prasad Mondal
Background: What are the cumulative influences of pricing, promotions of commodities, order size-based discount opportunities, and alternative warehousing scenarios on effective decision-making concerning inventory management? It is observed that the prices and promotion of products influence the demand rate. The shortage can be partially backlogged, and the backlogging rate depends on the waiting time. Also, discount and trade credit facilities may be available when purchasing items. This paper describes a novel inventory control model regarding optimal warehousing decision-making scenarios. Methods: This paper includes the facts in its hypothesis and examines the overall impact of the mentioned issues on profitability. The inventory carrying scheme associated with the proposed model consists of both rented and owned warehouse facilities in which the cost increases linearly with time. The numerical and visual simulation succeeds the mathematical approach to analyze the proposed inventory model in Mathematica software. Results: The results show that a price hike enhances profit despite the negative impact on demand creation. Also, promotion frequency favors profitability, suppressing the corresponding costs. Another managerial intuition is revealed through the numerical result that the stock should be held in a rented warehouse when deterioration in the owned warehouse increases, despite the cost of a rented warehouse. Conclusions: Besides several mentioned management insights, this study includes several existing models as particular cases and tackles challenges in the analytical optimization approach. This study leads toward the consequences of future research scopes with industry-based raw data.
]]>Logistics doi: 10.3390/logistics7040076
Authors: Luay Jum’a Marwan Mansour
Background: This paper revolves around a meticulous exploration aimed at discerning the impact of total quality management (TQM) and service quality (SQ) practices upon the financial performance (FP) of firms within the container shipping industry. Our pursuit extends further, delving into the intricacies of SQ as a potential mediating factor in the TQM–FP relationship. This distinctive study investigated six TQM practices in conjunction with five SQ factors, analyzing their impact on firm FP. Methods: This study used a quantitative research approach. Data were collected through a structured questionnaire from logistics specialists and experts in the shipping field. Results: The findings were interesting and showed that two TQM practices—managerial leadership and employee involvement—have a significant positive effect on SQ levels, and one SQ dimension, namely responsiveness, has the biggest and most significant effect on the FP of container shipping companies. Furthermore, SQ mediates the relationship between TQM and FP. Conclusions: This study provides a theoretical contribution by developing a conceptual model that elucidates the correlation between TQM practices and the degree of SQ on the FP of container shipping firms. Moreover, this study provides managers with a tool for identifying, prioritizing, and improving key TQM and SQ practices that contribute significantly to financial success.
]]>Logistics doi: 10.3390/logistics7040075
Authors: Raquel Soriano-Gonzalez Elena Perez-Bernabeu Yusef Ahsini Patricia Carracedo Andres Camacho Angel A. Juan
Background: This article identifies and examines key performance indicators (KPIs) related to citizen mobility logistics in smart and sustainable urban areas. It begins with a comprehensive literature review to identify essential KPIs, offering valuable insights for both public and private stakeholders, including policymakers and mobility service providers. Drawing from various mobility projects in smart cities, the study extracts common KPIs and best practices. The focus of the paper then turns to Barcelona, Spain, where KPIs that matter most are analyzed. Methods: Using open data from the city council spanning from 2017 onwards, the study provides insights into the evolving mobility logistics landscape. KPIs from other European cities are also considered by utilizing similar open data sources. This comparative analysis provides valuable benchmarks and reveals disparities in mobility logistics. Throughout this investigation, the paper emphasizes the role of data quality in KPI selection. Results: Reliable open data significantly influence indicator choices and present challenges when comparing cities. Remarkably, the findings consistently highlight environmental data as an area requiring attention in sustainable mobility logistics. Conclusions: This paper makes contributions by identifying and examining KPIs relevant to citizen mobility logistics in smart and sustainable urban areas. It offers insights by applying these KPIs to Barcelona and conducting comparative analyses with other European cities. These findings serve as a valuable resource for policymakers, city planners, and mobility experts.
]]>Logistics doi: 10.3390/logistics7040074
Authors: Layanne Nara Parente Cardoso Karla Danyelle de Oliveira Miranda Ednael Francisco Vieira da Silva Patricia Guarnieri José Leão e Silva Filho Lúcio Camara e Silva
Background: The Brazilian National Solid Waste Policy establishes the shared responsibility of all actors involved in e-waste generation and management; however, some conflicts of interest need interventions and approaches for preventing them. Objective: This paper proposes using a graph model for conflict resolution (GMCR) decision support system to simulate the analysis and resolution of realistic e-waste management conflicts. Method: A systematic literature review focused on e-waste management, shared responsibility and conflict management was conducted, and a graph model for conflict resolution (GMCR) decision support system was applied to generate a framework to address this context. Results: The need for commitment agreements promoted by government institutions in partnerships with companies involved in the process is essential since the principle of shared responsibility requires educational actions, favoring efficiency in the reverse logistics recovery procedures for e-waste. Understanding the interconnected causes of conflicts and their facets is crucial for effective resolution and prevention, aiding comprehension, focused interventions, and evidence-based decision-making for transformative change amidst conflicting stakeholder objectives in the case of WEEE management. These results can be helpful for academics and practitioners working in this area.
]]>Logistics doi: 10.3390/logistics7040073
Authors: Damianos P. Sakas Nikolaos T. Giannakopoulos Nikos Kanellos Christos Christopoulos Kanellos S. Toudas
Background: Due to increased globalization and its subsequent rise in competitiveness, the role of supply chain services (3PL) in managing logistics, reducing operational and non-operational costs, and managing customer and supplier relationships, have become of utmost importance. Customer-centric production has led to the development of a close relationship between production processes. Amidst all this, the demand for logistic services has dramatically increased, thus putting more pressure on firms for enhanced operational results, and leading to the outsourcing of their internal and external logistic activities. On the other hand, supply chain firms that provide 3PL services seek to enhance their sustainability and predict their customers’ demand. Methods: The authors collected quantitative data from 81 firms that operate in various industrial sectors in Greece. A questionnaire was sent for completion, in which firms could rate and evaluate various aspects that were discerned as important for deciding to cooperate with a 3PL service provider and maintain this cooperation in the long run. To extract the required outcomes, statistical analyses like categorical regression (CATREG) and MANOVA were utilized. Results: The demand for 3PL services was affected by 3PL service providers’ operational performance based on accuracy, reputation, and IT capabilities, while the customer firms’ intention for maintaining cooperation with 3PL service providers was affected by their reliability level, improved service efficiency, and trustworthiness. Conclusions: 3PL service providers should seek to improve the reputation, IT infrastructure, and accuracy of their firm's operations to have a continuous demand for their services. Apart from that, 3PL service providers to maintain the cooperation with their customers, need to enhance the levels of their services reliability and efficiency, while also creating a bond of trust with their existing customers.
]]>Logistics doi: 10.3390/logistics7040072
Authors: Amira Saker Amr Eltawil Islam Ali
Background: The growth of e-commerce necessitates efficient logistics management to address rising last-mile delivery challenges. To overcome some of the last-mile delivery costs, parcel lockers as a delivery option, can be an alternative solution. This study presents the Capacitated Vehicle Routing Problem with Delivery Options (CVRPDO), which includes locker delivery. Methods: this problem is solved with An Adaptive Large Neighborhood Search (ALNS). The solution suggests some specific destroy and repair operators and integrates them with various selection schemes. The proposed method results are compared with the exact solution of the MIP model of the problem for validation. Results: Objective function values improved by 25%, 30%, 7%, 5%, and 6% for 1000, 800, 600, 400, and 200 customers, respectively, when using a 120-s ALNS runtime compared to the MIP model with a 3-h runtime. Conclusions: the CVRPDO problem involves creating a set of routes for ve-hicles that visit each customer at their delivery location or deliver their parcels to one of the lockers. These routes should respect the capacity of each vehicle and locker while minimizing the total routing costs and the number of utilized vehicles. The problem is resolved by ALNS algorithm, which outperformed the MIP model.
]]>Logistics doi: 10.3390/logistics7040071
Authors: Gabriel da Silva Medina Rommel Bernardes da Costa
Background: This study aims to explore how domestic entrepreneurs can benefit from the thriving global agribusiness by establishing themselves in agro-industrial segments that can best remunerate capital and labour. The ways in which domestic entrepreneurs in Brazil enter different segments of the agribusiness industry were assessed with specific attention to implications for the development of local agro-industrial capabilities. Methods: We assessed the current market share of domestic companies in relation to foreign multinationals in various segments of the sugar and ethanol supply chain in Brazil. Results: Foreign multinationals are market leaders in the fertilizers, machinery and trading segments (domestic companies market share is 20.3%, 33.3% and 42.9% in those segments respectively). However, Brazilian companies have achieved higher market share in segments such as plant breeding, sugarcane processing and farming (domestic market share is 93.2%, 67.4% and 75.5% respectively). Plant breeding, farming and trading benefit from governmental support in research, subsidized credits and market policies respectively. Conclusions: By investing in agro-industrial sectors developing countries can benefit from agribusiness expansion for their economic growth. Investments in science and technology and domestic regulatory actions can help to build country capabilities, although the impacts are sometimes limited to the agro-industrial sectors where domestic companies are more competitive. These lessons can help other developing countries to assess their opportunities and challenges for agro-industrial development.
]]>Logistics doi: 10.3390/logistics7040070
Authors: Herbert Jodlbauer Manuel Brunner Nadine Bachmann Shailesh Tripathi Matthias Thürer
Background: By examining the recent advancements in technology, particularly the transformation of material into digital flows and its impact on customer demands, the aim of this paper is to investigate supply chain management (SCM) by analyzing seven key constructs: uncertainty, perspective, topicality, coordination, flow, job to be done, and connection. These constructs were chosen since they reflect evolving SCM practices that motivate this study. Methods: We conducted a broad, structured narrative review to comprehensively address the extensive SCM literature. This approach allowed us to evaluate the current state of SCM research and offer recommendations for overcoming prevailing challenges. Results: Our findings reveal the significant impact of technological advancements on SCM operations, requiring companies to adapt and remain competitive. We envision future supply chains as dynamic networks of networks, necessitating the adoption of a value architecture concept that extends a firm’s business model to an ecosystem business model. Conclusions: Considering these changes, our study recommends exploiting uncertainty, adopting demand-driven systems, offering on-demand customized services and products, utilizing prescriptive analytics, prioritizing information flows and services, and embracing open systems with high interoperability. Summarizing these opportunities and challenges that arise with changes in SCM provides interesting venues for future research and valuable insights for practitioners.
]]>Logistics doi: 10.3390/logistics7040069
Authors: Thiago de Carvalho Verano Carlos de Melo e Silva Neto Gabriel da Silva Medina
Background: Family farmers’ access to markets is key for rural development. This study seeks to assess to what extent short and long marketing channels promote or inhibit the commercial inclusion of family farmers. Methods: The research was conducted in the Brazilian state of Goiás through questionnaires and interviews with rural outreach agents and family farmers’ leaders. Results: The results reveal that 31.28% of sampled farmers are not included in any marketing channel. High inclusion rates in long channels (such as commodity markets) are related to high inclusion rates in short channels (such as farmers’ markets), with some regions having greater availability of marketing channels than other regions. Conclusions: The high participation of family farmers in long channels linked to the cattle supply chain and agricultural commodities is related to the low participation of this category in other channels. Such results provide lessons for public policies by demonstrating the need to encourage a greater diversity of both short and long channels to greater marketing opportunities for family farmers.
]]>Logistics doi: 10.3390/logistics7040068
Authors: Helmer Paz-Orozco Irineu de Brito Junior Mario Chong Yesid Anacona-Mopan Jhon Alexander Segura Dorado Mariana Moyano
Background: This study presents a comprehensive methodology for enhancing humanitarian logistics planning and management in natural disasters, focusing on earthquakes. Methods: The innovative approach combines a deterministic mathematical model with a simulation model to address the problem from multiple perspectives, aiming to improve efficiency and equity in post-disaster supply distribution. In the deterministic modeling phase, optimal locations for humanitarian distribution centers and points in Popayan, Colombia, were identified, enabling efficient resource allocation for affected families. Subsequently, the simulation model evaluated scenarios based on real earthquakes in Colombia and Latin America, providing a comprehensive view of the logistics system’s response capacity to different disaster conditions and magnitudes. Results: The results demonstrated that the proposed methodology significantly reduced supply delivery time, achieving a 30% improvement compared to traditional humanitarian logistics approaches. Moreover, it led to a more equitable coverage of affected communities, with a 25% increase in families served in previously underserved areas. Expert validation from the Disaster Risk Management Committee of the study area confirmed the methodology’s usefulness for informed and effective decision-making in real situations. Conclusions: This integrated approach of mathematical modeling and discrete event simulation offers valuable insights to address disaster management and support decision-making in humanitarian crises.
]]>Logistics doi: 10.3390/logistics7040067
Authors: Adel A. Alamri
Background: The classical mathematical formulation of the vendor-managed inventory (VMI) model assumes an infinite planning horizon, and consequently, the solution derived ignored the impact of the first cycle. The classical formulation is associated with another implicit assumption that input parameters remain static indefinitely. Methods: This paper develops two mathematical models for VMI for a joint economic lot-sizing (JELS) policy. Each model considers investment in green production, energy used for keeping items in storage, and carbon emissions from production, storage, and transportation activities under the carbon cap-and-trade policy. The first model underlies the first cycle, while the second underlies subsequent cycles. Results: The re-start-up production time for subsequent cycles commences only at the time required to produce and replenish the first lot, which implies further cost reduction. Mathematical formulations are perceived as important both for academics and practitioners. For example, the base model of the first cycle (subsequent cycles) generates an optimal produced quantity with 18.42% (4.35%) less total system cost when compared with the pest scenario in favor of the existing literature. Moreover, such a percentage of total system cost reduction increases as the production rate increases. Further, the proposed models not only produce better results but also offer the opportunity to adjust the input parameters for subsequent cycles, where each cycle is independent from the previous one. Conclusions: The emissions generated by the system are very much related to the demand rate and the amount of investment in green production. Illustrative examples, special cases, model overview, and managerial insights are given. The discussion related to the contribution of the proposed model, the concluding remarks, and further research are also provided. The proposed model rectifies the base model adopted by the existing literature, which can be further extended to be implemented in several interesting further inquiries related to JELS inventory mathematical modeling.
]]>Logistics doi: 10.3390/logistics7030066
Authors: Jorge Alfredo Cerqueira-Streit Patrícia Guarnieri Luciel Henrique de Oliveira Jacques Demajorovic
Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has intensified the need to adopt a restorative and regenerative model proposed by circular economy (CE). Methods: This article aims to identify the current status of packaging waste management in the CE context through an integrative literature review using Scopus and Web of Science databases. Using the Bibliometrix package, 162 articles were analyzed. Results: A bibliometric overview is presented, including the prominent authors and journals, and most cited articles, techniques and research methods used. Most of the analyzed articles are of the theoretical–empirical, quali–quantitative type, and plastic is the most studied material when a paper focused on one waste item. The contribution of packaging waste management for the transition to CE is discussed, highlighting important actions such as the replacement of materials to increase recyclability, the installation of voluntary delivery points associated with education programs focusing on the environment and support for cooperatives of waste pickers. In addition, a research agenda was developed that highlights the main gaps identified to guide future studies. Conclusion: Finally, the managerial contributions of the study are emphasized in particular by providing insight into the implementation of this model of growing international interest.
]]>Logistics doi: 10.3390/logistics7030065
Authors: Özden Özkanlısoy Füsun Bulutlar
Background: Supply chain performance measurement is an integral part of supply chain management today, as it makes many critical contributions to supply chains, especially for companies and supply chains to identify potential problems and improvement fields, evaluate the efficiency of processes, and enhance the health and success of supply chains. The purpose of this study is to contribute to future research and practical applications by presenting a more standard, comprehensive, and up-to-date measurement scale developed based on the SCOR model version 13.0 performance measures in the disruptive technology era. Methods: The study was performed in seven stages and the sample size consists of 227 companies for pilot data and 452 companies for the main data. The stages comprise item generation and purification, exploratory factor analysis for the pilot study and main study, confirmatory factor analysis for the main study, convergent, discriminant, and nomological validity appraisal, and investigation of bias effect. Results: The scale was developed and validated as a five-factor and thirty-one item structure. Conclusions: Some key trends and indicators must be followed today to perceive the landscape of future supply chains. This measurement scale closely follows the future supply chains. Additionally, the findings have been confirmed by the contributions of disruptive technologies and the conceptual structure of supply chain management.
]]>Logistics doi: 10.3390/logistics7030064
Authors: Javid Ghahremani-Nahr Hamed Nozari Maryam Rahmaty Parvaneh Zeraati Foukolaei Azita Sherejsharifi
Background: This paper discusses the optimization of a novel fuzzy hierarchical location-routing problem, taking into consideration reliability. The mathematical model presented aims to determine the optimal locations of production centers and warehouses, as well as the optimal routing of vehicles, in order to minimize total costs. Methods: Because of the uncertainty surrounding the demand and transportation cost parameters, a fuzzy programming method was employed to control the model. To solve the mathematical model, both GA and PSO algorithms were used. Results: The results show that as the uncertainty rate increases, the total costs also increase. Additionally, the results indicate that the maximum relative difference percentage between the solutions of the GA and PSO, and the optimal solutions are 0.587 and 0.792, respectively. On the other hand, analysis of numerical examples demonstrates that the Baron Solver is unable to solve large-scale numerical examples. Conclusions: By comparing the results of GA and PSO, it is observed that PSO was able to solve numerical examples in less time than GA, while GA obtained better results than PSO. Therefore, the TOPSIS method was used to rank the different solution methods, which resulted in GA being recognized as an effective algorithm with a utility weight of 0.972.
]]>Logistics doi: 10.3390/logistics7030063
Authors: Areej Althabatah Mohammed Yaqot Brenno Menezes Laoucine Kerbache
Background: the advent of Industry 4.0 (I4.0) innovations has revolutionized supply chain management through technologies like the Internet of Things (IoT) and Artificial Intelligence (AI) integrated into procurement processes. Methods: this study addresses a critical knowledge gap by conducting a comprehensive review of 111 papers sourced from the Scopus database. These papers are classified into seven sub-themes encompassing I4.0 or procurement 4.0 (P4.0), big data, IoT, additive manufacturing, blockchain, e-procurement, and AI. Results: the investigation reveals that I4.0 technologies, particularly e-procurement and blockchain, have garnered substantial attention. Such technologies offer diverse value propositions, encompassing streamlined supplier evaluation, lead time reduction, cost optimization, and enhanced data security. Conclusion: the paper underscores pivotal trends and insights for the evolution of Procurement 4.0, illuminating a path toward more efficient supply chain management.
]]>Logistics doi: 10.3390/logistics7030062
Authors: Predrag Grozdanović Anđela Gligorijević Milan Andrejić Miloš Nikolić Milorad Kilibarda
Background: Distribution is a very important part of logistics and an activity that is present in every area today. One of the basic problems in distribution is how to correctly determine its price. For this reason, this paper presents a model created to determine the price of the product distribution service. Methods: The model first determines the base of the distribution price, which consists of a fixed and a variable part. The fixed part depends on the distance traveled, and the variable part is defined by fuzzy logic. To determine the variable part, a fuzzy logic system was created that depends on four input variables: inaccessibility of the client’s location, driving time, quantity of goods, and unloading time. The reason for applying fuzzy logic is its ability to set the distribution price for each client individually, without generalization. Certain criteria that affect the distribution price such as type of vehicle, quality of service, and type of goods, which could not be represented by fuzzy numbers, were considered as additional corrective factors. Results: The model was tested on hypothetical examples created by the authors from this field and on examples of company that provide distribution services. In the case study, a comparison was made between the distribution price obtained by applying the created fuzzy logic model and the price defined by the model used by the company "X". Conclusions: The model created in this way enables easy adaptation to constant changes in the prices of oil derivatives due to the COVID-19 pandemic and the war but also considers various unpredictable circumstances that may occur during delivery such as roadworks, crowds, vehicle breakdown, location inaccessibility due to bad weather, etc.
]]>Logistics doi: 10.3390/logistics7030061
Authors: Antonio Maria Coruzzolo Francesco Lolli Elia Balugani Elisa Magnani Miguel Afonso Sellitto
Background: Order picking is a critical activity in end-product warehouses, particularly using the picker-to-part system, entail substantial manual labor, representing approximately 60% of warehouse work. Methods: This study develops a new linear model to perform batching, which allows for defining, assigning, and sequencing batches and determining the best routing strategy. Its goal is to minimise the completion time and the weighted sum of tardiness and earliness of orders. We developed a second linear model without the constraints related to the picking routing to reduce complexity. This model searches for the best routing using the closest neighbour approach. As both models were too complex to test, the earliest due date constructive heuristic algorithm was developed. To improve the solution, we implemented various algorithms, from multi-start with random ordering to more complex like iterated local search. Results: The proposed models were tested on a real case study where the picking time was reduced by 57% compared to single-order strategy. Conclusions: The results showed that the iterated local search multiple perturbation algorithms could successfully identify the minimum solution and significantly improve the solution initially obtained with the heuristic earliest due date algorithm.
]]>Logistics doi: 10.3390/logistics7030060
Authors: Rushikesh A. Patil Abhishek D. Patange Sujit S. Pardeshi
Background: International transportation has grown substantially, causing total logistics costs (TLCs) to rise. Companies are increasingly striving for their reduction. The most crucial factor affecting TLCs is the transportation mode, and its appropriate selection has become vital for firms. Maritime transport is the most preferred mode for international shipments, while air transport is also increasingly preferred due to the rise in underweight and high-frequency shipments, the expectation of reduced delivery times, and inventory costs. However, a thorough comparative analysis is necessary for the selection. Methods: This paper proposes an intelligent approach based on TLCs. Non-linear optimization is adopted for regular replenishment, while maching-learning classifiers are employed to establish a decision boundary for the chargeable weight of shipments. Conclusions: The study assists in decision making and also establishes a country-wide threshold, highlighting the importance of a country-based logistics strategy. The paper successfully establishes the trends and relations between logistics parameters, which assists the logistics decision making. Research identifies the gaps in the existing literature and bridges them by addressing the required concerns.
]]>Logistics doi: 10.3390/logistics7030059
Authors: Peter Sasitharan Gandhi Maniam Catherine Prentice Anne-Marie Sassenberg Jeffrey Soar
Background: Blockchain adoption in agriculture is facing challenges. Some of its key challenges include lack of regulatory framework and unclear policies. Methods: This quantitative research based on a survey aims to examine the factors that influence blockchain implementation in the agricultural sector. Several theories including the technology acceptance model (TAM), the theory of planned behaviour (TPB), and the technology readiness index (TRI) were drawn upon to determine the factors influencing Blockchain adoption. The study was undertaken in Australia with 358 agricultural supply chain experts. Results: A range of novel findings were generated. While perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, and attitude positively influenced Blockchain adoption, discomfort and insecurity were considered deterrents. Conclusions: The results can be used by relevant practitioners to improve the supply chain management for agriculture business. The findings can also inform a new direction for the research on the agricultural supply chain and the literature on logistics.
]]>Logistics doi: 10.3390/logistics7030058
Authors: Marcele Elisa Fontana Natallya de Almeida Levino José Leão Patrícia Guarnieri Emerson Philipe Sinesio
Background: This paper proposes a risk analysis of transport requalification projects in the urban mobility problem caused by a mining disaster related to irregular rock salt extraction in the city of Maceió, Brazil. Methods: The model is composed of three main steps: problem definition, risk management, and decision analysis. For this purpose, we used the Picture Fuzzy-Delphi method for data collection and experts’ judgment elicitation and the Delphi method was used to assess the problem without interference from others. In addition, we used Picture Fuzzy Sets (PFSs) to incorporate uncertain information in the decision-making process. Results: The results of the proposed model demonstrated consistency and relevance to the discussion. The application of methods shows the risks of the project based on a general perspective. It evaluates the sustainability tripod: economic, environmental, and social points of view, assessing the occurrence risk and intensity of the risk. Conclusions: The main objective of the work was achieved; however, some limitations of this study are related to the methods used to assess risks and the options of projects of requalification available at the moment of data analysis. This paper contributes because it systematizes the risk management of projects related to requalification in urban mobility.
]]>Logistics doi: 10.3390/logistics7030057
Authors: Christoph Pott Christoph Breuer Michael ten Hompel
Background: This paper is the first-ever discussion of sport logistics as an intersection of the academic disciplines of logistics and sport management. Methods: It reviews past literature and states that logistics in sport is widely overlooked in academic literature. It illustrates the importance and pervasive nature of logistics in the sport industry and questions how sport logistics can be positioned at the interface of logistics and sport management science. Both disciplines are contrasted under the common lens of Porter’s value chain. Results: Operations, organization and marketing are identified along with economics and strategy as areas of sport management (highly) involved with logistics. Sport logistics is defined as a research area dealing with storage and transportation issues in sport organizations. Conclusions: Based on a case example from practice, athlete equipment logistics, the authors elaborate on the unique characteristics of managing logistics in sport, e.g., low competition, personal relationships and high demand predictability. They call for a broader discourse on sport logistics in academia.
]]>Logistics doi: 10.3390/logistics7030056
Authors: Tiago Bastos Leonor C. Teixeira João C. O. Matias Leonel J. R. Nunes
Background: With the increasing societal focus on sustainability and the critical need for innovative energy solutions, this research emphasizes the undervalued biomass originating from waste products of agroforestry activities. The traditional practice of disposing of these waste products through open-air burning has led to environmental challenges and a tragic loss of their inherent energy potential. Methods: This study adopts a multifaceted approach, integrating literature reviews, expert interviews from both the academic and professional sectors, and surveys. The central focus is on understanding supply chain inefficiencies and communication gaps that contribute to waste and addressing them through the Lean philosophy, renowned for its waste reduction benefits. Results: Our research culminated in the development of a unique information management model based on a web application. Additionally, the study provides a theoretical groundwork for an application that backs the proposed model. Conclusions: The presented strategy and web-based model offer promising avenues for managing waste products from agroforestry activities more sustainably and efficiently. This approach not only addresses the environmental issues arising from waste disposal but also taps into the significant energy potential these waste products hold.
]]>Logistics doi: 10.3390/logistics7030055
Authors: Caterina Hauschild Angelica Coll
Background: In the current political discourse, supply chain transparency is seen as a key to improving the working and environmental conditions within textile supply chains. Additionally, the use of technology is increasingly being regarded as a means of reducing complexity and increasing transparency within these supply chains. While much research has been conducted to understand the impact of the textile industry on sustainability and the impact of technology on the overall performance of the textile supply chains, little attention has been placed on the following question: How do technologies affect transparency within the textile supply chains? Methods: We conducted seven interviews with actors from the textile industry. Based on these collected data, the relevance of selected technologies for improving transparency is established and the challenges of their implementation and impact on the industry are assessed. Results: Digital technologies, such as blockchain, the Internet of Things and dialog platforms, are promising instruments for transparency, even though their current implementation is not ideal. Furthermore, great skepticism on platforms for reporting (audits and complaint systems) is still prevalent. Conclusions: Since the influence of transparency on sustainability is conditioned by the goal orientation with which the technologies are implemented and used, we propose a framework for the implementation of the selected technologies that account for the interaction between said technologies in the textile supply chains.
]]>Logistics doi: 10.3390/logistics7030054
Authors: Haneen Algethami Ghada Talat Alhothali
Background: Saudi Arabia is a leading country endorsing a sustainable future, from policymaking and investment to infrastructure development. One of the rising concerns in Saudi Arabia's Vision 2030 is solid waste management, especially in Makkah. The Solid Waste Collection Problem (SWCP) refers to the route optimisation of waste collection trucks visiting containers across various locations. Manually generated routes might contain some mistakes, and constructing and revising designed solutions can take a long time. Thus, there is a need to find optimal and fast solutions to this problem. Solving this problem demands tackling numerous routing constraints while aiming to minimise the operational cost. Since solid waste has a significant impact on the environment, reducing fuel consumption must be an objective. Methods: Thus, a mixed-integer programming model is proposed in this paper while using the time-oriented nearest neighbour heuristic. The goal is to investigate their performance on nine existing instances of SWCP in the city of Makkah. The proposed model is implemented in the Gurobi solver. The time-oriented nearest neighbour heuristic constructs the initial solution and is then re-optimised using Google OR-tools. Results: Using the greedy method to construct a solution for this problem generated better solutions when compared to the results obtained without the greedy method. Computational times are also improved by 55.7% on the problem instances. Conclusions: The findings confirm the competitive performance of the proposed method in terms of computational times and solution quality.
]]>Logistics doi: 10.3390/logistics7030052
Authors: Patricia Inês Schwantz Leander Luiz Klein Eugênio de Oliveira Simonetto
Background: This study aims to analyze the relationship between lean practices and organizational performance in a public institution, specifically, a military organization. Methods: The research has a quantitative approach with a descriptive character, having as a sample the members of a military unit located in Rio Grande do Sul. A valid sample of 116 answered questionnaires was obtained. Data analysis was carried out through multivariate statistical treatment, known as Structural Equation Modeling (SEM), using the Smart-PLS software. Results: At the end of the study, it was possible to confirm the central hypothesis of the study and conclude that lean practices (waste elimination, continuous improvement, support and leadership, member involvement, education and training, long-term thinking, quality, and systemic vision) positively impact organizational performance. Together, these elements combine to engender organizational effectiveness and success, promoting more productivity, quality, profitability, and customer satisfaction, thus improving the organization’s performance. Conclusions: It is evident that the members of the military unit are committed to optimizing organizational performance, showing constant improvement in productivity, rarely committing errors, cost reduction in activities and works, high effectiveness in meeting goals, prioritizing cost reduction in the execution of activities, as well as achieving goals and objectives related to the services provided.
]]>Logistics doi: 10.3390/logistics7030053
Authors: Beatriz Moschetta Cunha Carolina Kato Lettieri Giulia Wiltenburg Cadena Veridiana Rotondaro Pereira
Background: E-commerce’s convenience, speed, and ability to overcome geographical barriers have made it increasingly popular across industries. This study analyzed the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on customer experience and satisfaction in supermarket retail e-commerce in the Brazilian market. The objective was to understand how the pandemic influenced satisfaction in this sector. Methods: A survey research method was employed, utilizing the Critical Incident Technique to identify key quality dimensions important to customers. A total of 133 valid responses underwent exploratory factor analysis. Results: Data analysis identified three dimensions significantly affecting overall customer satisfaction. “Presentation of Products in the Application (app)” had the highest correlation, while “Delivery Logistics” had the lowest. However, when considering the COVID-19 factor, “Delivery Logistics” showed the highest correlation. This indicates that the dimension most affected by the pandemic has the least impact on overall satisfaction in supermarket e-commerce. Conclusions: The study emphasizes the significance of understanding customer satisfaction in supermarket e-commerce, not just during the COVID-19 pandemic but also its post-pandemic consequences. Retailers should prioritize improving product presentation in apps, as it greatly influences overall satisfaction. Addressing the pandemic’s impact on delivery logistics is also crucial to ensure competitiveness in the e-commerce market.
]]>Logistics doi: 10.3390/logistics7030051
Authors: Erfan Babaee Babaee Tirkolaee Alireza Goli Behnam Malmir
Nowadays, the business landscape is highly focused on establishing efficient logistics systems, with numerous companies striving to gain a strong foothold in the global market and achieve maximum productivity and cost effectiveness [...]
]]>Logistics doi: 10.3390/logistics7030050
Authors: Adnan Al-Banna Zaid Ashraf Rana Mohammed Yaqot Brenno Menezes
Background: As industry and society move towards the second decade of the deluge of advanced technologies of the Industry 4.0 (I4.0) age, introduced circa 2012, it is evident that the global economy continues to grapple with a plethora of ever-intensifying disruptions and vulnerabilities that inflict unexpected and uncontrolled damages on multiple organizational processes. These circumstances demand significant paradigm shifts, placing supply chain resilience (SCR) in the foreground of boardrooms and agendas of executive meetings. Method: This paper presents a bibliometric analysis of selected articles that examine the intricate interplay of I4.0 and SCR under investment constraints. Employing a funnel approach, this study delves deeper into about a hundred papers that were initially selected from a pool of approximately four thousand publications on SCR. The study thoroughly analyzes the interconnection between SCR, I4.0, and investment (INV) while classifying these articles in a structured manner, based on industry type and focus. Results: The primary aim of the paper is to identify trends, gaps, and potential opportunities for future research on the SCR-I4.0-INV interplays. Conclusions: The findings reveal that industries are converging towards the implementation of digital technologies as a strategic move to tackle unexpected, unplanned, and undesired situations. This research illuminates the needs for organizations to prioritize supply chain resilience in the face of disruptions and vulnerabilities while highlighting the potential of digital technologies to enhance their resilience, therefore ensuring sustainable growth.
]]>Logistics doi: 10.3390/logistics7030049
Authors: Silvia Araújo dos Reis José Eugenio Leal Antônio Márcio Tavares Thomé
Background: The soybean market is representative of the world. Brazil is the largest producer and exporter of this crop and has low production costs but high logistical costs, which are influenced mainly by transport costs. Added to these characteristics, the disputed grain supply, the possibility of crop failure, and the randomness of some parameters that influence the soybean supply chain make decisions even more challenging. Methods: To mathematically model this problem, we carried out an analysis of the scientific production related to grain supply chain and the models used to address the problem, as well as a document analysis and a case study. Results: This paper proposes a new two-stage stochastic linear programming model with fixed recourse for tactical planning in the soybean supply chain from the perspective of the shipper under take or pay contracts over a one-year time horizon. The first-stage variables are the grain purchasing decisions and the volumes of rail and road transportation hired in advance. The model addresses 243 scenarios derived from four uncertainty sources: the purchase and sale prices of raw agricultural products on the spot market, the probability of crop failure, and the external demand. Conclusions: The model is successfully applied to a soybean trade firm in Brazil with expected gain of US$4,299,720 when using the stochastic model instead of the deterministic model. The stochastic model protected the firm from take or pay fines and crop failures, contracting a smaller volume of rail transport than what the company does.
]]>Logistics doi: 10.3390/logistics7030048
Authors: Leonel J. R. Nunes Sandra Silva
Background: This study investigates the vital significance of logistical cost optimization within the residual woody biomass supply chain, aiming to boost both sustainability and the efficient utilization of this resource. There is an emphasis on how adept cost management can determine the economic feasibility of exploiting residual biomass. Methods: The research delves into crucial areas including collection, transportation, storage, and processing of biomass, highlighting their respective roles in the total cost. The influence of factors such as seasonality and biomass quality variations on the supply chain's cost and efficiency is explored. To provide an in-depth analysis of these factors, mathematical models are presented that allow for the examination of a variety of scenarios and optimization strategies. Techniques such as linear programming, genetic algorithms, and tabu search are contextualized within these models. Results: The study provides in-sights into individual cost contributions of different logistical operations. It also reveals how seasonality and biomass quality variations directly affect the cost and efficacy of the supply chain. Conclusions: Proficient logistical cost management is crucial for the successful exploitation of residual biomass. The findings have substantial implications for managing the residual biomass supply chain, paving the way for a transition to a low-carbon economy.
]]>Logistics doi: 10.3390/logistics7030047
Authors: Nataliia Letunovska Felix Amoako Offei Prince Amoh Junior Junior Oleksii Lyulyov Tetyana Pimonenko Aleksy Kwilinski
Background: Sustainable procurement is about considering social and environmental factors alongside financial factors in making procurement decisions and purchasing goods and services that take into account the social, economic, and environmental impact that such purchasing has on people and communities. This study was carried out to address the effects of procurement sustainability on reverse logistics. It considered four objectives: to establish the relationship between environmental procurement sustainability and reverse logistics, to examine the relationship between economic procurement sustainability and reverse logistics, to examine the relationship between social sustainability procurement and reverse logistics, and to examine the moderating role of government policy. Methods: This study applied structural equation modeling to check the research hypotheses. A purposive sampling technique was used. A structured questionnaire was used to gather primary data. The data gathered were analyzed using descriptive and inferential analysis. The data were analyzed in SPSS version 21. The study found that environmental, economic, and social procurement sustainability has a significant and positive effect on reverse logistics. Government policy moderates the relationships between environmental, economic, and social procurement sustainability and reverse logistics. Conclusions: This study recommends that organizations team up with environmental protection agencies to produce environmentally friendly products. Social interventions that can help protect society from damage should be acknowledged. Good economic policies that ensure that organizations increase their wealth should also be acknowledged.
]]>Logistics doi: 10.3390/logistics7030046
Authors: Rana Azab Rana S. Mahmoud Rahma Elbehery Mohamed Gheith
Background: Agro-food supply chains possess specific characteristics due to the diverse nature of products involved and contribute to all three pillars of sustainability, making the optimal design of a sustainable agro-food supply chain a complex problem. Therefore, efficient models incorporating the unique characteristics of such chains are essential for making optimal supply chain decisions and achieving economically and environmentally sustainable agro-food supply chains that contribute to global food security. Methods: This article presents a multi-objective mixed-integer linear programing model that integrates agricultural-related strategic decisions into the tactical design of an agro-food supply chain. The model considers transportation, inventory, processing, demand fulfilment, and waste disposal decisions. It also accounts for seasonality and perishability, ensuring a comprehensive approach to sustainability. The model aims to maximize the total generated profits across the supply chain while simultaneously minimizing CO2 emissions as a measure of environmental impact. Results: By implementing the model on a sugar beet supply chain in the Netherlands, strategic crop rotation farm schedules for the crop rotation cycle and the optimum supply network decisions are obtained. Furthermore, different objectives are analyzed and the Pareto-efficient frontier is investigated to analyze the underlying trade-offs. Additionally, the model serves as a decision support tool for managers facilitating informed investment decisions in technologies that prolong product shelf life while maintaining profitability. Conclusions: The proposed multi-objective model offers a valuable framework for designing economically and environmentally sustainable agro-food supply chains. By aligning with sustainability goals and providing decision support, this research contributes to enhancing global food security and promoting sustainable resource utilization.
]]>Logistics doi: 10.3390/logistics7030045
Authors: Julian Vasilev Rosen Nikolaev Tanka Milkova
Background: With regard to the definition of an optimal transport plan for some material flow in the logistics system in literature and practice, the classical transport task model is developed. The minimization of total transport costs is usually considered for optimality. Some modifications to the classical transport task have also been developed. Methods: The article uses the methods of linear optimization. Based on these methods, two modified transport task models have been constructed, which consider the possibility of planning in advance the quantities available from the suppliers of the transported cargo. These models are applicable in SCM for pharmaceuticals with a national logistics hub. Furthermore, a solver in MS Excel is used to determine the optimal solution of optimization models. Results: Two new (modified, extended) models of the transport task have been constructed, in which a preliminary planning of the available quantities of the transported cargo at the suppliers is made. These quantities shall be planned in such a way as to ensure a minimum total transport cost. Conclusions: By applying the proposed new transport task models, lower total transport costs for carrying out imported pharmaceuticals can be ensured compared to an application of the classical transport task model.
]]>Logistics doi: 10.3390/logistics7030044
Authors: Ming Li M. Douglas Voss Joseph D. Cangelosi
Background: To help ensure roadway safety, the federal government mandates trucking companies to conduct pre-employment urine drug tests before allowing drivers to operate a commercial motor vehicle. Unfortunately, urine testing has a short detection window and is easily thwarted, leading some carriers to employ hair testing. Methods: t-tests were utilized to compare hair and urine pre-employment drug test results provided by seven large U.S. trucking companies. Results: results indicate that hair’s positivity rate is statistically greater than urine for each examined drug and across all drugs combined. Conclusions: This paper is the only supply chain work of which we are aware that assesses the statistical differences between hair and urine testing positivity rates. Results support hair testing’s increased ability to prevent lifestyle drug users from operating commercial motor vehicles and should be considered by public policy makers considering whether hair testing results should be allowed into the Drug and Alcohol Clearinghouse.
]]>Logistics doi: 10.3390/logistics7030043
Authors: Ricardo Pereira Neri dos Santos
Background: The Industry 5.0 emerges as a new paradigm for the industry by considering sustainability, human-centered approaches, organizational resilience, and interaction between humans and machines as its core values. This new trend for the future of the industry is referred to as neoindustrialization. Due to being a topic in development, there is still no precise consensus on its definition, which prompted the current study to comprehensively investigate and analyze the existing literature on Industry 5.0. Methods: The method employed was a scoping review, examining publications from various databases and academic journals, including those specific to the Brazilian context. Results: The results indicate a transition towards an industry that meets societal demands and respects planetary boundaries, aspects that were overlooked by Industry 4.0. Conclusions: In this new scenario, the industry reassumes its leadership by combining technology with new strategies and organizational models. Furthermore, it undergoes organizational changes to align its structure, operations, human resources, and new practices, aiming to meet the demands of society and all stakeholders involved. To achieve this, it is necessary to create an environment conducive to innovation and entrepreneurship, promoting the development of qualified human capital, investments in research and development, and strengthening partnerships between the public and private sectors. A successful neoindustrialization policy will generate high-quality jobs and foster economic growth. Industry 5.0 is the paradigm that will prevail in the 21st century. It is not a matter of speculation; it is an inseparable and inevitable reality. Otherwise, the industry will be relegated to a secondary role in the process of digital and social transformation.
]]>Logistics doi: 10.3390/logistics7030042
Authors: Daniel Masini Espíndola Márcio Lopes Pimenta Cláudio Heleno Pinto da Silva Ingridi Vargas Bortolaso
Background: With global changes in markets and government regulations, most organizations, which previously opted for offshore production, began to return to their country of origin—a process called reshoring. The new strategies for locating units and business models, which involve decisions to outsource production and organizational capacity, now face a new context of Industry 4.0, a market for technologies with the potential to transform entire supply chains in addition to directly influencing organizational aspects with innovative solutions and resource efficiency. Methods: This systematic literature review (SLR) found 43 articles relating to reshoring and Industry 4.0; there was an increase in publications in the last few years. We divided the studies according to 9 aspects: market uncertainties and labor supply; support for managerial decision making; competitive priorities analysis (costs and efficiency); business strategies; information knowledge and collaboration management; political, social and economic changes; risk security and privacy management; supply chain management; and investment market and private equity funds. Results: This article presents a content analysis of articles in the field of administration, focusing on location strategies, technology adoption, and organizational changes. The study identifies key aspects such as research quality, publication trends, regional focus, and strategy topics. The findings emphasize the importance of research objectives and problem-solving for managerial decision-making and highlight the need for further exploration in the literature. Conclusions: Reshoring, Industry 4.0, and location strategies are relevant topics for global management. The supply chain plays a role in decision-making for location and technology adoption, suggesting the need for more research in supply chain management.
]]>Logistics doi: 10.3390/logistics7030041
Authors: Ihsan Ullah Muhammad Khan Dilshodjon Alidjonovich Rakhmonov Kalonov Mukhiddin Bakhritdinovich Julija Jacquemod Junghan Bae
Background: A substantial portion of the world’s population owns and utilizes computers and mobile devices, contributing to the rapid expansion of digital advertising. Marketers swiftly recognized the communicative benefits of social media platforms like Facebook, YouTube, Twitter, Instagram, Snapchat, Pinterest, and LinkedIn. Considering the importance of social media platforms and digital modes of marketing, it is considered especially significant for small firms to integrate these platforms into their business strategies in order to improve performance. Methods: Based on this aim, this study collected data from 363 owners/managers of SMEs in Pakistan. Structural equation modeling is used to check the hypothesized model of the study. Results: The results show that compatibility, owner/manager support, employee IT skills, financial cost, government policies, and social influence significantly affect adoption of digital marketing by SMEs in Pakistan. Conclusions: Furthermore, digital marketing also positively affects SME performance. This paper discusses the study’s findings as well as managerial and academic implications, including its limitations and future research avenues.
]]>Logistics doi: 10.3390/logistics7030040
Authors: Daria Minashkina Ari Happonen
Background: With the continuing growth of warehouses globally, there is an increasing need for sustainable logistics solutions in warehousing, but research linking warehouse management systems (WMS) and sustainability is lacking. Methods: A systematic literature review and bibliometric analysis were conducted in Scopus and Web of Science databases from 2006 to 2022 to investigate academic knowledge of WMS contributing to warehouses’ social and environmental sustainability. Results: Findings revealed only 12 topic-relevant articles from 2013 to 2022, primarily published recently. More recent articles have received more citations than earlier published works. The articles were from multiple research fields, such as business economics, engineering, computer science, and social sciences, with only one article on environmentally sustainable technologies. The top keywords were “warehouse management system”, “internet of things”, “industry 4.0” and “supply chain”. Only six articles had environmental sustainability terms in the keywords. Findings show more discussions about social rather than environmental sustainability. Most studies suggest integrating WMS with other systems to support sustainability efforts in warehousing. Conclusions: The study addressed a gap in academic literature regarding WMS and sustainability. Research findings added knowledge of practical activities to achieve warehouse operations and performance sustainability and proactively reduce warehouse operations’ environmental and social impacts.
]]>Logistics doi: 10.3390/logistics7030039
Authors: Riina Palu Olli-Pekka Hilmola
Background: The Middle Corridor, a transport route from Asia to Europe that also facilitates major energy projects through the Caspian Sea and its surrounding countries, has gained even more attention after the intensification of the conflict in Ukraine in 2022. Methods: On the basis of major scientific papers on the topic, foreign policy addresses from The Diplomat and studies by the United Nations and Asian Development Bank Institute, a framework with five aspects was created. In addition, two interviews with sector stakeholders were conducted to apply the framework and determine the relevance of the route to Finnish and Estonian economies. Results: A multifaceted overview of the current economic, political, and infrastructural state of the Trans-Caspian trade route is given. The practical value of the article lies in creating a framework for evaluating the route for related economies and testing this out for the Finnish and Estonian economies. Conclusions: Despite the challenges, there are enormous opportunities in this logistics route, especially with the restrictions facing Russia due to western bloc sanctions. Finland and Estonia, however, are suffering under the effects of war in Ukraine and the related sanctions, which has hindered the capacity to further enhance development projects.
]]>Logistics doi: 10.3390/logistics7030038
Authors: Masilonyane Mokhele Tholang Mokhele
Background: Airports are essential drivers of spatial development; hence the placement of logistics facilities relative to airports is a topical subject. Despite the wealth of the literature on the subject, relatively little is known about the airfreight catchment of airports. To contribute to the existing knowledge, the paper used the study area of the City of Cape Town municipality, South Africa, to address three research objectives, namely analysis of factors that influence the placement of logistics firms in the municipality, analysis of the linkages of the logistics firms with Cape Town International Airport (CTIA), and analysis of the association between airfreight-related firms and the general attributes of logistics firms in the municipality. Methods: The study hinged on a quantitative design, which included a survey and spatial analysis. A total of 110 logistics firms were sampled through a stratified random sampling technique, and 66 firms participated in the telephonic interviews conducted in October and November 2021. Survey data were analyzed using Stata, and spatial analysis was undertaken using ArcGIS 10.8 and QGIS 3.16. Results: It was discovered that a quarter of the respondent logistics firms utilized CTIA for airfreight purposes. At a municipal scale, the potential airfreight catchment of CTIA extended to about a 20 km radius of the airport. Conclusions: In formulating the spatial plans, the planning authorities are encouraged to take cognizance of the possible extent of the catchment, wherein airfreight-related firms do not necessarily locate near the airport.
]]>Logistics doi: 10.3390/logistics7030037
Authors: Rimi Karmakar Sanat K. Mazumder Md Billal Hossain Csaba Balint Illes Arindam Garai
Background: In a typical multiechelon supply chain, the supplier makes semifinished items, from which the manufacturer produces finished products to eventually get sold at retailers. However, the majority of existing supply chain models consider the remanufacturing of defective products by solely one organization, despite the fact that both the supplier and manufacturer can produce defective products. This study considers the remanufacturing of defective products with fresh materials and additional expenses by both the supplier and manufacturer. Contrary to well-established articles that hold major partners to be accountable for reducing carbon emissions under a carbon cap-and-trade policy, the proposed model presumes an initial green technological investment by each chain partner. Methods: This study represents a varying market with fuzzy cost components that are then defuzzified with λ-integral method. This study determines the critical values of three discrete and four other continuous decision variables that globally maximize the profitability of the proposed model. Results: Slower production with a longer cycle boosts profitability in a developing market. To increase profit, a case study on the oil and natural gas business suggested to reduce the production of defective items and cutting emission through green investments. Conclusions: Managers can sustainably boost profit via careful production, modern machinery, and slightly longer cycles.
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