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School-to-Work Transition of NEETS
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School-to-Work Transition of NEETS

A special issue of Youth (ISSN 2673-995X).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (1 April 2023) | Viewed by 11760

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Gabriela Neagu

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Research Institute for Quality of Life, Romanian Academy, Bucharest, Romania
Interests: sociology of education; NEETs; social policies; quality of life; social inequalities; social structure
Dr. Muhammet Berigel

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Management Information Systems, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey
Interests: ICT; web-based learning; digital skills; NEETs; distance learning; vulnerable groups; education

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The transition from school to the labor market (STWT) is a complex process, sometimes long-lasting and with very different trajectories and outcomes. For some young people, the process leads to precariousness, marginalization, and exclusion, but for others it leads to success and socio-professional integration. When we talk about NEETs and the transition from school to the labor market, we tend to think that for these young people the process has been a failure; they have left the education system but have failed to integrate either socially or professionally. However, the relationship between NEETs and the transition from school to work processes is much more complex, and thus it cannot be reduced to just this, requiring a more sophisticated approach. For example, contrary to the perception that this category is made up of a single type of person, NEETs are characterized by a high level of heterogeneity and a wide variety of profiles and experiences. Additionally, the transition from school to work has changed significantly in recent decades and continues to change. Completing a form of education, finding a single job for the rest of one's working life, followed by retirement has become an increasingly rare route among young people. Multiple school and professional trajectories are dominant, offering a wide range of opportunities but also risks. Which of these trajectories can we find on NEETs?  Who are NEETs? How does this category of population relate to the transition process? These are some of the questions we suggest you find together.

The scope of this Special Issue is to provide a platform for researchers, professors, Ph.D. students, as well as specialists in other fields (trainers, youth workers, entrepreneurs, etc.), to share their research work in the field of STWT, including aspects of employment, unemployment, the relationship between the school and labor markets, employment policies, the accessibility of various forms of education, early school leaving, school social exclusion and inclusion, and the relationships between community, family, and NEETs, etc.

Dr. Gabriela Neagu
Dr. Muhammet Berigel
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Youth is an international peer-reviewed open access quarterly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 1000 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • school-to-work transition (STWT)
  • NEETs
  • youth
  • education
  • labor market
  • policies
  • ICT
  • digital skills

Published Papers (5 papers)

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17 pages, 287 KiB  
Article
Understanding and Reducing NEET: Perspectives of Schoolteachers and Career Advice Service Providers
by Andrew Holliman, Ingrid Schoon, Jane Hurry and Daniel Waldeck
Youth 2023, 3(2), 579-595; https://doi.org/10.3390/youth3020039 - 20 Apr 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2172
Abstract
There are growing concerns about the number of children and young people who are “Not in Education, Employment, or Training” (NEET). The literature suggests that further research is warranted to help understand what can be done to reduce the number of pupils at [...] Read more.
There are growing concerns about the number of children and young people who are “Not in Education, Employment, or Training” (NEET). The literature suggests that further research is warranted to help understand what can be done to reduce the number of pupils at risk of NEET, to enable a successful transition into education, employment, or training. In this study, the views of schoolteachers (who provide careers support in schools and make NEET referrals) and career advice service providers (who receive NEET referrals from schoolteachers) are gauged to gain better insight regarding existing careers provision in schools and the efficacy of NEET referral processes. Using a qualitative interview approach, two schoolteachers from the West Midlands (UK) and three career advice service providers were recruited for the study. Thematic analysis of the interviews with schoolteachers identified four superordinate themes: Pupil Contact and Support; A Whole-School Approach to Careers Guidance; Broadening Horizons and Creating Opportunities; NEET Identification and Referral: When, How, and What Happens Next? The interviews with career advice service providers distinguished three superordinate themes: Navigating a Dynamic Landscape; Integration and Affiliation with Schools; Reaching Pupils at Risk of NEET. Taken together, the findings indicate that providing improved and continued communication, collaboration, and coordination of different services appear to be key leverages to address the multiple service needs of young people at risk. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue School-to-Work Transition of NEETS)
14 pages, 569 KiB  
Article
A Typology of Transition Patterns Involving Long-Term NEET Episodes: Accumulation of Risk and Adversity
by Helle Bendix Kleif
Youth 2023, 3(1), 170-183; https://doi.org/10.3390/youth3010012 - 09 Feb 2023
Viewed by 1820
Abstract
This paper uses Danish population-based administrative registers to study contemporary school-to-work transitions among young adults who experience long-term NEET episodes between age 16 and 20. By applying sequence analysis and clustering, this paper identifies five distinct transition patterns. Using this typology as the [...] Read more.
This paper uses Danish population-based administrative registers to study contemporary school-to-work transitions among young adults who experience long-term NEET episodes between age 16 and 20. By applying sequence analysis and clustering, this paper identifies five distinct transition patterns. Using this typology as the outcome variable in multinomial regression the paper offers insight into how experiences and circumstances, developing until age 16, can affect the subsequently unfolding transition process. Finally, the paper looks ahead and describes whether transitional difficulty accumulates into early adulthood. While one transition pattern stands out as more stable and less worrying, three of the remaining four demonstrate how transitional difficulty between age 16 and 20 develops as precarious patterns of attachment to well-established systems within the Danish welfare state. It is further established that various childhood risk factors significantly increase the odds of experiencing precarious transition patterns. Finally, the analyses demonstrate how instability and risk during childhood and school-to-work transition extend into early adulthood for a large part of the study population. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue School-to-Work Transition of NEETS)
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20 pages, 316 KiB  
Article
Discrimination towards Youth in Goods and Services Markets: Evidence from Field Experiments in France
by David M. Gray, Yannick L’Horty, Souleymane Mbaye and Pascale Petit
Youth 2022, 2(4), 772-791; https://doi.org/10.3390/youth2040055 - 19 Dec 2022
Viewed by 1542
Abstract
In this study, we carried out seven distinct and independent rounds of correspondence tests to detect discriminatory behavior in domains and markets in France that have not previously been subjected to much investigation in the literature. The study areas included: purchasing a used [...] Read more.
In this study, we carried out seven distinct and independent rounds of correspondence tests to detect discriminatory behavior in domains and markets in France that have not previously been subjected to much investigation in the literature. The study areas included: purchasing a used car; purchasing an auto insurance policy; applying for a car loan; purchasing supplemental health insurance; enrolling in an adult training program; purchasing an existing small business; and renting vacation accommodations. Access to these items and services are associated with either potential pathways to a middle-class job or hallmarks of a middle-class living standard. We seek to discern evidence of discriminatory behavior according to the criteria of age, gender, ethnic origin, and the reputation of the neighborhood of residence (advantaged or disadvantaged). We discern statistically significant patterns in our observed statistical outcome (callback rates) in all seven markets, which we interpret as possibly indicative of discriminatory behavior; however, the criteria, the magnitudes, and the signs differ from one market to another. One finding is that differential treatment based on ethnicity and the reputation of the neighborhood (i.e., neutral or disadvantaged) might not be as systematic and mutually reinforcing as they are frequently perceived to be in the domains of labor and housing markets. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue School-to-Work Transition of NEETS)
13 pages, 299 KiB  
Article
From Sport to Work? Exploring Potentials in a Moroccan Sport-for-Employability Programme
by Louis Moustakas, Viviane Raub, Yassine Moufagued and Karen Petry
Youth 2022, 2(4), 759-771; https://doi.org/10.3390/youth2040054 - 15 Dec 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2951
Abstract
Sport for development (SFD) has become an increasingly recognised and used approach to support positive social development across several contexts and thematic areas, including as it relates to improving the employability of young people not in employment or education (NEETs). Despite this, there [...] Read more.
Sport for development (SFD) has become an increasingly recognised and used approach to support positive social development across several contexts and thematic areas, including as it relates to improving the employability of young people not in employment or education (NEETs). Despite this, there has been limited research in this area, and we only have a partial picture of the experiences, mechanisms, and design of sport-for-employability programmes. Responding to this, the following paper presents the results of a qualitative study on the experiences and outcomes associated with an employability-focused SFD programme based in Casablanca, Morocco. Results illustrate how the programme provided crucial support to encourage consistent engagement and that this programme offered valuable opportunities for practical experiences and recognised qualifications. Nonetheless, many participants remain in short-term or precarious employment situations. Thus, closer alignment with job market needs and engagement with employment policy issues are likely needed to support longer-term, more secure employment. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue School-to-Work Transition of NEETS)

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7 pages, 596 KiB  
Brief Report
Macro-Determinants of NEET: An Ecological Study at the Country Level of Analysis for the Period 1997–2020
by Simone Amendola
Youth 2022, 2(3), 384-390; https://doi.org/10.3390/youth2030028 - 05 Sep 2022
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 2130
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to examine macro-determinants of the Not Engaged in Employment, Education or Training (NEET) rate with the country as the unit of analysis. Data from 40 countries were extracted from the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development [...] Read more.
The aim of the present study was to examine macro-determinants of the Not Engaged in Employment, Education or Training (NEET) rate with the country as the unit of analysis. Data from 40 countries were extracted from the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) database. Linear mixed models were used to examine associations between the NEET rate and gross domestic product (GDP), population density, life expectancy, social spending, homicide rate, part-time employment, poverty, social inequality (GINI index), and education spending. As part of a sensitivity analysis, the analysis was repeated using open data from the World Bank Group. GDP and social spending were uniquely associated with the NEET rate after controlling for the effects of other factors. Social inequality, poverty, and education spending showed borderline significant associations with the NEET rate. The findings of the present ecological study showed associations between environmentally unfavourable conditions or harshness and the NEET rate at the country level and may inform appropriate policy measures to contain and promote a decrease in the NEET rate. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue School-to-Work Transition of NEETS)
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