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Water
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Cycling, Controlling, and Recapturing of Phosphorus in Eutrophic Waters
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Cycling, Controlling, and Recapturing of Phosphorus in Eutrophic Waters

A special issue of Water (ISSN 2073-4441). This special issue belongs to the section "Water Quality and Contamination".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 August 2022) | Viewed by 6222

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Gang Pan

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Animal, Rural and Environmental Sciences, Nottingham Trent University, Southwell NG25 0QF, UK
Interests: lake restoration; sediment remediation; algal bloom control; nutrient management
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Grant Douglas

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Land and Water, CSIRO, Wembley, WA 6913, Australia
Interests: lake and river management; eutrophication; novel adsorptive materials; aquatic and sediment geochemistry
Prof. Dr. Robert Mortimer

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Humanities, York St John University, York YO31 7EX, UK
Interests: biogeochemical cycling; aquatic environments; nutrients; trace metals; iron; sulfur

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The global phosphorus (P) reserve, largely derived from phosphate rock, is essential for crop growth to support the growing world population. However, a significant proportion of phosphorus used as a fertilizer runs into natural waters, and most P in food is eventually discharged as waste after being digested by humans and animals, causing eutrophication and ecological damage. This Special Issue of Water aims to compile the latest advances in our understanding of the biogeochemical P cycle, its impact on the aquatic ecological system, how it can be repaired and controlled by engineering measures, and whether the excess P in natural waters can be re-captured and utilized as a resource. Original contributions in ecological, geochemical, biological, physical, hydrologic, social, and management aspects of natural water pollution and circular economy will be welcomed.

Prof. Dr. Gang Pan
Dr. Grant Douglas
Prof. Dr. Robert Mortimer
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Water is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • nutrient cycling
  • lakes
  • rivers
  • reservoir
  • eutrophication
  • algal bloom
  • sediment
  • geo-engineering methods
  • aquatic ecological resilience

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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12 pages, 913 KiB  
Article
Removal of Phosphorus from Hypolimnetic Lake Water by Reactive Filter Material in a Recirculating System—Laboratory Trial
by Agnieszka Renman and Gunno Renman
Water 2022, 14(5), 819; https://doi.org/10.3390/w14050819 - 06 Mar 2022
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 2317
Abstract
A toolbox of methods must be available for the remediation of lakes and water bodies suffering from eutrophication. One method suggested is hypolimnetic withdrawal based on a closed-circuit system. Prior to the start of a pilot-scale test at Lake Hönsan, Sweden, a laboratory [...] Read more.
A toolbox of methods must be available for the remediation of lakes and water bodies suffering from eutrophication. One method suggested is hypolimnetic withdrawal based on a closed-circuit system. Prior to the start of a pilot-scale test at Lake Hönsan, Sweden, a laboratory trial with containers filled with water and bottom sediment from this lake was performed. A peristaltic pump distributed equal bottom water volume to four columns, two filled with glass beads and two with the filter material Polonite, and then back to the surface of the containers. The reactive filter medium (RFM) removed phosphate (PO4-P) efficiently (98.6%), despite the relatively low influent concentration (390 µg L−1). The control column filled with glass beads, removed 2.9% of the PO4-P. The anoxic sediment, containing 2.47 mg P g−1, released PO4-P, which was indicated by the increased concentration in near-bottom water. The redirected water after RFM filtration had high pH (x¯=11.1); however, an equalization took place in the water mass to a lower but still increased pH value  (x¯=8.7) compared to the control  (x¯=7.02). This article reports the pros and cons of a full-scale system using the proposed method. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Cycling, Controlling, and Recapturing of Phosphorus in Eutrophic Waters)
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Review

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11 pages, 7342 KiB  
Review
Oxygen Nanobubbles for Lake Restoration—Where Are We at? A Review of a New-Generation Approach to Managing Lake Eutrophication
by Sean Waters, David Hamilton, Gang Pan, Steven Michener and Shaun Ogilvie
Water 2022, 14(13), 1989; https://doi.org/10.3390/w14131989 - 21 Jun 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2624
Abstract
Nutrient enrichment of lakes from anthropogenic activities is a significant and increasing issue globally, impairing the health, biodiversity and service provisioning from lakes, with impacts on cultural, recreational, economic and aesthetic values. Internal nutrient loads from lakebed sediment releases are a primary cause [...] Read more.
Nutrient enrichment of lakes from anthropogenic activities is a significant and increasing issue globally, impairing the health, biodiversity and service provisioning from lakes, with impacts on cultural, recreational, economic and aesthetic values. Internal nutrient loads from lakebed sediment releases are a primary cause of lake eutrophication and have necessitated geoengineering methods to mitigate releases and speed up recovery from eutrophication. Our objective in this review was to evaluate the use of oxygen nanobubbles as a geoengineering technology to remediate low oxygen conditions at the lake sediment/water interface, as a precursor to alleviating eutrophication linked to high internal nutrient loads. Oxygen nanobubbles (NBs) are bubbles < 1000 nm formed at the interface of solid surfaces and aqueous solutions. These bubbles have higher density than water, persist for longer and facilitate greater oxygen solubility than larger bubbles. Methods have been developed to enable NB formation at the surface of carrier materials, which are then used in conjunction with modified local soils (MLSs), to ‘floc, lock and oxygenate’ to strip nutrients from the water column, locking them in lakebed sediments and oxygenating the sediments to prevent re-release of nutrients. Most studies of NBs for lake restoration have thus far only demonstrated their potential for this purpose, using short-term, small-scale core incubations conducted mainly in laboratory settings. Work is required to (1) address scalability, including procurement and cost, (2) extend laboratory incubation studies to large outdoor enclosures and pond/lake trials, (3) examine longevity of the effects in the natural environment, including potential for MLSs to smother benthos and/or have toxic effects, and (4) extend to a range of lake environments and MLS types. Legal, cultural and social acceptance of the technology is another prerequisite of applications in the natural environment and requires individualised analysis. Until these issues are addressed in a systematic way that addresses scalability and recommends suitable carrier materials and MLSs, NBs may continue to remain largely untried as a geoengineering method to address lake eutrophication. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Cycling, Controlling, and Recapturing of Phosphorus in Eutrophic Waters)
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