Sediment Transport in Coastal Waters 2.0

A special issue of Water (ISSN 2073-4441). This special issue belongs to the section "Water Erosion and Sediment Transport".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 December 2021) | Viewed by 9877

Special Issue Editors

French National Research Institute for Sustainable Development (IRD), LEGOS, Université de Toulouse, 14 avenue E. Belin, 31400 Toulouse, France
Interests: sediment dynamics; sediment processes; watershed; estuaries; coastal oceanography; effects of climate change and human activity on sediment budget; ocean color in coastal waters and applications; numerical modeling
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UMR 7266 LIENSs, National Center for Scientific Research (CNRS)-La Rochelle University, 2 rue Olympe de Gouges, 17000 La Rochelle, France
Interests: physical processes controlling the morphodynamics of coastal zones; extreme events; infragravity waves
IFREMER, DYNECO/DHYSED, CS10070, 29280 Plouzané, France
Interests: Hydrodynamics and sediment dynamics in estuaries and coastal seas; From processes to global fluxes, using controlled experiments, in situ observation, remote sensing and numerical modelling; Impact of extreme events and human activities

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The interface of 440,000 km long coastline in the world is subject to global change, with an increasing human pressure (land use, buildings, sand mining, dredging, fisheries and aquculture) partly associated to the increase in coastal population. Globally, while land erosion has increased in the last decades, sediment input to the ocean has decreased. Sediment transport and distribution at the land-ocean interface has huge impacts on morphodynamics of estuaries, deltas and coastal zones, on water quality (and related issues such as aquaculture), on navigation and harbor capability, on recreation areas, on ecosystem services, etc. In order to adress these challenges and to refine the sediment budgets along the land-sea continuum (bedload and suspension), the scientific knowledge on sediment dynamics must be improved on processes through field surveys, modelling, space observation or experiments in laboratory. Sediment transport is mainly driven by varying dynamic forcings (currents, tides, wind, waves, turbulence, stratification, density currents, etc.) in estuaries, in Regions Of Freshwater Influence, on shelves or in canyons. It is also affected by chemical and biological processes through complex interactions with sediment mechanisms. After the success of the first Special Issue dedicated to this topic, we are pleased to invite scientists working on various aspects of sediment transport, in muddy, sandy or mixed environments, to share their most recent results and give reviews or examples encompassing different aspects of sediment transport in coastal zones at different scales. Papers may deal with water and sediment analysis (including new methods, new devices) based on experimental studies, numerical modeling, field observation, remote sensing or a combination of several methods.

Dr. Sylvain Ouillon
Dr. Xavier Bertin
Dr. Romaric Verney
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • sediment transport processes
  • sediment budget
  • suspension
  • bed load
  • estuaries
  • coastal zones
  • river plume
  • nearshore processes
  • numerical modeling
  • remote sensing

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

20 pages, 6232 KiB  
Article
Improvement in the Sediment Management of a Lagoon Harbor: The Case of Marano Lagunare, Italy
by Silvia Bosa, Marco Petti and Sara Pascolo
Water 2021, 13(21), 3074; https://doi.org/10.3390/w13213074 - 02 Nov 2021
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 2574
Abstract
Port silting is a common and natural process which often causes serious inconveniences for safe navigation and requires expensive dredging operations to keep the port operative. Sediment deposition is closely related to the exchange water between the basin and the surrounding environment; one [...] Read more.
Port silting is a common and natural process which often causes serious inconveniences for safe navigation and requires expensive dredging operations to keep the port operative. Sediment deposition is closely related to the exchange water between the basin and the surrounding environment; one way to limit deposits is by reducing the flow entering the port. However, this may be in contrast with the need for adequate sediment quality, which in turn is closely related to an appropriate water current. This seems to be particularly important in lagoon environments, where sediments are often polluted, making its disposal more complicated and costly. The present paper investigates the situation of the port of Marano Lagunare (Italy) by means of a bidimensional morphological-hydrodynamic and spectral coupled model. To reduce the sediment input into the port, the closure of a secondary port entrance is usually suggested. However, this work demonstrates that a complete dredging of the secondary port inlet allows for an increase in water circulation or efficiency renewal, which ensures a better oxygenation at the bottom of the canals. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sediment Transport in Coastal Waters 2.0)
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26 pages, 6313 KiB  
Article
Observations of Nearbed Turbulence over Mobile Bedforms in Combined, Collinear Wave-Current Flows
by Hachem Kassem, Charlotte E. L. Thompson, Carl L. Amos, Ian H. Townend, David Todd, Richard J. S. Whitehouse and Elizabeth Chellew
Water 2020, 12(12), 3515; https://doi.org/10.3390/w12123515 - 14 Dec 2020
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2395
Abstract
Collinear wave-current shear interactions are often assumed to be the same for currents following or opposing the direction of regular wave propagation; with momentum and mass exchanges restricted to the thin oscillating boundary layer (zero-flux condition) and enhanced but equal wave-averaged bed shear [...] Read more.
Collinear wave-current shear interactions are often assumed to be the same for currents following or opposing the direction of regular wave propagation; with momentum and mass exchanges restricted to the thin oscillating boundary layer (zero-flux condition) and enhanced but equal wave-averaged bed shear stresses. To examine these assumptions, a prototype-scale experiment investigated the nature of turbulent exchanges in flows with currents aligned to, and opposing, wave propagation over a mobile sandy bed. Estimated mean and maximum stresses from measurements above the bed exceeded predictions by models of bed shear stress subscribing to the assumptions above, suggesting the combined boundary layer is larger than predicted by theory. The core flow experiences upward turbulent fluxes in aligned flows, coupled with sediment entrainment by vortex shedding at flow reversal, whilst downward fluxes of eddies generated by the core flow, and strong adverse shear can enhance near-bed mass transport, in opposing currents. Current-aligned coherent structures contribute significantly to the stress and energy dissipation, and display characteristics of wall-attached eddies formed by the pairing of counter-rotating vortices. These preliminary findings suggest a notable difference in wave-following and wave-opposing wave-current interactions, and highlight the need to account for intermittent momentum-exchanges in predicting stress, boundary layer thickness and sediment transport. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sediment Transport in Coastal Waters 2.0)
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20 pages, 5143 KiB  
Article
Particle Dynamics in Ushuaia Bay (Tierra del Fuego)-Potential Effect on Dissolved Oxygen Depletion
by Ximena Flores Melo, Jacobo Martín, Lounes Kerdel, François Bourrin, Cristina Beatriz Colloca, Christophe Menniti and Xavier Durrieu de Madron
Water 2020, 12(2), 324; https://doi.org/10.3390/w12020324 - 22 Jan 2020
Cited by 27 | Viewed by 3679
Abstract
This study examines the distribution and seasonal evolution of hydrographic, hydrodynamic, and nepheloid layers in Ushuaia Bay and the submerged glacial valley that connects it to the Beagle Channel. The hydrographic structure is highly seasonal, with a total mixing of the water column [...] Read more.
This study examines the distribution and seasonal evolution of hydrographic, hydrodynamic, and nepheloid layers in Ushuaia Bay and the submerged glacial valley that connects it to the Beagle Channel. The hydrographic structure is highly seasonal, with a total mixing of the water column in winter and the appearance of a pycnocline between 50 and 70 m deep from spring to late autumn, mainly due to desalination. A counter-clockwise current sweeps the entire bay regardless of the season or phase of the tide. This current is at its maximum in the surface layer, allowing the rapid renewal of the bay’s waters, while deep currents are weak and imply a slow renewal of the valley’s waters. Turbid and oxygen-depleted structures are observed in summer in the valley. The combination of seasonal stratification, high organic matter inputs from planktonic production, oxygen consumption for remineralization, and sluggish circulation results in a decrease in near-bottom oxygen concentration in the glacial valley at the end of the stratified season, before mixing and re-oxygenation of the water column during the southern winter. The possible impact of dissolved oxygen depletion in the bottom waters of the valley on benthic organisms, like crustaceans, is discussed. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sediment Transport in Coastal Waters 2.0)
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