Tuberculosis (TB) and HIV Coinfection

A special issue of Viruses (ISSN 1999-4915). This special issue belongs to the section "Human Virology and Viral Diseases".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 April 2024 | Viewed by 2083

Special Issue Editor

Department of Infection and Immunity, Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
Interests: COVID-19; influenza; HIV; emerging infectious diseases; clinical management; diagnosis

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This Special Issue aims to present the most recent advances in the diagnosis, treatment and research of HIV and Mycobacterium Tuberculosis co-infection. The Special Issue will attend to a variety of topics that include, but are not limited to, the following: 1) the prevalence of tuberculosis among HIV-infected/AIDS patients; 2) technologies and strategies employed in the screening and diagnosis of tuberculosis in HIV-infected/AIDS patients; 3) the treatment and outcome of tuberculosis in HIV-infected/AIDS patients, particularly with regard to clinical research that is related to the WHO’s recommended short-term treatment strategy for drug-sensitive tuberculosis in HIV-positive patients; 4) antiviral treatment  and treatment outcomes in HIV-positive patients with tuberculosis; 5) the interaction between anti-HIV drugs and anti-tuberculosis drugs; 6) the pathogenesis, intervention and prognosis of tuberculosis-associated immune reconstitution inflammation; and 7) the long-term prognosis and management mode of HIV-infected/AIDS patients with tuberculosis. This Special Issue focuses on clinical research, particularly multi-center clinical studies, but related basic research is also greatly welcome.

Dr. Yinzhong Shen
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • tuberculosis
  • HIV infection
  • epidemiology
  • diagnosis
  • treatment
  • antiretroviral therapy
  • immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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12 pages, 487 KiB  
Article
The Effect of HIV and Antiretroviral Therapy on Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis Treatment Outcomes in Eastern Cape, South Africa: A Cohort Study
by Brittney van de Water, Nadia Abuelezam, Jenny Hotchkiss, Mandla Botha and Limpho Ramangoaela
Viruses 2023, 15(11), 2242; https://doi.org/10.3390/v15112242 - 10 Nov 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 887
Abstract
South Africa has a dual high burden of HIV and drug-resistant TB (DR-TB). We sought to understand the association of HIV and antiretroviral therapy status with TB treatment outcomes. This was a retrospective chart review of 246 patients who began treatment at two [...] Read more.
South Africa has a dual high burden of HIV and drug-resistant TB (DR-TB). We sought to understand the association of HIV and antiretroviral therapy status with TB treatment outcomes. This was a retrospective chart review of 246 patients who began treatment at two DR-TB hospitals in Eastern Cape, South Africa between 2017 and 2020. A categorical outcome with three levels was considered: unfavorable, transferred out, and successful. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression were used to compare the individuals without HIV, with HIV and on antiretroviral therapy (ART), and with HIV but not on ART. Sixty-four percent of patients were co-infected with HIV, with eighty-seven percent of these individuals on ART at treatment initiation. The majority (59%) of patients had a successful treatment outcome. Twenty-one percent of patients transferred out, and an additional twenty-one percent did not have a successful outcome. Individuals without HIV had more than three and a half times the odds of success compared to individuals with HIV on ART and more than ten times the odds of a successful outcome compared to individuals with HIV not on ART (OR 3.64, 95% CI 1.11, 11.95; OR 10.24, 95% CI 2.79, 37.61). HIV co-infection, especially when untreated, significantly decreased the odds of treatment success compared to individuals without HIV co-infection. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Tuberculosis (TB) and HIV Coinfection)
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Review

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13 pages, 1311 KiB  
Review
HIV–TB Coinfection: Current Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Interactions
by Inesa Navasardyan, Rita Miwalian, Aelita Petrosyan, Stephanie Yeganyan and Vishwanath Venketaraman
Viruses 2024, 16(3), 321; https://doi.org/10.3390/v16030321 - 21 Feb 2024
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Abstract
The co-occurrence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and tuberculosis (TB) infection poses a significant global health challenge. Treatment of HIV and TB co-infection often necessitates combination therapy involving antiretroviral therapy (ART) for HIV and anti-TB medications, which introduces the potential for drug–drug interactions [...] Read more.
The co-occurrence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and tuberculosis (TB) infection poses a significant global health challenge. Treatment of HIV and TB co-infection often necessitates combination therapy involving antiretroviral therapy (ART) for HIV and anti-TB medications, which introduces the potential for drug–drug interactions (DDIs). These interactions can significantly impact treatment outcomes, the efficacy of treatment, safety, and overall patient well-being. This review aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of the DDIs between anti-HIV and anti-TB drugs as well as potential adverse effects resulting from the concomitant use of these medications. Furthermore, such findings may be used to develop personalized therapeutic strategies, dose adjustments, or alternative drug choices to minimize the risk of adverse outcomes and ensure the effective management of HIV and TB co-infection. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Tuberculosis (TB) and HIV Coinfection)
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