New Insights into Astronomy and Earth Observations: From Observations to the Theory

A special issue of Universe (ISSN 2218-1997).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 January 2024) | Viewed by 3661

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Guest Editor
Assistant Research Professor, The Astrophysics and Ionospheric Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, 11080 Belgrade, Serbia
Interests: space weather studies; solar–terrestrial interactions; ionospheric plasma processes; ionospheric modeling; subionosperic radio propagation; natural hazards; near-earth environment coupling

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Guest Editor
Assistant Research Professor, Low-Background Laboratory for Nuclear Physics, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, 11080 Belgrade, Serbia
Interests: cosmic ray physics; solar modulation; space weather studies; nuclear astrophysics; muons

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Guest Editor
Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, 11080 Belgrade, Serbia
Interests: statistical modeling in atmospheric physics; multivariate receptor modeling; ground-based remote sensing for retrieval of the atmospheric composition; aerosol optical properties; aerosol physical and chemical characterization and climatic role; air quality
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

In modern science, special interest in the research of solar-influenced extreme events in the atmosphere, ionosphere and magnetosphere, and space-weather-related interactions, has arisen. The scope of this Special Issue is to address these topics as a multidisciplinary field of research, important in diversified areas of physics such as plasma physics, atomic physics, meteorology, stellar and astroparticle physics. We welcome new research insights, both theoretical and observational, related to the magnetosphere and ionosphere, radiative transfer and the influence of space weather climate on the biosphere.

Therefore, this Special Issue will also address high-priority questions in an increasingly technological world, such as possible predictions of the extent of intense solar radiation effects on the Earth, its environment and human activities. We encourage contributions dealing with a multi-instrumental approach and integrated multi-variate data analysis to study this impact, its consequences and possible forecasting.

This Special Issue welcomes contributions on the following topics:

  • Stellar atmosphere;
  • Stellar spectroscopy;
  • Space environment forecasting models;
  • Space weather effects;
  • X-ray emission and absorption;
  • Magnetospheric studies and irregularities;
  • Ionospheric studies and irregularities;
  • Wave–particle interaction related to the ionosphere;
  • Atmosphere spectral properties;
  • Mapping and monitoring atmosphere;
  • Radiative transfer;
  • Multi-wavelength observations;
  • Data analysis;
  • Data-driven models;
  • A&M databases;
  • Astroinformatics.

While we expect many contributions from participants of the “V Meeting on Astrophysical Spectroscopy - A&M DATA: Astronomy & Earth Observations”, planned to be organized from September 12 to 15, 2023 at Palić, Serbia (http://asspectro2023.ipb.ac.rs), we also welcome original and high-quality relevant manuscripts from all scientists working on the above-mentioned topics.  

We look forward to receiving your contributions.

Dr. Aleksandra Kolarski
Prof. Dr. Vladimir Sreckovic
Dr. Nikola Veselinović
Dr. Zoran Mijic
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Universe is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

16 pages, 531 KiB  
Article
Stark Broadening of N VI Spectral Lines
by Milan S. Dimitrijević, Magdalena D. Christova and Sylvie Sahal-Bréchot
Universe 2023, 9(12), 511; https://doi.org/10.3390/universe9120511 - 09 Dec 2023
Viewed by 978
Abstract
Stark broadening parameters, line widths and shifts, for 15 N VI multiplets are calculated using semiclassical perturbation theory for temperatures from 50,000 K to 2,000,000 K, and perturber density of 1016 cm3. As perturbers have been taken electrons, protons [...] Read more.
Stark broadening parameters, line widths and shifts, for 15 N VI multiplets are calculated using semiclassical perturbation theory for temperatures from 50,000 K to 2,000,000 K, and perturber density of 1016 cm3. As perturbers have been taken electrons, protons and He III ions (alpha particles), which are of interest particularly for white dwarfs. Moreover, B III, B IV, B V and B VI ions have been taken as well, due to their significance for proton-boron fusion investigations. An example of the importance of Stark broadening in comparison with thermal Doppler broadening in atmospheres of spectral class DO white dwarfs is also presented. The obtained results are of interest particularly for white dwarf atmospheres modelling and analysis and synthesis of their spectra as well as for laser driven plasma in proton-boron fusion investigations. Full article
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20 pages, 5963 KiB  
Article
Random Forest Classification and Ionospheric Response to Solar Flares: Analysis and Validation
by Filip Arnaut, Aleksandra Kolarski and Vladimir A. Srećković
Universe 2023, 9(10), 436; https://doi.org/10.3390/universe9100436 - 30 Sep 2023
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 1162
Abstract
The process of manually checking, validating, and excluding data in an ionospheric very-low-frequency (VLF) analysis during extreme events is a labor-intensive and time-consuming task. However, this task can be automated through the utilization of machine learning (ML) classification techniques. This research paper employed [...] Read more.
The process of manually checking, validating, and excluding data in an ionospheric very-low-frequency (VLF) analysis during extreme events is a labor-intensive and time-consuming task. However, this task can be automated through the utilization of machine learning (ML) classification techniques. This research paper employed the Random Forest (RF) classification algorithm to automatically classify the impact of solar flares on ionospheric VLF data and erroneous data points, such as instrumentation errors and noisy data. The data used for analysis were collected during September and October 2011, encompassing solar flare classes ranging from C2.5 to X2.1. The F1-score values obtained from the test dataset displayed values of 0.848; meanwhile, a more detailed analysis revealed that, due to the imbalanced distribution of the target class, the per-class F1-score indicated higher values for the normal data point class (0.69–0.97) compared to those of the anomalous data point class (0.31 to 0.71). Instances of successful and inadequate categorization were analyzed and presented visually. This research investigated the potential application of ML techniques in the automated identification and classification of erroneous VLF amplitude data points; however, the findings of this research hold promise for the detection of short-term ionospheric responses to, e.g., gamma ray bursts (GRBs), or in the analysis of pre-earthquake ionospheric anomalies. Full article
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11 pages, 1070 KiB  
Article
Stark Broadening of Al IV Spectral Lines
by Milan S. Dimitrijević and Magdalena D. Christova
Universe 2023, 9(3), 126; https://doi.org/10.3390/universe9030126 - 28 Feb 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 731
Abstract
Stark widths for 23 transitions in Al IV have been calculated by employing the modified semiempirical method. The results are obtained for an electron density of 1017 cm3 and temperatures from 10,000 K to 160,000 K. The results obtained in [...] Read more.
Stark widths for 23 transitions in Al IV have been calculated by employing the modified semiempirical method. The results are obtained for an electron density of 1017 cm3 and temperatures from 10,000 K to 160,000 K. The results obtained in this investigation are used for the examination of the influence of Stark broadening in Al IV stellar spectra, as well as to check the Stark width regular behavior and similarites within the Al IV spectrum. Full article
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