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Symmetry
Special Issues
Recent Advances in Neutrino Physics
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Recent Advances in Neutrino Physics

A special issue of Symmetry (ISSN 2073-8994). This special issue belongs to the section "Physics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 November 2023) | Viewed by 7417

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Daniela Kirilova

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Institute of Astronomy and NAO, Sofia, Bulgaria
Interests: cosmology; astroparticle physics; neutrino physics; theoretical physics

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues, 

Neutrino physics has marked a remarkable progress during the last decades. Namely we have witnessed experimental, observational and theoretical breakthroughs concerning determination of neutrino characteristic, detection of neutrino from different environments, deeper understanding of neutrino role in the Standard Model, neutrino role in astrophysics and in cosmology, etc.

This special issue will be dedicated to the latest research and advances in neutrino physics, neutrino astrophysics and cosmology. The topics will include:

  • neutrino characteristics: masses, mixing, neutrino types, etc.
  • neutrino oscillations results;
  • neutrino from different sources: solar neutrino, atmospheric neutrino, geo-neutrinos, SN neutrinos, AGN neutrino, relic neutrino, etc;
  • cosmological role of neutrino, including neutrino role as Dark Matter, baryogenesis through leptogenesis, etc.
Prof. Daniela Kirilova
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Symmetry is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

12 pages, 319 KiB  
Article
Big Bang Nucleosynthesis Constraints and Indications for Beyond Standard Model Neutrino Physics
by Daniela Kirilova, Mariana Panayotova and Emanuil Chizhov
Symmetry 2024, 16(1), 53; https://doi.org/10.3390/sym16010053 - 30 Dec 2023
Viewed by 808
Abstract
We use Big Bang Nucleosynthesis (BBN) to probe Beyond Standard Model physics in the neutrino sector. Recently, the abundances of primordially produced light elements D and He-4 were determined from observations with better accuracy. The good agreement between the theoretically predicted abundances of [...] Read more.
We use Big Bang Nucleosynthesis (BBN) to probe Beyond Standard Model physics in the neutrino sector. Recently, the abundances of primordially produced light elements D and He-4 were determined from observations with better accuracy. The good agreement between the theoretically predicted abundances of primordially produced light elements and those derived from observations allows us to update the BBN constraints on Beyond Standard Model (BSM) physics. We provide numerical analysis of several BSM models of BBN and obtain precise cosmological constraints and indications for new neutrino physics. Namely, we derive more stringent BBN constraints on electron neutrino–sterile neutrino oscillations corresponding to 1% uncertainty of the observational determination of the primordial He-4. The cosmological constraints are obtained both for the zero and non-zero cases of the initial population of the sterile neutrino state. Then, in a degenerate BBN model with neutrino νe↔νs oscillations, we analyze the change in the cosmological constraints in case lepton asymmetry L is big enough to suppress oscillations. We obtain constraints on the lepton asymmetry L. We discuss a possible solution to the dark radiation problem in degenerate BBN models with νe↔νs oscillations in case L is large enough to suppress neutrino oscillations during the BBN epoch. Interestingly, the required value of L for solving the DR problem is close to the value of L indicated by the EMPRESS experiment, and also it is close to the value of lepton asymmetry that is necessary to relax Hubble tension. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Neutrino Physics)
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7 pages, 528 KiB  
Article
Effective Majorana Neutrino Mass for ΔL = 2 Neutrino Oscillations
by Amina Khatun and Fedor Šimkovic
Symmetry 2022, 14(7), 1383; https://doi.org/10.3390/sym14071383 - 05 Jul 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1404
Abstract
It is well known that the observations of neutrinoless double-beta decay prove the Majorana nature of the neutrino. However, with specific values of Majorana phases, the effective Majorana neutrino mass to be estimated from the observation of neutrinoless double-beta decay experiments is strongly [...] Read more.
It is well known that the observations of neutrinoless double-beta decay prove the Majorana nature of the neutrino. However, with specific values of Majorana phases, the effective Majorana neutrino mass to be estimated from the observation of neutrinoless double-beta decay experiments is strongly suppressed if the neutrino mass pattern adheres to a normal ordering. In this case, double-beta decay might not be observed even though the neutrino is Majorana in nature. We show if neutrinos oscillate to antineutrinos in their propagation; then, the observation of this oscillation proves that neutrinos are Majorana and will provide a measurement of neutrino masses and Majorana phases. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Neutrino Physics)
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8 pages, 448 KiB  
Article
On Mikheyev–Smirnov–Wolfenstein Resonance Widths
by Mihail Chizhov
Symmetry 2022, 14(1), 176; https://doi.org/10.3390/sym14010176 - 17 Jan 2022
Viewed by 940
Abstract
The aim of the present paper is the evaluation of the resonance half-widths of the first maximum for the probability of the total neutrino conversion in a medium. We consider the simplest case of two-neutrino mixing in matter with a constant refraction length. [...] Read more.
The aim of the present paper is the evaluation of the resonance half-widths of the first maximum for the probability of the total neutrino conversion in a medium. We consider the simplest case of two-neutrino mixing in matter with a constant refraction length. The results can be applied, for example, to studies of neutrino oscillations in the Earth’s mantle and elsewhere. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Neutrino Physics)
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24 pages, 2678 KiB  
Article
On the Time Distribution of Supernova Antineutrino Flux
by Francesco Vissani and Andrea Gallo Rosso
Symmetry 2021, 13(10), 1851; https://doi.org/10.3390/sym13101851 - 02 Oct 2021
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1944
Abstract
Neutrino leptonic flavor symmetry violation is the only evidence for physics beyond the standard model. Much of what we have learned on these particles is derived from the study of their natural sources, such as the Sun or core-collapse supernovae. Neutrino emission from [...] Read more.
Neutrino leptonic flavor symmetry violation is the only evidence for physics beyond the standard model. Much of what we have learned on these particles is derived from the study of their natural sources, such as the Sun or core-collapse supernovae. Neutrino emission from supernovae is particularly interesting and leptonic flavor transformations in supernova neutrinos have attracted a lot of theoretical attention. Unfortunately, the emission of core-collapse supernovae is not fully understood: thus, an inescapable preliminary step to progress is to improve on that, and future neutrino observations can help. One pressing and answerable question concerns the time distribution of the supernova anti-neutrino events. We propose a class of models of the time distribution that describe emission curves similar to those theoretically expected and consistent with available observations from the data of supernova SN1987A. They have the advantages of being motivated on physical bases and easy to interpret; they are flexible and adaptable to the results of the observations from a future galactic supernova. Important general characteristics of these models are the presence of an initial ramp and that a significant portion of the signal is in the first second of the emission. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Neutrino Physics)
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8 pages, 505 KiB  
Article
Sensitivity of KM3NeT to Violation of Equivalence Principle
by Marco Chianese, Damiano F. G. Fiorillo, Gianpiero Mangano, Gennaro Miele, Stefano Morisi and Ofelia Pisanti
Symmetry 2021, 13(8), 1353; https://doi.org/10.3390/sym13081353 - 26 Jul 2021
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1391
Abstract
The symmetry of the theory of relativity under diffeomorphisms strongly depends on the equivalence principle. Violation of Equivalence Principle (VEP) can be tested by looking for deviations from the standard framework of neutrino oscillations. In recent works, it has been shown that strong [...] Read more.
The symmetry of the theory of relativity under diffeomorphisms strongly depends on the equivalence principle. Violation of Equivalence Principle (VEP) can be tested by looking for deviations from the standard framework of neutrino oscillations. In recent works, it has been shown that strong constraints on the VEP parameter space can be placed by means of the atmospheric neutrinos observed by the IceCube neutrino telescope. In this paper, we focus on the KM3NeT neutrino telescope and perform a forecast analysis to assess its capacity to probe VEP. Most importantly, we examine the crucial role played by systematic uncertainties affecting the neutrino observations. We find that KM3NeT will constrain VEP parameters times the local gravitational potential at the level of 10−27. Due to the systematic-dominated regime, independent analyses from different neutrino telescopes are fundamental for robustly testing the equivalence principle. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Neutrino Physics)
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