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Dear Colleagues,

Special engineering is reserved for emergencies. The situation where an incident occurs is regarded as a failure of the system's symmetry. The causes of a system failure are investigated in the field of material engineering only, not in the field of social sciences. This Special Issue could contain technical articles from two areas: the investigation of emergencies and the treatment of materials for special purposes. The following topics are explored:

the interplay between regular and chaotic dynamics in final systems, exceeding the limit load up to the collapse;
the disruption of the local symmetry (fire development, explosion, static collapse, etc.);
competition between order, failure, and symmetry is possible given the coexistence of different types of asymmetry leading to an emergency and a possible domino effect;
symmetry in nanosciences (material treatment, e.g., flame retardant treatment of combustible materials, self-extinguishing treatment, enhancement of mechanical resistance, etc.).

Dr. Chiara Bedon
Dr. Lucia Figuli
Dr. Makovická Osvaldová Linda
Guest Editors

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Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Symmetry is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

surface modification of materials
engineering, risk, explosion, detection, resistance
chemical and physical modification of materials
investigation and modelling of extreme conditions leading to emergencies
fire safety, fire performance, static collapse

Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

Open AccessFeature PaperArticle

Simplified Procedure for Capacity Check of Historic Monolithic Glass Windows under Soft-Body Collision/Bird-Strike

Chiara Bedon

and

Maria Vittoria Santi

Symmetry 2022, 14(10), 2198; https://doi.org/10.3390/sym14102198 - 19 Oct 2022

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1082

Abstract

Differing from present structural design procedures, most of the existing glass windows and even historic components in traditional/old buildings are not specifically designed to resist possible accidental loads. Rather thin monolithic ordinary annealed glass panels can be found in vertical non-structural envelopes, where they are often arranged to cover large surfaces. As such, an accidental glass fracture could originate even from rather common and moderate impact events and result in severe risk for people, due to propagation of dangerous shards from these vulnerable and fragile building components. To assess potential risks and support possible mitigation strategies, the present study is focused on the bird-strike analysis of existing/historic linearly restrained non-structural glass windows, based on a parametric Smoothed-Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH)–Finite Element (FE) model. Starting from a 1 m–wide and 1.5 m–high configuration, the attention is first given to various influencing parameters, such as impactor features (mass, 0.35–1.81 kg; impact speed, 0–40 m/s; and, thus, impact energy) and the target window (glass thickness, 4–6 mm; impact point; and, thus, glass stiffness). Local and global effects due to parametric localized bird-strikes are discussed based on non-linear dynamic numerical analyses and in terms of expected deflections, tensile stress peaks, and damage extension/severity (i.e., D1 to D3 damage levels). Scale effects are also examined for a case-study historic envelope (≈7 m in total size, 5 mm in thickness), and one of its 2.58 m × 3.3 m large glass components. Furthermore, a simplified empirical approach based on analytical formulations and normalized charts is proposed for a preliminary vulnerability assessment of historic monolithic glass envelopes, including parameters to account for impactor features and glass panel size/thickness, based on vibration-frequency considerations. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Symmetry Applied in Special Engineering II)

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