Special Issue "Symmetry in Electromagnetic Modelling"

A special issue of Symmetry (ISSN 2073-8994). This special issue belongs to the section "Physics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 August 2023) | Viewed by 4481

Special Issue Editor

1. Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
2. CERN, CH-1211, Geneva 23, Switzerland
Interests: experimental high energy physics; electromagnetic modelling; magnetic field calculations; magnetic field measurements

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Electromagnetic modelling plays an essential role in the design, construction and practical description of different electromagnetic systems and devices. In the modern era, special attention is paid to the correct description of the electrical and magnetic fluxes in huge systems like the magnets in particle accelerators, particle acceleration systems, magnetic systems in the particle detectors, and thermonuclear reactors.

The electromagnetic models used to describe similar devices require millions of finite element nodes and hours of central processing unit time to calculate. 

To reduce the size of such models and to minimize the computational resources and processing time necessary for the electromagnetic computations, several types of geometrical symmetries and special applications of the boundary conditions could be used to model a part of the device and propagate the results of these calculations to the entire volume of the device.

This Special Issue welcomes papers on the methodology of electromagnetic modelling using symmetries to simplify the models.

Dr. Vyacheslav Klyukhin
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Symmetry is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • reflection symmetry
  • rotation symmetry
  • symmetry planes
  • boundary conditions
  • mirror symmetry planes
  • periodic conditions
  • scalar potentials
  • finite element method
  • two- and three-dimensional modelling

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Review

Review
The CMS Magnetic Field Measuring and Monitoring Systems
Symmetry 2022, 14(1), 169; https://doi.org/10.3390/sym14010169 - 15 Jan 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1650
Abstract
This review article describes the performance of the magnetic field measuring and monitoring systems for the Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) detector. To cross-check the magnetic flux distribution obtained with the CMS magnet model, four systems for measuring the magnetic flux density in the [...] Read more.
This review article describes the performance of the magnetic field measuring and monitoring systems for the Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) detector. To cross-check the magnetic flux distribution obtained with the CMS magnet model, four systems for measuring the magnetic flux density in the detector volume were used. The magnetic induction inside the 6 m diameter superconducting solenoid was measured and is currently monitored by four nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) probes installed using special tubes at a radius of 2.9148 m outside the barrel hadron calorimeter at ±0.006 m from the coil median XY-plane. Two more NRM probes were installed at the faces of the tracking system at Z-coordinates of −2.835 and +2.831 m and a radius of 0.651 m from the solenoid axis. The field inside the superconducting solenoid was precisely measured in 2006 in a cylindrical volume of 3.448 m in diameter and 7 m in length using ten three-dimensional (3D) B-sensors based on the Hall effect (Hall probes). These B-sensors were installed on each of the two propeller arms of an automated field-mapping machine. In addition to these measurement systems, a system for monitoring the magnetic field during the CMS detector operation has been developed. Inside the solenoid in the horizontal plane, four 3D B-sensors were installed at the faces of the tracking detector at distances X = ±0.959 m and Z-coordinates of −2.899 and +2.895 m. Twelve 3D B-sensors were installed on the surfaces of the flux-return yoke nose disks. Seventy 3D B-sensors were installed in the air gaps of the CMS magnet yoke in 11 XY-planes of the azimuthal sector at 270°. A specially developed flux loop technique was used for the most complex measurements of the magnetic flux density inside the steel blocks of the CMS magnet yoke. The flux loops are installed in 22 sections of the flux-return yoke blocks in grooves of 30 mm wide and 12–13 mm deep and consist of 7–10 turns of 45 wire flat ribbon cable. The areas enclosed by these coils varied from 0.3 to 1.59 m2 in the blocks of the barrel wheels and from 0.5 to 1.12 m2 in the blocks of the yoke endcap disks. The development of these systems and the results of the magnetic flux density measurements across the CMS magnet are presented and discussed in this review article. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Symmetry in Electromagnetic Modelling)
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Review
Design and Description of the CMS Magnetic System Model
Symmetry 2021, 13(6), 1052; https://doi.org/10.3390/sym13061052 - 10 Jun 2021
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2299
Abstract
This review describes the composition of the Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) detector and the methodology for modelling the heterogeneous CMS magnetic system, starting with the formulation of the magnetostatics problem for modelling the magnetic flux of the CMS superconducting solenoid enclosed in a [...] Read more.
This review describes the composition of the Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) detector and the methodology for modelling the heterogeneous CMS magnetic system, starting with the formulation of the magnetostatics problem for modelling the magnetic flux of the CMS superconducting solenoid enclosed in a steel flux-return yoke. The review includes a section on the magnetization curves of various types of steel used in the CMS magnet yoke. The evolution of the magnetic system model over 20 years is presented in the discussion section and is well illustrated by the CMS model layouts and the magnetic flux distribution. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Symmetry in Electromagnetic Modelling)
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