Symmetry and Its Applications in Experimental Fluid Mechanics

A special issue of Symmetry (ISSN 2073-8994). This special issue belongs to the section "Physics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 17 July 2024 | Viewed by 2478

Special Issue Editors

Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
Interests: experimental fluid mechanics; microgravity fluid physics; heat and mass transfer
Faculty of Materials and Manufacturing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100021, China
Interests: experimental fluid mechanics; flow visualization; microfluidics
Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
Interests: microgravity fluid physics; heat and mass transfer; experimental fluid mechanics
Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
Interests: microgravity fluid physics; experimental fluid mechanics; surface tension flow
Department of Architecture, Weifang University, Weifang 261061, China
Interests: experimental fluid mechanics
Beijing System Design Institute of the Electro-Mechanic Engineering, Beijing 100143, China
Interests: microgravity fluid physics; heat and mass transfer; experimental fluid mechanics
Beijing Institute of Control Engineering, China Academy of Space Technology, Beijing 100094, China
Interests: microgravity fluid physics; experimental fluid mechanics

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Many flow patterns in nature and industry are fascinating due to their symmetry. These phenomena may be symmetrical about a line, a point, an axial or even time. In experiments related to fluid mechanics, there are many symmetrical or asymmetrical phenomena, e.g., laminar flow, vortex rings, vortexes in microdroplets, Kármán vortex streets, Marangoni flow in microgravity, multiphase flow, interface flow and so on. Obtaining an understanding of the background physics of these flow patterns is important.

We invite you to share your research into fascinating flow patterns with researchers worldwide in this Special Issue. These symmetrical or asymmetrical flow phenomena observed in experiments reflect complex scientific problems relating to fluid mechanics.

This Special Issue is intended to provide a series of papers focused on symmetry and its applications in experimental fluid mechanics, devoted to understanding the background physics of these flow patterns.

Dr. Qi Kang
Dr. Feng Shen
Dr. Di Wu
Dr. Jia Wang
Dr. Bin Zhou
Dr. Longsheng Duan
Dr. Shangtong Chen
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Symmetry is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Symmetric flow phenomena
  • Axisymmetric vortex
  • Vortex of symmetry
  • Symmetric flow field
  • Symmetric flow pattern
  • Symmetric interface
  • Flow visualization
  • Particle image velocimetry (PIV)
  • Multiphase flow
  • Droplets/bubbles
  • experimental fluid mechanics
  • flow visualization
  • microgravity fluid physics
  • vortex
  • microfluidics
  • particle image velocimetry (PIV)
  • multiphase flow
  • interface flow
  • laminar flow
  • flow stability
  • droplets/bubbles

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

16 pages, 5314 KiB  
Article
An Experimental Study of the Effects of Asymmetric Pitching Motion on the Hydrodynamic Propulsion of a Flapping Fin
by Shengzhi Wang, Shuzhen Niu, Xintian Li and Guosheng He
Symmetry 2024, 16(3), 302; https://doi.org/10.3390/sym16030302 - 04 Mar 2024
Viewed by 552
Abstract
Aquatic organisms have evolved exceptional propulsion and even transoceanic migrating capabilities, surpassing artificial vessels significantly in maneuverability and efficiency. Understanding the hydrodynamic mechanisms of aquatic organisms is crucial for developing advanced biomimetic underwater propulsion vehicles. Underwater tetrapods such as sea turtles use fins [...] Read more.
Aquatic organisms have evolved exceptional propulsion and even transoceanic migrating capabilities, surpassing artificial vessels significantly in maneuverability and efficiency. Understanding the hydrodynamic mechanisms of aquatic organisms is crucial for developing advanced biomimetic underwater propulsion vehicles. Underwater tetrapods such as sea turtles use fins or flippers for propulsion, which exhibit three rotational degrees of freedom, including flapping, sweeping, and pitching motions. Unlike previous studies that often simplify motion kinematics, this study employs a specially designed experimental device to mimic sea turtle fins’ motion and explore the impact of pitching amplitude, asymmetric pitching kinematics, and pausing time on lift and thrust generation. Force transducers and particle image velocimetry techniques are used to examine the hydrodynamic forces and flow field, respectively. It is found that boosting the fin’s pitching amplitude enhances both its lift and thrust efficiency to a certain extent, with a more pronounced effect on thrust performance. Surprisingly, the asymmetrical nature of the pitching angle’s pausing time within one flapping cycle significantly influences the lift and thrust characteristics during sea turtle swimming; extending the pausing time during the forward and upward flapping process improves lift efficiency; and prolonging the pausing time during the downward flapping process enhances thrust efficiency. Furthermore, the mechanism for high lift and thrust efficiency is revealed by examining the vortices shed from the fin during different motion kinematics. This research contributes to a more comprehensive understanding of the fin’s hydrodynamic characteristic, providing insights that can guide the design of more efficient biomimetic underwater propulsion systems. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Symmetry and Its Applications in Experimental Fluid Mechanics)
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14 pages, 6044 KiB  
Article
The Mechanism of Droplet Thermocapillary Migration Coupled with Multi-Physical Fields
by Zhijun Ye, Yi Chen, Chao Yang, Di Wu, Jia Wang, Liang Hu, Li Duan and Qi Kang
Symmetry 2023, 15(11), 2069; https://doi.org/10.3390/sym15112069 - 15 Nov 2023
Viewed by 587
Abstract
In this paper, the coupling effect of multiphysical fields of droplet migration is deeply studied by constructing a physical model of droplet migration with multiphysical fields. Digital holographic interferometry and particle image velocimetry are used to simultaneously measure the temperature and velocity fields [...] Read more.
In this paper, the coupling effect of multiphysical fields of droplet migration is deeply studied by constructing a physical model of droplet migration with multiphysical fields. Digital holographic interferometry and particle image velocimetry are used to simultaneously measure the temperature and velocity fields of the mother liquor in the process of droplet migration for the first time. Due to the advancements of measuring, the zero-velocity region is also in the region where the thermal wake appears, four vortexes appear in the droplet migration and the off-axis behavior of double-droplet migration is found. The aim of this work is to analyze the coupling relationship of multiphysical fields, so as to reveal the physical laws of thermocapillary migration of single droplet and multiple droplets with the same phase and heterophase and to study the driving mechanism of the thermocapillary force and the flow of the mother liquor. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Symmetry and Its Applications in Experimental Fluid Mechanics)
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14 pages, 3735 KiB  
Article
An Intelligent Approach to Determine Component Volume Percentages in a Symmetrical Homogeneous Three-Phase Fluid in Scaled Pipe Conditions
by Abdulilah Mohammad Mayet, Seyed Mehdi Alizadeh, V. P. Thafasal Ijyas, John William Grimaldo Guerrero, Neeraj Kumar Shukla, Javed Khan Bhutto, Ehsan Eftekhari-Zadeh and Ramy Mohammed Aiesh Qaisi
Symmetry 2023, 15(6), 1131; https://doi.org/10.3390/sym15061131 - 23 May 2023
Viewed by 721
Abstract
Over time, the accumulation of scale within the transmission pipeline results in a decrease in the internal diameter of the pipe, leading to a decline in efficiency and energy waste. The employment of a gamma ray attenuation system that is non-invasive has been [...] Read more.
Over time, the accumulation of scale within the transmission pipeline results in a decrease in the internal diameter of the pipe, leading to a decline in efficiency and energy waste. The employment of a gamma ray attenuation system that is non-invasive has been found to be a highly precise diagnostic technique for identifying volumetric percentages across various states. The most appropriate setup for simulating a volume percentage detection system through Monte Carlo N particle (MCNP) simulations involves a system consisting of two NaI detectors and dual-energy gamma sources, namely 241Am and 133Ba radioisotopes. A three-phase flow consisting of oil, water, and gas exhibits symmetrical homogenous flow characteristics across varying volume percentages as it traverses through scaled pipes of varying thicknesses. It is worth mentioning that there is an axial symmetry of flow inside the pipe that creates a homogenous flow pattern. In this study, the experiment involved the emission of gamma rays from one end of a pipe, with photons being absorbed by two detectors located at the other end. The resulting data included three distinct features, namely the counts under the photopeaks of 241Am and 133Ba from the first detector as well as the total count from the second detector. Through the implementation of a two-output MLP neural network utilising the aforementioned inputs, it is possible to accurately forecast the volumetric percentages with an RMSE of under 1.22, regardless of the thickness of the scale. The minimal error value ensures the efficacy of the proposed technique and the practicality of its implementation in the domains of petroleum and petrochemicals. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Symmetry and Its Applications in Experimental Fluid Mechanics)
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