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Towards Urban Health and Livable Cities: The Control and Management...
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Towards Urban Health and Livable Cities: The Control and Management of Traffic-Related Air Pollution

A special issue of Sustainability (ISSN 2071-1050). This special issue belongs to the section "Sustainable Urban and Rural Development".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 April 2023) | Viewed by 4543

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Jorge Bandeira

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Centre for Mechanical Technology and Automation, Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
Interests: intelligent transport systems; MaaS; autonomous vehicles; environmental impact assessment; sustainable mobility
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Eloisa Macedo

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Centre for Mechanical Technology and Automation, Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
Interests: operations research; multi-objective optimization; traffic-raleted impacts assessment; sustainable mobility
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Sandra Rafael

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
CESAM, Department of Environment and Planning, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
Interests: air quality modelling; climate change; nature-based solutions; urban resilience; urban surface energy balance
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Paulo Fernandes

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Centre for Mechanical Technology and Automation, Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
Interests: emissions monitoring; emissions modelling; traffic modelling; accident reconstruction; sustainable mobility; smart cities
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

According to the WHO, evidence shows that air pollution at current levels in cities is responsible for a significant burden of deaths, hospital admissions, and exacerbation of symptoms, particularly for cardiorespiratory diseases. Exposure to air pollutants produced by transport requires action by public authorities at the regional, national, and international levels. Science plays a vital role in providing clear directions on the magnitude of impacts and potential risks associated with innovative management measures to support this process.

Fortunately, we are witnessing important transformations in the transport sector that can mitigate this impact. In this area, the role of digitalization and intelligent, cooperative transport systems (C-ITS), the implementation of new concepts of shared and intermodal mobility, and innovative forms of mobility charging assuming higher internalization of external costs can be highlighted. However, technologies cannot always lead to an effective reduction in the environmental impacts of the transport sector, and unexpected outcomes may arise. For instance, a poorly planned introduction of autonomous vehicles in the network can bring unanticipated impacts on the demand side and a deterioration of networks’ environmental performance. Innovative mobility-as-a-service concepts may bring less positive effects than expected if public transport is not the backbone of urban mobility.

In this Special Issue, we expect to gather high-quality articles that address the impact of technology in the transport sector on the quality of life of urban populations. For this purpose, we will consider papers based on empirical demonstrations, statistical analysis, modeling of transport emissions and air quality, or other innovative methods and metrics formulation of the contribution of transport technology to human wellbeing. Particularly welcome are contributions that take a holistic view of the whole chain, from transport planning to emissions of air pollutants and/or noise, to concentration of air pollutants and externalities assessment.

Dr. Jorge Bandeira
Dr. Eloisa Macedo
Dr. Sandra Rafael
Dr. Paulo Fernandes
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Sustainability is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • technology
  • ICT
  • emissions
  • noise
  • air quality
  • wellbeing
  • smart cities

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

20 pages, 3803 KiB  
Article
Investigation of Vehicular Pollutant Emissions at 4-Arm Intersections for the Improvement of Integrated Actions in the Sustainable Urban Mobility Plans (SUMPs)
by Maksymilian Mądziel and Tiziana Campisi
Sustainability 2023, 15(3), 1860; https://doi.org/10.3390/su15031860 - 18 Jan 2023
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 1516
Abstract
Sustainable urban mobility planning is a strategic and integrated approach that aims to effectively address the complexities of urban transportation. Additionally, vehicle emissions are still a significant problem found in cities. Its greatest concentration involves intersections, as they have the highest number of [...] Read more.
Sustainable urban mobility planning is a strategic and integrated approach that aims to effectively address the complexities of urban transportation. Additionally, vehicle emissions are still a significant problem found in cities. Its greatest concentration involves intersections, as they have the highest number of stop-and-go operations, resulting in the highest engine load. Although electrification of vehicles is underway, the coming years and the energy crisis may cause the full transformation and fulfillment of the European Green Deal to be postponed. This state of affairs means that much effort should still go into possibly modifying the current infrastructure to make it more environmentally friendly. The article addresses the use of vertical road markings such as “stop”, “give way”, and also signal controllers signs, at four-arm X intersections. The modeling of intersection variants was carried out in the traffic microsimulation software VISSIM. The created model was calibrated according to real world data. The actual part of the work concerns the assumption of specific traffic flow scenarios, for which measurements of delay and emissions of harmful exhaust components such as NOx and PM10 were made. The results obtained can have practical application in proposals for creating unequal intersections. Based on the results, it can be concluded that below the traffic volume value of 1200 vehicles/h, an intersection can be considered with a yield sign and stop sign for two directions of traffic. However, for traffic volumes from 1200 vehicles/h to 2000 vehicles/h, an intersection with stop signs can be used for all traffic directions. The results may also provide some information on the location of the crosswalks and the improvement of strategies to be introduced into the SUMPs. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Towards Urban Health and Livable Cities: The Control and Management of Traffic-Related Air Pollution)
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26 pages, 12697 KiB  
Article
FVM-RANS Modeling of Air Pollutants Dispersion and Traffic Emission in Dhaka City on a Suburb Scale
by Md. Eabad Ali, Md Farhad Hasan, Sadia Siddiqa, Md. Mamun Molla and Most. Nasrin Akhter
Sustainability 2023, 15(1), 673; https://doi.org/10.3390/su15010673 - 30 Dec 2022
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 2175
Abstract
The present study aims to investigate the impact of air pollutants dispersion from traffic emission under the influence of wind velocity and direction considering the seasonal cycle in two major areas of Dhaka city: namely, Tejgaon and Gazipur. Carbon monoxide (CO) mass fraction [...] Read more.
The present study aims to investigate the impact of air pollutants dispersion from traffic emission under the influence of wind velocity and direction considering the seasonal cycle in two major areas of Dhaka city: namely, Tejgaon and Gazipur. Carbon monoxide (CO) mass fraction has been considered as a representative element of traffic-exhausted pollutants, and the distribution of pollutants has been investigated in five different street geometries: namely, single regular and irregular, double regular and irregular, and finally, multiple irregular streets. After the grid independence test confirmation as well as numerical validation, a series of case studies has been presented to analyze the air pollutants dispersion, which mostly exists due to the traffic emission. The popular Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes (RANS) approach has been considered, and the finite volume method (FVM) has been applied by ANSYS FluentTM. The k−ϵ turbulence model has been integrated from the RANS approach. It was found that the wind velocity as well as wind direction and the fluid flow fields can play a potential role on pollution dispersion in the Dhaka city street canyons and suburbs. Inhabitants residing near the single regular streets are exposed to more traffic emission than those of single irregular streets due to fewer obstacles being created by the buildings. Double regular streets have been found to be a better solution to disperse pollutants, but city dwellers in the east region of double irregular streets are exposed to a greater concentration of pollutants due to the change of wind directions and seasonal cycles. Multiple irregular streets limit the mobility of the pollutants due to the increased number of buildings, yet the inhabitants near the multi-irregular streets are likely to experience approximately 11.25% more pollutants than other dwellers living far from the main street. The key findings of this study will provide insights on improving the urbanization plan where different geometries of streets are present and city dwellers could have less exposure to traffic-exhausted pollutants. The case studies will also provide a template layout to map pollutant exposure to identify the alarming zone and stop incessant building construction within those regions by creating real-time air quality monitoring to safeguard public safety. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Towards Urban Health and Livable Cities: The Control and Management of Traffic-Related Air Pollution)
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