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Digital Transformation, Social Innovation and Sustainable Business Model Innovation

A special issue of Sustainability (ISSN 2071-1050). This special issue belongs to the section "Economic and Business Aspects of Sustainability".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 June 2023) | Viewed by 44415

Special Issue Editors

School of Information Management and Artificial Intelligence, Zhejiang University of Finance and Economics, Hangzhou 310018, China
Interests: digital transformation; social commerce; sustainable business model innovation; omnichannel-management; smart business
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
School of Management Science and Engineering, Shandong Technology and Business University, Yantai 264005, China
Interests: social networking service; information management; e-commerce; digital transformation
Centre for Lifelong Learning, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Gadong BE1410, Brunei
Interests: sentiment analysis; big data analytics; information systems; sustainable social media user behavior; sustiablbe energy; e-learning; digital innovation
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
College of Economics and Management, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
Interests: sustainable social media user behavior; digital transformation

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

In recent years, the diffusion of digital technologies such as artificial intelligence, cloud computing, social media networks, digital platforms, and virtual reality has significantly transformed companies’ roles, strategies, processes, and governance mechanisms (Cennamo, Dagnino, Di Minin, & Lanzolla, 2020; Verhoef et al., 2021). Verhoef et al. (2021) defined digital transformation as “a change in how a firm employs digital technologies, to develop a new digital business model that helps to create and appropriate more value for the firm”. Such digital transformation has fundamentally altered consumers’ expectations and behaviors, and changed the way companies operate their businesses and develop social relationships within and across ecosystems, bringing new managerial opportunities and challenges (Editors, Huarng, Malhotra, & Ferraris, 2021).

Despite the fact digital transformation and business model innovation has attracted extensive attention from both researchers and practitioners (Cennamo et al., 2020; Fernández-Rovira, Álvarez Valdés, Molleví, & Nicolas-Sans, 2021; Feroz, Zo, & Chiravuri, 2021; Verhoef et al., 2021), there is a gap in the literature regarding how digital transformation and resultant business model innovation could be developed sustainably. For instance, what are the key factors that influence the success of digital transformation? How can the digital transformation process be effectively managed? The purpose of this Special Issue is to focus on studies that enhance and broaden our understanding of digital transformation, social innovation, and sustainable business model innovation. We are inviting researchers who are interested in this topic to submit their high-level original research works from various perspectives, such as from that of the consumer, company, channel, technology, and ecosystem of digital transformation.

In this Special Issue, original research articles and reviews are welcome. Research areas may include, but are not limited to, the following: 

  • Success factors for digital transformation;
  • Digital transformation process management;
  • Digital transformation process management;
  • Digital transformation and business model innovation;
  • Digital transformation and value co-creation;
  • Digital transformation and social innovation;
  • Shared platforms and ecosystems;
  • Management strategies for the sustainability of digital transformation;
  • Digital transformation and environmental sustainability;
  • Digital transformation and services innovation;
  • Innovation in digital platform-based ecosystems.

We look forward to receiving your contributions.

Dr. Shuiqing Yang
Prof. Dr. Yongqing Yang
Dr. Atika Qazi
Dr. Yunfan Lu
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Sustainability is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • digital transformation
  • business model innovation
  • social innovation
  • value co-creation
  • shared platforms
  • digital platform-based ecosystems

Published Papers (12 papers)

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Research

23 pages, 2376 KiB  
Article
A Relevance-Based Technology–Organisation–Environment Model of Critical Success Factors for Digital Procurement Adoption in Chinese Construction Companies
by Guan Luo, Carlos Serrão, Decui Liang and Yang Zhou
Sustainability 2023, 15(16), 12260; https://doi.org/10.3390/su151612260 - 11 Aug 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1111
Abstract
With the emergence of digital transformation, there is an increasing need for Chinese construction companies to adopt digital procurement (D-procurement). However, there is a lack of theoretical foundation to guide and support the adoption practices. This study aims to fill the research gap [...] Read more.
With the emergence of digital transformation, there is an increasing need for Chinese construction companies to adopt digital procurement (D-procurement). However, there is a lack of theoretical foundation to guide and support the adoption practices. This study aims to fill the research gap through the provision of a model by grouping a set of relevance-based critical success factors (CSFs) into the Technology–Organisation–Environment (TOE) framework for D-procurement adoption success (DAS). A case study approach is applied in the research. We selected H Group as it is one of the most representative D-procurement cases in China. The study includes two parts. In the first part, a systematic literature review was conducted, and 17 CSFs were identified from 12 selected studies. By grouping the 17 CSFs into the TOE framework, we put forward a basic CSF–TOE model. In the second part, an in-depth interview was carried out in H Group, where the 17 selected experts were asked to rank the previously identified CSF. Based on their order of relevance, the 17 CSFs were re-organised in the basic CSF–TOE model, and a relevance-based CSF–TOE model was finally proposed. This study is vital for D-procurement adoption because most existing CSF studies are based on the literature and questionnaire surveys, and there is a lack of actual case studies. In addition, this study significantly contributes to the field of D-procurement adoption for construction companies by providing a theoretical framework for practice and a relevance-based CSF–TOE model for research. Full article
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22 pages, 1398 KiB  
Article
A Perspective on Management Myopia: The Impact of Digital Transformation on Carbon Emission Intensity
by Yu Ma and Pan Tao
Sustainability 2023, 15(12), 9417; https://doi.org/10.3390/su15129417 - 12 Jun 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1849
Abstract
Digitalization has emerged as an indispensable pathway for enterprises aiming to achieve low-carbon development, demanding strategic implementation by managers who play a crucial role in shaping organizational outcomes. This study utilizes text mining and IPCC methods (based on The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate [...] Read more.
Digitalization has emerged as an indispensable pathway for enterprises aiming to achieve low-carbon development, demanding strategic implementation by managers who play a crucial role in shaping organizational outcomes. This study utilizes text mining and IPCC methods (based on The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change standards) to assess the level of digital transformation and enterprise carbon emission intensity among Shanghai and Shenzhen A-share listed companies from 2008 to 2015. This study also investigates the impact of digital transformation on enterprise carbon emission intensity and examines the influence of myopic characteristics among managers along with their underlying mechanisms. The results indicate that: (1) Digital transformation decreases enterprise carbon emission intensity, with robust results supported by instrumental variable test, the Oster test, confounding variable threshold impact test, etc. (2) Heterogeneity analysis demonstrates that digital transformation is particularly effective in reducing enterprise carbon emission intensity for companies located in cities without national carbon trading pilot policies, heavy industrial sectors, and those influenced by peer effects. (3) The study on mechanisms reveals that management myopia poses a barrier to the decarbonization process driven by digitalization. It further explores the moderating effects of green innovation, sustainable investment, and environmental awareness, revealing that management constrained by innovation myopia, investment myopia, and environmental responsibility myopia faces challenges in promoting decarbonization. By examining the internal aspects of management myopia, we provide valuable insights and recommendations for enterprises seeking to achieve decarbonization through digital transformation. Full article
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20 pages, 1022 KiB  
Article
Digital Transformation and Export Quality of Chinese Products: An Analysis Based on Innovation Efficiency and Total Factor Productivity
by Fei Wang and Linwei Ye
Sustainability 2023, 15(6), 5395; https://doi.org/10.3390/su15065395 - 17 Mar 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2160
Abstract
In recent years, Chinese manufacturing enterprises have competed to chase the wave of the “digital revolution”; digital empowerment has become an important strategic path of technological reform for many manufacturing enterprises. Based on the micro data of listed companies, this paper investigates the [...] Read more.
In recent years, Chinese manufacturing enterprises have competed to chase the wave of the “digital revolution”; digital empowerment has become an important strategic path of technological reform for many manufacturing enterprises. Based on the micro data of listed companies, this paper investigates the impact of digital transformation of Chinese listed companies on the quality of their export products. It is found that digital transformation can significantly improve the quality of enterprises’ export products. After a series of robustness tests, this conclusion is still valid, and there are two ways to improve innovation performance and total factor productivity. The export product quality enhancement effect of enterprise digital transformation also has the heterogeneity of ownership, region, and industry. Furthermore, this paper also examines the impact of digital transformation on the internal salary gap of enterprises, and finds that digital transformation may increase the internal salary gap of enterprises and form a “masking effect” on the quality of export products. To a certain extent, this paper deepens the understanding of the study of enterprise digital transformation on the quality of export products and its differences and provides certain guidance for enterprises to implement the strategy of digital transformation. Full article
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17 pages, 1336 KiB  
Article
Research on How Executive Connections Affect Enterprise Digital Transformation: Empirical Evidence from China
by Fuping Bai, Donghui Liu, Kaiyun Dong, Mengting Shang and Aiguo Yan
Sustainability 2023, 15(3), 2037; https://doi.org/10.3390/su15032037 - 20 Jan 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1652
Abstract
In the context of the digital economy, the external connection of executives provides enterprises with a good idea to amplify their potential for digital transformation with the help of external forces. Therefore, we conduct a theoretical exploration and an empirical analysis of the [...] Read more.
In the context of the digital economy, the external connection of executives provides enterprises with a good idea to amplify their potential for digital transformation with the help of external forces. Therefore, we conduct a theoretical exploration and an empirical analysis of the relationship between executive connections and enterprise digital transformation. As the research sample, we use the A-share manufacturing companies listed in China from 2012 to 2021. According to sufficient verifications, we discover that executive connections can effectively support digital transformation. From the perspective of each subdivision dimension, executive business connections, executive technical connections, and executive financial connections can significantly promote digital transformation, among which executive technical connections have the greatest favorable impact. However, the impact of executive political connections on digital transformation is not obvious. Additionally, executive connections primarily foster enterprise digital transformation by reducing enterprise asset specificity. The results of the boundary mechanism test demonstrate that the external environmental dynamics and the internal dynamic capabilities reinforce the positive effect of executive connections on digital transformation. These findings contribute to a deeper understanding of the role of executive connections in digital transformation and provide practical guidance for firms to accelerate digital transformation. Full article
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21 pages, 585 KiB  
Article
Pathways to Sustainable Development: Corporate Digital Transformation and Environmental Performance in China
by Pingguo Xu, Leyi Chen and Huajuan Dai
Sustainability 2023, 15(1), 256; https://doi.org/10.3390/su15010256 - 23 Dec 2022
Cited by 13 | Viewed by 2756
Abstract
Environmental pollution remains a serious sustainable development issue. Enterprises, as important agents of sustainable development, are receiving increasing attention regarding their efforts to protect the environment. The rapid development of the digital economy has become a new driver of corporate environmental governance and [...] Read more.
Environmental pollution remains a serious sustainable development issue. Enterprises, as important agents of sustainable development, are receiving increasing attention regarding their efforts to protect the environment. The rapid development of the digital economy has become a new driver of corporate environmental governance and environmental performance improvements, marking a new sustainable development path. We study the environmental effects of corporate digital transformation from the perspective of environmental performance using Chinese A-share listed companies. We construct a two-step systematic GMM econometric model and find that corporate digital transformation significantly improves environmental performance. Heterogeneity analysis shows that environmental performance improvement through digital transformation is more pronounced among state-owned, large, and heavily polluting enterprises. Mechanistic analysis shows that corporate digital transformation mainly improves environmental performance by enhancing green technological innovation and corporate governance. Further analysis shows a nonlinear relationship between corporate digital transformation and environmental performance. The research not only analyzes the impact of corporate digital transformation on environmental performance from multiple dimensions but also discovers the transmission mechanism of digital transformation that affects environmental performance and verifies a possible nonlinear relationship, providing a theoretical basis and practical reference for promoting corporate digital transformation and sustainable development. Full article
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14 pages, 791 KiB  
Article
The Coupling Coordination between Digital Economy and Industrial Green High-Quality Development: Spatio-Temporal Characteristics, Differences and Convergence
by Li Liu, Tingting Gu and Hao Wang
Sustainability 2022, 14(23), 16260; https://doi.org/10.3390/su142316260 - 06 Dec 2022
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 1569
Abstract
The coupling coordination between the digital economy and industrial green high-quality development has become an inevitable choice to promote economic high-quality development in China. This paper conducts an empirical analysis of the coupling coordination degree between the digital economy and industrial green high-quality [...] Read more.
The coupling coordination between the digital economy and industrial green high-quality development has become an inevitable choice to promote economic high-quality development in China. This paper conducts an empirical analysis of the coupling coordination degree between the digital economy and industrial green high-quality development via the entropy evaluation method, coupling coordination model, Dagum Gini coefficient and its decomposition, and β spatial convergence model, based on the spatial data of 31 provinces in China for a time period ranging from 2008 to 2020. The major research findings of this study are as follows: (1) the coupling coordination between the digital economy and industrial green high-quality development represents a whole steady-upward trend in China, with large regional differences. (2) There is a gradual decrease in the overall spatial difference of the coupling coordination, with the largest intra-regional difference in the eastern region, and significant inter-regional differences in the east-west, east-northeast, and east-central regions. Moreover, the hypervariable density serves as the major source of the regional differences. (3) There exists β Convergence for coupling coordination degrees of the whole country and the four regions. However, the spatial effects are different in different regions due to different influencing factors. Therefore, sufficient attention should be paid to the dynamic trend, the difference, and the imbalance of the coupling coordination degree between the digital economy and industrial green high-quality development. The research is of great significance for accurately implementing policies according to different levels of local resource endowments and economic development, and narrowing the regional differences of the coupling coordination between the digital economy and industrial green high-quality development. Full article
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17 pages, 289 KiB  
Article
Does Digital Inclusive Finance Enhance the Creation of County Enterprises? Taking Henan Province as a Case Study
by Chang’an Liang, Guoming Du, Zhaoda Cui and Bonoua Faye
Sustainability 2022, 14(21), 14542; https://doi.org/10.3390/su142114542 - 05 Nov 2022
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 2398
Abstract
The broad inclusiveness of digital inclusive finance is essential for promoting coordinated regional development. This paper focuses on the impact of digital inclusive finance on creating county enterprises, discussing its heterogeneity in terms of region and type of entrepreneurship and revealing the mechanisms [...] Read more.
The broad inclusiveness of digital inclusive finance is essential for promoting coordinated regional development. This paper focuses on the impact of digital inclusive finance on creating county enterprises, discussing its heterogeneity in terms of region and type of entrepreneurship and revealing the mechanisms by which this set of impacts works. The methodology integrates the 2015–2020 Peking University Digital Inclusive Finance Index, business registration data from the industrial and commercial sectors and statistics from counties in Henan Province. The results show that digital inclusive finance can significantly promote the creation of county enterprises. All secondary dimension indices show positive effects; this result remains when replacing the core explanatory variables and lagged terms. Heterogeneity analysis finds no significant heterogeneity in the entrepreneurial effect of digital inclusive finance between urban and rural areas and types of entrepreneurship. The mechanism analysis finds that digital inclusive finance can promote the creation of county enterprises through two paths: improved financing and mobile payment. These findings reveal that we should use digital inclusive finance to improve the breadth and depth of financial services within the county and take advantage of its mobile payments to promote micro and small businesses. Full article
16 pages, 449 KiB  
Article
Can Digital Finance Accelerate the Digital Transformation of Companies? From the Perspective of M&A
by Mingtao Yu and Aiguo Yan
Sustainability 2022, 14(21), 14281; https://doi.org/10.3390/su142114281 - 01 Nov 2022
Cited by 11 | Viewed by 3243
Abstract
Digital M&A, known as digital merger and acquisition, is a vital tool for companies to achieve digital transformation and play an essential role in sustainable development. Corporate digital M&A is inseparable from financial support. Therefore, based on the M&A data of Chinese A-share [...] Read more.
Digital M&A, known as digital merger and acquisition, is a vital tool for companies to achieve digital transformation and play an essential role in sustainable development. Corporate digital M&A is inseparable from financial support. Therefore, based on the M&A data of Chinese A-share listed companies from 2011–2020, this paper systematically analyzes the impact effect of digital finance on corporate digital M&A in combination with the Peking University Digital Inclusive Finance Index. The results show that: (1) Digital finance development contributes to the implementation of digital M&A by enterprises, and the higher the level of development, the more likely enterprises are to engage in digital M&A. (2) Financing constraints and the innovation capacity play a partially intermediary role between digital finance and digital M&A. (3) Executive age and internal control negatively moderate the relationship between digital finance and digital M&A, and bank competition positively moderates the relationship. These research findings provide useful lessons for promoting digital M&A and accelerating digital transformation in enterprises. Full article
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29 pages, 933 KiB  
Article
Digital Villages Construction Accelerates High-Quality Economic Development in Rural China through Promoting Digital Entrepreneurship
by Yan Mei, Jingyi Miao and Yuhui Lu
Sustainability 2022, 14(21), 14224; https://doi.org/10.3390/su142114224 - 31 Oct 2022
Cited by 11 | Viewed by 2865
Abstract
“Digital villages construction” and “high-quality economic development” are both key topics to the sustainable development in China. Chinese has attached great importance to agriculture and rural development in recent years, thus exploring the connections between the two topics from a rural perspective is [...] Read more.
“Digital villages construction” and “high-quality economic development” are both key topics to the sustainable development in China. Chinese has attached great importance to agriculture and rural development in recent years, thus exploring the connections between the two topics from a rural perspective is of practical importance. This paper aims to see if there is a connection between digital village construction and high-quality economic development, and how the digital village construction accelerates the high-quality development of the rural economy. After building the index system, this paper evaluates present development level of digitalization and high-quality economy in rural areas by the Entropy Weight TOPSIS method and empirically tests the direct and indirect effect of rural digital construction on the high-quality rural economic development relatively based on the fixed effect model and the mediation effect model. To study deeply, four major regions and five influence paths are analyzed, respectively. The results show that there is a positive correlation between the construction of digital villages and the high-quality development of rural economy. Meanwhile, the entrepreneurial activity of digital industries is a crucial mechanism for digital villages construction to promote the high-quality development of rural economy. This paper innovatively builds relevant index systems and analyzes the transmission mechanism of digitalization to high-quality development from a rural perspective, though it analyzes at the provincial level, which is less specific. Overall, it will be beneficial for economics researchers who study digital economy and rural development and policy makers who give counsel for economic development. Full article
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26 pages, 3177 KiB  
Article
Digital Balanced Scorecard System as a Supporting Strategy for Digital Transformation
by Robert Fabac
Sustainability 2022, 14(15), 9690; https://doi.org/10.3390/su14159690 - 06 Aug 2022
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 6074
Abstract
Reports of the high percentage of failed digital transformation ventures motivate the need to find a comprehensive framework with regulatory attributes to support these initiatives. Due to its structure, consistent strategy decomposition capabilities, and strategic map architecture, the assumption is that a customized [...] Read more.
Reports of the high percentage of failed digital transformation ventures motivate the need to find a comprehensive framework with regulatory attributes to support these initiatives. Due to its structure, consistent strategy decomposition capabilities, and strategic map architecture, the assumption is that a customized version of the Balanced Scorecard can ensure the better overall success of digital transformation projects. The qualitative analysis methodology was applied to previous research, and this study identified critical issues and challenges related to the strategy and overall endeavor of digital transformation. Based on the methodology of the traditional Balanced Scorecard, a draft version of the Digital Balanced Scorecard was formulated. The Digital Balanced Scorecard is a comprehensive, primarily prescriptive model that is focused directly on the challenges, opportunities, and obstacles of transformation. The proposed BSC model can consistently interpret a digital strategy and assist organization leaders in successfully formulating and coordinating all necessary activities and projects to apply technologies. The Digital BSC provides the projection of financial results and improvements in sustainability after transformation. The proposed solution to support digital transformation can accelerate an organization’s development, improve efficiency, and strengthen efforts to achieve an organization’s sustainability goals. Full article
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20 pages, 1159 KiB  
Article
Assessment of Information Literacy Abilities: A Case Study of Pakistan
by Bibi Abida Hussain, Si Li and Ahmed Alsanad
Sustainability 2022, 14(7), 3807; https://doi.org/10.3390/su14073807 - 23 Mar 2022
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 3059
Abstract
This study aimed to assess undergraduate students’ Information Literacy (IL) abilities in Pakistan. A survey method was employed to collect the necessary data from the population. The participants consisted of students from the Capital University of Science and Technology (CUST), COMSATS University Islamabad, [...] Read more.
This study aimed to assess undergraduate students’ Information Literacy (IL) abilities in Pakistan. A survey method was employed to collect the necessary data from the population. The participants consisted of students from the Capital University of Science and Technology (CUST), COMSATS University Islamabad, Bahria University (BU) Islamabad, and the Federal Urdu University of Arts, Sciences and Technology (FUUAST). The sample consisted of 200 students, randomly selected. A questionnaire was formulated and completed individually. The results produced an alarming result for the selected institutions, as about 52% of students reported that they never went to the library. A similar situation was found across the selected universities, though with BU surpassing other universities with respect to daily use of the library. The responses to the survey indicated students were in a poor position in terms of their ability to identify information sources. Furthermore, most item scores were less than two, indicating that students’ recognition and understanding of information sources was in a dangerously precarious condition. The findings also indicated that students’ ability to access and use information for assignments, tests, examinations, and the writing of research articles was extremely limited. This could have severe implications for their learning outcomes. According to our findings, students’ ability to implement technical best practice in academic work and research was extremely limited, as was their knowledge of and practice in providing appropriate credit to original authors. On the other hand, the students’ ability to use social media applications, such as Facebook, Instagram, and LinkedIn, was relatively strong. We recommend that university libraries should be more involved in the educational process. This study should contribute considerably to the organization of different IL programs in universities to promote, develop, and improve students’ IL abilities. Full article
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26 pages, 915 KiB  
Article
The Importance of Digital Transformation in International Business
by Carla Santos Pereira, Natercia Durão, Fernando Moreira and Bruno Veloso
Sustainability 2022, 14(2), 834; https://doi.org/10.3390/su14020834 - 12 Jan 2022
Cited by 23 | Viewed by 13337
Abstract
This study was developed under the scope of a Portuguese project focused on the entrepreneur’s perspective and perception on the internationalization process of his company: more specifically, about the factors that enhanced the company entry into foreign markets as well as the constraints [...] Read more.
This study was developed under the scope of a Portuguese project focused on the entrepreneur’s perspective and perception on the internationalization process of his company: more specifically, about the factors that enhanced the company entry into foreign markets as well as the constraints found in this process. This work focuses on the importance of using digital transformation to integrate technological tools in international business practice and strategy and the obstacles encountered with introducing these new technologies. This study aims to determine the relationships between technology categories and obstacles. The final goal is to assess the impact of these characteristics of the companies by the sector of economic activity, size, and percentage of profits resulting from international expansion. A questionnaire was designed and sent by email to 8183 companies from the AICEP database, distributed by three main activity sectors. A total of 310 valid answers were gathered from the Portuguese internationalized companies. The research limitations are related to the reduced number of interviews. These interviews showed that managers were not aware of the concept of digital transformation and misunderstood the use of digital technologies in the internationalization process of the business. This limitation can add some bias to the qualitative results. In addition to these limitations, the number of responses per sector was also not homogeneous. The practical implications of this study are that managers and top-level executives can use that to better understand how companies could use digital tools and what obstacles they should avoid when they want to internationalize their business. This paper is one of the first research contributions to analyze the impact of digital transformation in the internalization of Portuguese companies. Full article
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