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Sustainable Air Transport Management and Aeronautical and Space Technology Operations in the Context of Environmental and Public Health Impacts

A special issue of Sustainability (ISSN 2071-1050). This special issue belongs to the section "Sustainable Transportation".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 May 2021) | Viewed by 13526

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Stanislav Szabo

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Dean of Faculty of Aeronautics, Technical University of Košice, Rampová 7, 041 21 Košice, Slovakia
Interests: aeronautics education; air traffic management; operation and economy of air transport; security management in air transport
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Costas Varotsos

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Environmental Physics and Meteorology, Faculty of Physics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, University Campus, Bld Phys 5, Ilissia (Zografou), 157 84 Athens, Greece
Interests: climate dynamics; remote sensing; natural disasters; air pollution; environmental physics and chemistry; applied ecology
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Weizong Wang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Astronautics, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
Interests: space electric propulsion; rocket engine technology
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This Special Issue aims to collect papers showing the key developments in the areas of Sustainable Air Transport Management, Aeronautical and Space Technology Operations, and human factors and performance in the context of environmental and public health impacts.

The problem of the sustainable development of air transport and the operation of aeronautical and space technology requires a systematic examination of practical knowledge and search for innovative environmentally friendly solutions, as well as eliminating the negative impacts on public properties and health. In addition to technical problems and solutions, sustainable air transport and aeronautical and space technology operations also depend on the quality of human factors in aviation and human performance of aviation personnel. A specific environment for air transport and aeronautical and space technology is our atmosphere and space with its challenges. Monitoring, modeling, and simulation of research problems, hazards, climate change research and prediction, air quality, water and soil quality at airports or their vicinity, undesirable radiation, investigation of hazardous weather phenomena, and negative impacts of aviation activity on the environment and public health (personnel health) affect the quality and levels of safety and security in aviation and in the operation of technology, which is an important prerequisite for their sustainable development.

“The Sustainable Air Transport Management and Aeronautical and Space Technology Operations in the Context of Environmental and Public Health Impacts” is the thematic topic of this Special Issue of Sustainability (https://www.mdpi.com/journal/sustainability). It is organized in the framework of the United Nations Agenda for Sustainable Development (2030).

This Special Issue is open to any subject area related to the sustainable aviation activities, air transport and management, air traffic management, aeronautical and space technology operations, climate change, and environmental and health research related to aviation, airports and space, aerospace research, the aeronautical and astronautical education and human factors in aeronautics/astronautics, flight safety and security agenda, and quality of human performance. The keywords listed suggest just a few of the many possibilities.

Assoc. Prof. Dr. Stanislav Szabo
Prof. Dr. Costas Varotsos
Prof. Dr. Weizong Wang
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Sustainability is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Air transport management, air traffic control issues and envirosecurity factors Multicriteria evaluation of air transport and air traffic management, risk assessment Sustainable aeronautical and space technology operations Climate change and air pollution research, climate change scenarios Aviation environmental and public health impacts, environmental issues of the greater areas of airports and public health problems Human factors in aeronautics/astronautics and human performance Meteorological data and support of air transport/space operations Spacecraft on-orbit services, assembly, operating safety, constellations establishment and space traffic management, space debris problems, hazards, control and removal Plasma simulation and technology Utilization and protection of space resources

Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

14 pages, 2468 KiB  
Article
Design of a Unified Algorithm to Ensure the Sustainable Use of Air Transport during a Pandemic
by Stanislav Szabo, Sebastián Makó, Michaela Kešeľová and Stanislav Szabo, Jr.
Sustainability 2021, 13(11), 5970; https://doi.org/10.3390/su13115970 - 25 May 2021
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1810
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has had a significant impact on air transport in various parts of the world. The impact of the pandemic has been and still is significant within the Member States of the European Union. The introduction focused on identifying and monitoring [...] Read more.
The COVID-19 pandemic has had a significant impact on air transport in various parts of the world. The impact of the pandemic has been and still is significant within the Member States of the European Union. The introduction focused on identifying and monitoring the pandemic spread in the individual Member States. The research focused on two periods that were compared with each other based on key indicators, i.e., reproduction rate, hospitalized patients, or ICU patients. Identification and monitoring of the above-mentioned periods were performed by an observational study of collected data mentioned below. Subsequently, an algorithm was proposed, which was to determine an index number of a given country based on key indicators mentioned earlier. The index number is an assessment of the pandemic situation in a given country. The index number calculation in the monitored periods divided the countries into two groups: countries with the index number higher than one and countries with the index number lower than one. The latter can continue using air transport by pandemic situation assessment conducted by the algorithm. The air transport utilization rate depends on the second part of the algorithm, where the allowed number of routes is calculated for individual airlines. The use of an algorithm for calculating the index number of individual countries and at the same time monitoring the development of key indicators every 14 days is a suitable method for ensuring the sustainable use of air transport to minimize financial losses. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sustainable Air Transport Management and Aeronautical and Space Technology Operations in the Context of Environmental and Public Health Impacts)
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17 pages, 3211 KiB  
Article
Civil Aviation Occurrences in Slovakia and Their Evaluation Using Statistical Methods
by Miriam Andrejiova, Anna Grincova, Daniela Marasova and Peter Koščák
Sustainability 2021, 13(10), 5396; https://doi.org/10.3390/su13105396 - 12 May 2021
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 2184
Abstract
The nature of a civil aviation occurrence may be defined in three different categories while considering its severity. General categories include civil aviation accidents, serious incidents and incidents. The present article analyses the civil aviation occurrences in Slovakia which happened in the period [...] Read more.
The nature of a civil aviation occurrence may be defined in three different categories while considering its severity. General categories include civil aviation accidents, serious incidents and incidents. The present article analyses the civil aviation occurrences in Slovakia which happened in the period from 2000 to 2019. In this period, there was a significant increase in the number of civil aviation occurrences, and incidents, in particular, represented the highest percentage. A Pareto analysis was applied to identify the key incident categories (wildlife strike, technical failures of the aviation technology and unauthorised penetration of airspace). A multiple regression analysis and the Poisson regression were used to create two models of correlations between the number of civil aviation occurrences and the selected input variables. Both models are statistically significant, and, based on the AIC (Akaike Information Criterion), the Poisson regression model appeared to be of higher quality. The model showed, for example, that an increase in variables (the number of commercial aircrafts aged over 14 years and the number of total aircraft movements) resulted in a slight increase in the expected number of civil aviation occurrences. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sustainable Air Transport Management and Aeronautical and Space Technology Operations in the Context of Environmental and Public Health Impacts)
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24 pages, 13629 KiB  
Article
Improved Radar Composites and Enhanced Value of Meteorological Radar Data Using Different Quality Indices
by Ladislav Méri, Ladislav Gaál, Juraj Bartok, Martin Gažák, Martin Gera, Marián Jurašek and Miroslav Kelemen
Sustainability 2021, 13(9), 5285; https://doi.org/10.3390/su13095285 - 09 May 2021
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 2216
Abstract
Radar measurements are inherently affected by various meteorological and non-meteorological factors that may lead to a degradation of their quality, and the unwanted effects are also transferred into composites, i.e., overlapping images from different radars. The paper was aimed at answering the research [...] Read more.
Radar measurements are inherently affected by various meteorological and non-meteorological factors that may lead to a degradation of their quality, and the unwanted effects are also transferred into composites, i.e., overlapping images from different radars. The paper was aimed at answering the research question whether we could create ‘cleaner’ radar composites without disturbing features, and if yes, how the operational practice could take advantage of the improved results. To achieve these goals, the qRad and qPrec software packages, based on the concept of quality indices, were used. The qRad package estimates the true quality of the C-band radar volume data using various quality indices and attempts to correct some of the adverse effects on the measurements. The qPrec package uses a probabilistic approach to estimate precipitation intensity, based on heterogeneous input data and quality-based outputs of the qRad software. The advantages of the qRad software are improved radar composites, which offer benefits, among others, for aviation meteorology. At the same time, the advantages of the qPrec software are manifested through improved quantitative precipitation estimation, which can be translated into hydrological modeling or climatological precipitation mapping. Beyond this, the developed software indirectly contributes to sustainability and environmental protection—for instance, by enabling fuel savings due to the more effective planning of flight routes or avoiding runway excursions due to information on the increased risk of aquaplaning. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sustainable Air Transport Management and Aeronautical and Space Technology Operations in the Context of Environmental and Public Health Impacts)
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21 pages, 6743 KiB  
Article
The Use of Ethanol as an Alternative Fuel for Small Turbojet Engines
by Rudolf Andoga, Ladislav Főző, Martin Schrötter and Stanislav Szabo
Sustainability 2021, 13(5), 2541; https://doi.org/10.3390/su13052541 - 26 Feb 2021
Cited by 12 | Viewed by 4459
Abstract
The use of alternative fuels to traditional kerosene-based ones in turbo-jet engines is currently being widely explored and researched. However, the application of alternative fuels in the area of small turbojet engines with thrust ratings up to 2 kilo-newtons, which are used as [...] Read more.
The use of alternative fuels to traditional kerosene-based ones in turbo-jet engines is currently being widely explored and researched. However, the application of alternative fuels in the area of small turbojet engines with thrust ratings up to 2 kilo-newtons, which are used as auxiliary power units or to propel small aircraft or drones, is not as well researched. This paper explores the use of ethanol as a sustainable fuel and its effects on the operation of a small turbojet engine under laboratory conditions. Several concentrations of ethanol and JET A-1 mixtures are explored to study the effects of this fuel on the basic parameters of a small turbojet engine. The influence of the different concentrations of the mixture on the start-up process, speed of the engine, exhaust gas temperature, and compressor pressure are evaluated. The measurements shown in the article represent a pilot study, the results of which show that ethanol can be reliably used as an alternative fuel only when its concentration in a mixture with traditional fuel is lower than 40%, yielding positive effects on the operating temperatures and small negative effects on the speed or thrust of the engine. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sustainable Air Transport Management and Aeronautical and Space Technology Operations in the Context of Environmental and Public Health Impacts)
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21 pages, 670 KiB  
Article
Environmental Education in the Preparation of Students of Tourism and Finance and Management in the Czech Republic
by Pavel Krpálek, Kateřina Berková, Katarína Krpálková Krelová, Andrea Kubišová, Dagmar Frendlovská and Stanislav Szabo
Sustainability 2020, 12(17), 6736; https://doi.org/10.3390/su12176736 - 20 Aug 2020
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1825
Abstract
Higher education includes space for creating cross-cutting competence profiles of future professionals aimed at addressing key sustainability challenges in increasingly complex and global contexts. The research seeks to identify and evaluate the level of engagement in environmental education in study programmes at a [...] Read more.
Higher education includes space for creating cross-cutting competence profiles of future professionals aimed at addressing key sustainability challenges in increasingly complex and global contexts. The research seeks to identify and evaluate the level of engagement in environmental education in study programmes at a career-oriented higher education institution in the Czech Republic. The research sample consisted of 3680 students of the Tourism and Finance and Management study programmes of the College of Polytechnics Jihlava, who participated in work placements in the course of their studies. An educational analysis was applied for qualitative research and evaluation of the level of implementation of the environmental educational component. Quantitative research was based on a questionnaire method, with tests to verify hypotheses being performed at a significance level of 5%. It was proven that the inclusion of an environmental component was influenced by the study programme. This influence was confirmed for the Tourism study programme, while for Finance and Management it was not verified. The environmental component in the Tourism study programme is developed through work placements; however, with regards to major study subjects taught, qualitative research analysing the inclusion of environmental aspects in these subjects proved the opposite. The Finance and Management study programme does not currently use the potential for environmental education development. The research revealed certain drawbacks and uncovered the potential to streamline environmental education at the career-oriented higher education institution. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sustainable Air Transport Management and Aeronautical and Space Technology Operations in the Context of Environmental and Public Health Impacts)
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