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Sustainability
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Research and Application of Renewable Energy: Novel Fuel Cells
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Research and Application of Renewable Energy: Novel Fuel Cells

A special issue of Sustainability (ISSN 2071-1050). This special issue belongs to the section "Resources and Sustainable Utilization".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 September 2023) | Viewed by 2790

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Yuvarajan Devarajan

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Thermal Engineering, Saveetha School of Engineering, SIMATS Deemed University, Chennai 602105, Tamil Nadu, India
Interests: biofuels; alternative fuels; phase-change materials; IC engines
Dr. Natrayan Lakshmaiya

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Saveetha School of Engineering, SIMATS Deemed University, Chennai 602105, Tamil Nadu, India
Interests: optimization; machine learning algorithms; neural networks; materials; characterization
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Sakthivel Gnanasekaran

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Centre for Automation, School of Mechanical Engineering, VIT University Chennai, Chennai, India
Interests: mechatronics and automation; digital manufacturing; automotive ergonomics; machine intelligence and CPS; diesel engine; biodiesel

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The mitigation of emissions associated with fossil fuels is vital from both environmental and technical viewpoints. Renewable energies have received incredible interest, chiefly because of the unsafe pollution footprint of conventional energy sources. Diverse renewable energies, namely, biomass, biofuels, and solar energy, provide solutions to lower emissions. Additionally, fossil fuels are non-renewable and limited in quantity, and contribute to greenhouse gas emissions and enhance climate warming. Hence, it is mandatory to strengthen energy production from diverse renewable energy sources. This Special Issue deals with perspectives on, the potential of, and the current state of sustainable and renewable energy development. This Special Issue will address the state-of-the-art economic, technical and scientific aspects of sustainable and renewable energy. The articles published in this Issue will cover sustainable and renewable energy conversion, strategies and technologies which help to reduce thermal emissions at both global and local scale.

This Special Issue invites review articles and original research papers from eminent researchers engaged with Sustainable and Green Energy Technologies. The Research Topic “Research and Application of Renewable Energy: Novel Fuel Cells” covers research on topics including but not limited to those listed in the following keywords.

Dr. Yuvarajan Devarajan
Dr. Natrayan Lakshmaiya
Prof. Dr. Sakthivel Gnanasekaran
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Sustainability is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • biomass conversion
  • biofuel
  • hydrogen fuel
  • algae
  • fuel cells
  • green additives
  • phase-change materials
  • after-treatment systems
  • waste-to-energy

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

16 pages, 1401 KiB  
Article
Sustainable Development of a Direct Methanol Fuel Cell Using the Enhanced LSHADE Algorithm and Newton Raphson Method
by Manish Kumar Singla, Jyoti Gupta, Mohammed H. Alsharif, Abu Jahid and Khalid Yahya
Sustainability 2024, 16(1), 62; https://doi.org/10.3390/su16010062 - 20 Dec 2023
Viewed by 670
Abstract
This paper presents a mathematical model for stacks of direct methanol fuel cells (DMFCs) using an optimised method. In order to reduce the sum of squared errors (SSE) in calculating the polarisation profile, the suggested technique makes use of simulated experimental data. Given [...] Read more.
This paper presents a mathematical model for stacks of direct methanol fuel cells (DMFCs) using an optimised method. In order to reduce the sum of squared errors (SSE) in calculating the polarisation profile, the suggested technique makes use of simulated experimental data. Given that DMFC is one of the viable fuel cell choices, developing an appropriate model is essential for cost reduction. However, resolving this issue has proven difficult due to its complex and highly nonlinear character, particularly when adjusting the DMFC model to various operating temperatures. By combining the algorithm and the objective function, the current work introduces a novel method called LSHADE (ELSHADE) for determining the parameters of the DMFC model. This technique seeks to accurately identify DMFCs’ characteristics. The ELSHADE method consists of two stages, the first of which is controlled by a reliable mutation process and the latter by a chaotic approach. The study also recommends an improved Newton–Raphson (INR) approach to deal with the chaotic nature of the I-V curve equation. The findings show that, when used on actual experimental data, the ELSHADE-INR technique outperforms existing algorithms in a variety of statistical metrics for accurately identifying global solutions. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Research and Application of Renewable Energy: Novel Fuel Cells)
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24 pages, 1892 KiB  
Article
Powering the Future: Progress and Hurdles in Developing Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell Components to Achieve Department of Energy Goals—A Systematic Review
by Dinesh Kumar Madheswaran, Mohanraj Thangamuthu, Sakthivel Gnanasekaran, Suresh Gopi, Tamilvanan Ayyasamy and Sujit S. Pardeshi
Sustainability 2023, 15(22), 15923; https://doi.org/10.3390/su152215923 - 14 Nov 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1733
Abstract
This comprehensive review explores recent developments in Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells (PEMFCs) and evaluates their alignment with the ambitious targets established by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE). Notable advancements have been made in developing catalysts, membrane technology advancements, gas diffusion layers [...] Read more.
This comprehensive review explores recent developments in Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells (PEMFCs) and evaluates their alignment with the ambitious targets established by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE). Notable advancements have been made in developing catalysts, membrane technology advancements, gas diffusion layers (GDLs), and enhancements in bipolar plates. Notable findings include using carbon nanotubes and graphene oxide in membranes, leading to substantial performance enhancements. Innovative coatings and materials for bipolar plates have demonstrated improved corrosion resistance and reduced interfacial contact resistance, approaching DOE targets. Nevertheless, the persistent trade-off between durability and cost remains a formidable challenge. Extending fuel cell lifetimes to DOE standards often necessitates higher catalyst loadings, conflicting with cost reduction objectives. Despite substantial advancements, the ultimate DOE goals of USD 30/kW for fuel cell electric vehicles (FCEVs) and USD 600,000 for fuel cell electric buses (FCEBs) remain elusive. This review underscores the necessity for continuous research and innovation, emphasizing the importance of collaborative efforts among academia, industry, and government agencies to overcome the remaining technical barriers. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Research and Application of Renewable Energy: Novel Fuel Cells)
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