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Sustainability
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Migration, Diversity and Sustainability in a Changing Emerging Market Landscape
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Migration, Diversity and Sustainability in a Changing Emerging Market Landscape

A special issue of Sustainability (ISSN 2071-1050). This special issue belongs to the section "Economic and Business Aspects of Sustainability".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 August 2023) | Viewed by 7717

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Mahfuzur Rahman

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Accountancy Finance and Economics, Lincoln International Business School, University of Lincoln, Lincoln LN6 7TS, UK
Interests: international business; sustainability and innovation
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Dieu Hack-Polay

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Graduates Studies, Crandall University, Moncton, NB, Canada
Interests: migrant workers; diaspora; SMEs; organizational studies
Dr. Md Asadul Islam

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
BRAC Business School, BRAC University, Dhaka 1212, Bangladesh
Interests: business management; women empowerment; HRM; entrepreneurship; sustainability; Industry 4.0

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Today, it is thought that emerging economies are growing at a faster rate than they were a few decades ago. Much of this is credited to greater mobility and the transfer of capital and migration (Gevorkyan, 2022; Hack-Polay et al., 2021). Some emerging countries are now termed transitional economies (China, Saudi Arabia, Brazil, South Africa, South Korea, etc.) due to their level of development and wealth, which now nears that of some developed nations. These countries have witnessed an engagement of the diaspora in their growth, allowing for the reverse knowledge transfer, which is increasingly known as brain gain (Enkhtaivan, Brusa & Davaadorj, 2021).  Although large multinationals have had a significant role to play, often the impact of smaller actors has not been stressed enough (Hamdan et al., 2022). For example, there is emerging research in the literature on the weight of migrants in both receiving countries and home countries (Hack-Polay et al., 2021; Rahman et al., 2021). There are also some empirical studies now examining the role of traditional expatriates and entrepreneurship in emerging economies, which contributes to job creation and community livelihood. However, again, these contributions have been under-researched. Similarly, the role of the diaspora has traditionally been viewed from the lens of brain drain (the loss of intellectual capital by emerging nations). However, increasingly, an alternative school of thought is looking more dialectically at the role of the diaspora alongside that of traditional expatriates as a source of brain gain, acknowledging the growing input of diasporas in developing nations via various means, e.g., diaspora SMEs, and diaspora direct investment and skill transfer (Enkhtaivan, Brusa & Davaadorj, 2021; Hack-Polay & Siwale, 2018).

This Special Issue is construed from the perspective of human capital; thus, it brings together the contributions of diverse players whose impact can only be better appreciated through a systematic and bigger picture, appraising the development forces in emerging economies. We are eager to receive submissions from researchers in both the Global South and the Global North, whose investigations touch on the unspoken contributions that are driving growth in many emerging economies. Research papers that touch on two or more of the SI’s themes are particularly welcome. If you would like to check whether your intended paper fits, in the first instance, you may contact the Guest Editors through the emails below.

In this Special Issue, original research articles and reviews are welcome. Research areas may include (but are not limited to) the following:

  • Migration and development in emerging economies;
  • Brain drains or brain gain;
  • Contribution of the diaspora to local development;
  • Revisiting the role of traditional expatriates in emerging economy development;
  • Diversity in board and organizational management;
  • Diaspora SMEs.

References

Al-Qahtani, M.; Zguir, M.F.; Ari, I.; Koç, M. (2022) Female Entrepreneurship for Sustainable Economy and Development—Challenges, Drivers, and Suggested Policies for Resource-Rich Countries. Sustainability, 14, 13412. https://doi.org/10.3390/su142013412.

Enkhtaivan, B.; Brusa, J.; Davaadorj, Z. (2021) "A Gap in Brain Gain for Emerging Countries: Evidence of International Immigration on Non-Resident Patents" Journal of Risk and Financial Management 14, no. 1: 7. https://doi.org/10.3390/jrfm14010007.

Gevorkyan, A.V. (2022) Diaspora and Economic Development: A Systemic View. Eur J Dev Res 34, 1522–1541. https://doi.org/10.1057/s41287-021-00432-x.

Hack-Polay, D., Mahmoud, A.B., Rydzik, A., Rahman, M., Igwe, P.A. and Bosworth, G. (Ed.) (2021) Migration Practice as Creative Practice, Emerald Publishing Limited, Bingley, pp. 171-171.

Hack-Polay, D. and Siwale, J. (2018) African diaspora direct investment: establishing the economic and socio-cultural rationale. Palgrave Studies of Entrepreneurship in Africa. Palgrave.

Hamdan, A., Ghura, H., Alareeni, B. & Hamdan, R. K. (2022) Entrepreneurship Growth in Emerging Economies: New Insights and Approaches, Journal of Sustainable Finance & Investment, 12:1, 1-12, DOI: 10.1080/20430795.2021.1944750.

OECD/ILO (2018), How Immigrants Contribute to Developing Countries’ Economies, OECD Publishing, Paris. http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/9789264288737-en.

Rahman, M., & Mendy, J. (2019) Evaluating People-related Resilience and Non-Resilience Barriers of SMEs’ Internationalisation: A developing country perspective. International Journal of Organizational Analysis, 27(2), 225-240.

Rahman, M., Hack-Polay, D., Shafique, S. and Igwe, P.A. (2021) "Dynamic capability of the firm: analysis of the impact of internationalisation on SME performance in an emerging economy", International Journal of Emerging Markets, Vol. ahead-of-print No. ahead-of-print. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJOEM-02-2021-0236.

Sajjad, M., Kaleem, N., Chani, M.I. and Ahmed, M. (2020), "Worldwide role of women entrepreneurs in economic development", Asia Pacific Journal of Innovation and Entrepreneurship, 14(2), 151-160.

We look forward to receiving your contributions.

Dr. Mahfuzur Rahman
Prof. Dr. Dieu Hack-Polay
Dr. Md Asadul Islam
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Sustainability is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • sustainability
  • migration
  • development
  • emerging economy
  • entrepreneurship
  • diversity
  • diaspora

Published Papers (4 papers)

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17 pages, 1086 KiB  
Article
Factors That Influence the Life Satisfaction of Afghan Refugees Living in Eastern Turkey: The Role of Their Migration Causes
by Songul Gul
Sustainability 2023, 15(20), 14853; https://doi.org/10.3390/su152014853 - 13 Oct 2023
Viewed by 1015
Abstract
In this study, the impact of the reasons for leaving their country (such as social, economic, and political) of Afghan asylum seekers who illegally entered Turkey from the eastern border on their life satisfaction in the country of destination was analyzed. The sample [...] Read more.
In this study, the impact of the reasons for leaving their country (such as social, economic, and political) of Afghan asylum seekers who illegally entered Turkey from the eastern border on their life satisfaction in the country of destination was analyzed. The sample comprised 500 individuals (54.8% women; 42.4% < 30 age) who came as refugees from Turkey’s eastern border. Three-stages of analysis were carried out in the study: the Mantel–Haenszel test, ordered logit, and CART (Classification and Regression Trees) decision tree. The main findings obtained from these analyses show that individuals leaving their country for economic reasons and because of war/terrorism are happier, while those leaving their country because of religious and cultural pressures are unhappier. According to the results of the CART analysis, the most frequently repeated variables are economic and life satisfaction of individuals who are satisfied with their household income and save money is at its highest level. In the analysis it is also seen that the life satisfaction level of individuals who are not satisfied with their household income, leave their country for reasons other than economic reasons, and make a living on debt is very low. This study also focuses on the relationship between happiness and sustainable development (SD). It has associated the reasons for migrants leaving their countries with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), highlighting the significance of happiness studies in achieving the SDGs. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Migration, Diversity and Sustainability in a Changing Emerging Market Landscape)
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20 pages, 1652 KiB  
Article
Urban Environment Quality and Migrant Settlement Intentions: Evidence from China’s Hygienic Cities Initiative
by Dan Sun and Guochang Zhao
Sustainability 2023, 15(17), 13093; https://doi.org/10.3390/su151713093 - 30 Aug 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 795
Abstract
The number of internal migrants in China reached 376 million in 2020, accounting for about one-fourth of the total population. Therefore, promoting their settlement in cities and integration into urban life is crucial for both sustainability and for their well-being. Drawing on data [...] Read more.
The number of internal migrants in China reached 376 million in 2020, accounting for about one-fourth of the total population. Therefore, promoting their settlement in cities and integration into urban life is crucial for both sustainability and for their well-being. Drawing on data from the 2014–2018 China Migrants Dynamic Survey and taking the “Hygienic Cities Initiative” as a quasi-experiment, this research study analyzes the influence of improving the urban environment quality on migrants’ settlement intentions within a difference-in-difference (DID) framework. The study findings indicate that the creation of “Hygienic Cities” demonstrates a significant positive effect on migrants’ settlement intentions, thereby leading to a 4.57% increase. Further analysis highlights that the creation of “Hygienic Cities” primarily affects migrants’ settlement intentions by (1) improving local air quality and (2) increasing the sanitation of the urban environment. In addition to this, the effect of “Hygienic Cities” on migrants’ settlement intentions is stronger for migrants with higher education and income levels, shorter migration experience, unmarried males, and employers or self-employed individuals. This research article confirms that the urban residential environment has become a critical factor influencing Chinese migrants’ settlement intentions. As a result, further attention to environmental protection and improvements in urban environmental sanitation is crucial in city management for attracting talent and investments to cities, but such initiatives may also lead to potential gender imbalance in cities. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Migration, Diversity and Sustainability in a Changing Emerging Market Landscape)
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15 pages, 673 KiB  
Article
Beyond Cultural Instrumentality: Exploring the Concept of Total Diaspora Cultural Capital for Sustainability
by Dieu Hack-Polay, Mahfuzur Rahman and Matthijs Bal
Sustainability 2023, 15(7), 6238; https://doi.org/10.3390/su15076238 - 05 Apr 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2125
Abstract
In this article, we critique and extend Bourdieu’s notion of cultural capital to develop the new concept of total diaspora cultural capital. We build on the limitations of cultural capital, which in the Bourdieu theory centre on materiality and class perpetuation. The article [...] Read more.
In this article, we critique and extend Bourdieu’s notion of cultural capital to develop the new concept of total diaspora cultural capital. We build on the limitations of cultural capital, which in the Bourdieu theory centre on materiality and class perpetuation. The article builds on an extensive review of the literature, using the PRISMA framework. We also use the findings of previous research to illustrate this argument. We differentiate between four types of organisations or groups that articulate various levels of cultural capital to build a body of evidence that establishes total diaspora cultural capital (type D groups) as a bounded collective identity creation encapsulating three main dimensions: appropriation, customisation and deployment. Total diaspora cultural capital is perceived as fitting the post-colonial global context through the acknowledgement that diasporas and hosts make the modern world, being agents who create and disseminate culture and economic sustainability through reciprocal appropriation of cultural assets. The research is the first to conceptualise the notion of total diaspora cultural capital. This research significantly extends Bourdieu’s concept of cultural capital, which fails to capture the multiple contours of evolving sustainability perspectives. Total diaspora cultural capital creates bounded cultural capital that strengthens the agility of diaspora businesses. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Migration, Diversity and Sustainability in a Changing Emerging Market Landscape)
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15 pages, 1947 KiB  
Systematic Review
A Systematic Literature Review of GHRM: Organizational Sustainable Performance Reimagined Using a New Holistic Framework
by Shah Ridwan Chowdhury, John Mendy and Mahfuzur Rahman
Sustainability 2023, 15(9), 7513; https://doi.org/10.3390/su15097513 - 04 May 2023
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 3115
Abstract
Despite the plethora of explications of the direct and indirect impacts of green people management practices on different dimensions of individual and organizational performance and sustainability, a holistic model demonstrating the constituent aspects and impacts of such sustainability on organizational, individual, and team [...] Read more.
Despite the plethora of explications of the direct and indirect impacts of green people management practices on different dimensions of individual and organizational performance and sustainability, a holistic model demonstrating the constituent aspects and impacts of such sustainability on organizational, individual, and team performance is missing. The objective of this study is to address this gap/void through a review of 127 papers on green human resource management (GHRM) following a systematic literature review approach. Based on the systematic review, this study used a thematic analysis, which identified twenty-four disparate people and organizational aspects and grouped the most used ones into five theoretical lenses, including AMO = ability–motivation–opportunity, RBV = resource-based view, SHT = stakeholder theory, SET =social exchange theory, and SIT = social identity theory. These five sets of results were used to develop the first-of-its-kind holistic framework showing how GHRM works in a cyclical process to fill the missing gap in how to sustainably improve individual, group, and organizational performance for multiple organizational stakeholders. Second, this article contributes theoretically to the social engagement and social identity theories, thereby extending Deci and Ryan’s organismic integration and self-determination theories to show how GHRM practices can be implemented for sustainable organizational performance. Third, this study also proposed a new and more sustainable bottom line for business organizations seeking to improve their performance, and this contribution is referred to as sustainable GHRM-organizational performance (SGHRM-OrgP). Finally, this study proposes a research agenda highlighting where more research areas are needed. Despite the potential that such a model offers for organizational sustainability, the authors recognize the next research step of applying its constituent parts in practically optimizing performance. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Migration, Diversity and Sustainability in a Changing Emerging Market Landscape)
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