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Separations
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Advances in CO2 Adsorptive Separation for CO2 Capture
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Advances in CO2 Adsorptive Separation for CO2 Capture

A special issue of Separations (ISSN 2297-8739). This special issue belongs to the section "Analysis of Energies".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 December 2023) | Viewed by 13753

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Federica Raganati

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Institute for Research on Combustion (IRC)-CNR, P.le V. Tecchio, 80-80125 Napoli, Italy
Interests: CO2 capture and storage (CCS); CO2 adsorption; temperature swing adsorption; thermochemical energy storage; fluidization; fine/ultra-fine cohesive particles
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This is a call for papers for a Special Issue on “Advances in CO2 Adsorptive Separation for CO2 Capture”.

Among all the greenhouse gases, CO2 is blamed as the main contributor due to the amount of it present in the atmosphere. In this framework, one approach that holds great promise for reducing CO2 emissions into the atmosphere from large fixed industrial sources is carbon capture and storage (CCS). However, for CCS schemes to be actually feasible, further research is needed to reduce the considerable costs of the capture phase, especially if performed by means of current state-of-the-art separation technologies.

In this scenario, adsorption using solid sorbents has been receiving increasing research interest since it offers superior advantages over the well-developed amine-scrubbing technology: low regeneration energy consumption, selectivity, ease of handling, no liquid waste, and ease of applicability over a relatively wide range of operating temperatures. However, for adsorption to become one of the leading capture technologies, the choice of the adsorbent material is crucial. Indeed, a good adsorbent material should be economically viable and, at the same time, provide high performances in terms of high adsorption capacity, fast adsorption/desorption rates, and high stability over multiple adsorption/desorption cycles. Even though the sorbent material is of paramount importance, the development and set-up of an appropriate and reliable adsorption/regeneration process (temperature swing adsorption, pressure swing adsorption, vacuum swing adsorption, etc.) is also crucial.

Therefore, this Special Issue calls for the submission (including research articles, communications, and reviews) of experimental, computational, and theoretical studies focusing on topics such as the synthesis, characterization, and application of advanced adsorbent materials and the engineering of materials and processes for high-efficiency and cost-effective CO2 capture by adsorptive separation. Articles focusing on the environmental aspects related to CO2 adsorption or life cycle analysis will also be welcome.

Dr. Federica Raganati
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Separations is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • CO2 adsorption
  • temperature swing adsorption (TSA)
  • pressure swing adsorption (PSA)
  • vacuum swing adsorption (VSA)
  • amine-based adsorbents
  • carbon-based adsorbents
  • zeolite-based adsorbents
  • waste-based adsorbents.

Published Papers (7 papers)

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Research

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15 pages, 2394 KiB  
Article
Selective H2 Evolution and CO2 Absorption in Electrolysis of Ethanolamine Aqueous Solutions
by Satoshi Fukada, Ryosuke Sakai, Makoto Oya and Kazunari Katayama
Separations 2023, 10(11), 578; https://doi.org/10.3390/separations10110578 - 20 Nov 2023
Viewed by 1237
Abstract
Selective H2 evolution and CO2 absorption in several ethanolamine aqueous solutions are comparatively investigated using a new electrolysis reactor. H2 bubbles are generated from a cathode in any ethanolamine electrolyte, and its experimental gas evolution rates are correlated by Faraday’s [...] Read more.
Selective H2 evolution and CO2 absorption in several ethanolamine aqueous solutions are comparatively investigated using a new electrolysis reactor. H2 bubbles are generated from a cathode in any ethanolamine electrolyte, and its experimental gas evolution rates are correlated by Faraday’s first rule. No or smaller amounts of CO2 and N2 bubbles than stoichiometric ones are generated on an anode through the reaction between hydroxide ions and ethanolamine ones. No CO or O2 is observed in the system exhaust, and most of the CO2, along with N2, is still absorbed in ethanolamine aqueous solutions with the addition of KOH and/or HCOOH under high pH conditions. Variations of the concentrations of coexisting ions dissolved in the electrolytes of mono- or tri-ethanolamine (MEA or TEA) and ethylenediamine (EDA) solutions with CO2 absorption are calculated using the equilibrium constants to relate the concentrations of solute ions. Electric resistivities of the ethanolamine aqueous solutions are correlated by the pH value and are analyzed in terms of equilibrium constants among the concentrations of coexisting ions. Conditions of the MEA electrolyte to achieve high-performance electrolysis is discussed for selective H2 generation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in CO2 Adsorptive Separation for CO2 Capture)
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25 pages, 4971 KiB  
Article
Evaluation of CO2 Adsorption Parameters in Fluidised Zeolite 13X Beds Using Non-Linear Multivariate Optimisation
by Alessio Caravella, Giuseppe Prenesti, Salvatore De Luca, Maria Turano, Flaviano Testa and Rossella Girimonte
Separations 2023, 10(11), 558; https://doi.org/10.3390/separations10110558 - 03 Nov 2023
Viewed by 1607
Abstract
This work is part of a research project aimed at studying potential sorbents for CO2 capture. The main parameters characterising the adsorption process of zeolite 13X were derived with the aim of overcoming the limits of experimental analysis and thus predicting the [...] Read more.
This work is part of a research project aimed at studying potential sorbents for CO2 capture. The main parameters characterising the adsorption process of zeolite 13X were derived with the aim of overcoming the limits of experimental analysis and thus predicting the performances of the materials of interest. In particular, the main parameters that control the adsorption process of CO2 in zeolite 13X were evaluated through parametric optimisation. This systematic procedure allows for the prediction of the performances of the materials at different operating conditions, identifying the most suitable ones for the case under consideration. Another important application lies in the possibility of a preliminary study of a potential process scale-up for future industrial use. The captured carbon dioxide can be stored or used as a reagent in the production of products with higher economic values, such as methanol, DME and others. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in CO2 Adsorptive Separation for CO2 Capture)
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21 pages, 6229 KiB  
Article
Synthesis and Characterization of Amorphous SiO2−FexOy Materials Starting from Iron Sulfate for Preliminary Studies of CO2 Adsorption
by Cătălin Ianăşi, Bogdan Pascu, Nicoleta Nemeş and Alexandru Popa
Separations 2023, 10(6), 352; https://doi.org/10.3390/separations10060352 - 13 Jun 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1349
Abstract
The goal of this work is to investigate the effectiveness of amorphous SiO2−FexOy loaded by functionalization with Ce(SO4)2, Li2SO4, and 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES) for CO2 adsorption. Silica and iron-based materials [...] Read more.
The goal of this work is to investigate the effectiveness of amorphous SiO2−FexOy loaded by functionalization with Ce(SO4)2, Li2SO4, and 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES) for CO2 adsorption. Silica and iron-based materials are gaining popularity due to their wide range of applications, such as catalysis, photocatalysis, imaging, etc.; however, there are very few studies regarding the adsorption of CO2 with the aforementioned materials. In our study, we proposed to test their ability in this direction by adding cerium sulfate and lithium sulfate. Three base materials were obtained and characterized using XRD, FTIR, RAMAN, TG, SEM, and BET followed by their functionalization with amino groups by using of the APTES precursor. The SEM images indicate an increase in size, forming clusters from 100 nm for base materials to 500 nm for functionalized materials. The results indicate a maximum CO2 adsorption of 1.58 mmol/g material for the SiO2−FexOy−Li−APTES sample. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in CO2 Adsorptive Separation for CO2 Capture)
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18 pages, 7106 KiB  
Article
In Situ XRD, Raman Characterization, and Kinetic Study of CO2 Capture by Alkali Carbonate-Doped Na4SiO4
by Zhen Wang, Chenteng Sun, Qian Xu, Xingli Zou, Hongwei Cheng and Xionggang Lu
Separations 2022, 9(12), 428; https://doi.org/10.3390/separations9120428 - 10 Dec 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1397
Abstract
Sodium silicate, a new type of CO2 sorbent, has a relatively low cost, but its sorption reactivity is not yet good enough. Alkali carbonate doping is commonly used as an effective means to improve the CO2 uptake reactivity of solid sorbents. [...] Read more.
Sodium silicate, a new type of CO2 sorbent, has a relatively low cost, but its sorption reactivity is not yet good enough. Alkali carbonate doping is commonly used as an effective means to improve the CO2 uptake reactivity of solid sorbents. In this study, sodium orthosilicate, Na4SiO4, was synthesized and mixed with 5, 10, and 20 mol% of Li2CO3–Na2CO3 or Li2CO3–Na2CO3–K2CO3 as CO2 sorbents. The promotion of alkali carbonates on Na4SiO4 in CO2 capture was characterized using thermal analyses in an 80 vol% CO2–20 vol% N2 atmosphere. The phase evolution and structural transformations during CO2 capture were characterized by in situ XRD and Raman, and the results showed that the intermediate pyrocarbonate, C2O52−, which emerged from alkali carbonates, enhanced the CO2 capture of Na4SiO4 to form Na2CO3 and Na2SiO3 from 100 °C. Isothermal analyses showed that 10 mol% of Li2CO3–Na2CO3 was the optimal additive for Na4SiO4 to attain better CO2 uptake performance. The alkali carbonates were effective in reducing the activation energy for both chemisorption and bulk diffusion, improving the cycle stability of Na4SiO4. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in CO2 Adsorptive Separation for CO2 Capture)
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12 pages, 1284 KiB  
Article
Simulation of CO2 Capture Process in Flue Gas from Oxy-Fuel Combustion Plant and Effects of Properties of Absorbent
by Xiaoting Huang, Ning Ai, Lan Li, Quanda Jiang, Qining Wang, Jie Ren and Jiawei Wang
Separations 2022, 9(4), 95; https://doi.org/10.3390/separations9040095 - 11 Apr 2022
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 3264
Abstract
Oxy-fuel combustion technology is an effective way to reduce CO2 emissions. An ionic liquid [emim][Tf2N] was used to capture the CO2 in flue gas from oxy-fuel combustion plant. The process of the CO2 capture was simulated using Aspen [...] Read more.
Oxy-fuel combustion technology is an effective way to reduce CO2 emissions. An ionic liquid [emim][Tf2N] was used to capture the CO2 in flue gas from oxy-fuel combustion plant. The process of the CO2 capture was simulated using Aspen Plus. The results show that when the liquid–gas ratio is 1.55, the volume fraction of CO2 in the exhaust gas is controlled to about 2%. When the desorption pressure is 0.01 MPa, desorption efficiency is 98.2%. Additionally, based on the designability of ionic liquids, a hypothesis on the physical properties of ionic liquids is proposed to evaluate their influence on the absorption process and heat exchanger design. The process evaluation results show that an ionic liquid having a large density, a large thermal conductivity, and a high heat capacity at constant pressure is advantageous. This paper shows that from capture energy consumption and lean circulation, oxy-fuel combustion is a more economical method. Furthermore, it provides a feasible path for the treatment of CO2 in the waste gas of oxy-fuel combustion. Meanwhile, Aspen simulation helps speed up the application of ionic liquids and oxy-fuel combustion. Process evaluation helps in equipment design and selection. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in CO2 Adsorptive Separation for CO2 Capture)
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10 pages, 1512 KiB  
Article
Post-Functionalization of Bromo-Substituted Ether-Linked Polymers via Ullman Coupling Reaction: Synthesis, Characterization and Their Role toward Carbon Dioxide Capture
by Tareq M. A. Al-Shboul, Suha S. Al-Tarawneh, Taher S. Ababneh and Taghreed M. A. Jazzazi
Separations 2022, 9(3), 55; https://doi.org/10.3390/separations9030055 - 23 Feb 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2220
Abstract
A new open-chain ether-linked polymer has been prepared via nucleophilic aromatic substitution reaction on a C-F bond of 1,4-dibromo-2,5-difluorobenzene by using 2,2-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl) hexafluoropropane (bisphenol AF or BAF). The new polymer (PE-AF) has shown a good solubility in non-polar solvents, good thermal stability (up [...] Read more.
A new open-chain ether-linked polymer has been prepared via nucleophilic aromatic substitution reaction on a C-F bond of 1,4-dibromo-2,5-difluorobenzene by using 2,2-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl) hexafluoropropane (bisphenol AF or BAF). The new polymer (PE-AF) has shown a good solubility in non-polar solvents, good thermal stability (up to 300 °C) and random surface morphology. Tailoring these properties has been achieved by utilizing the post-modification synthetic methodology on the bromo-sites of the polymer backbone via the application of an Ullmann coupling reaction with aniline to form the polymer (PE-Sec-NHPh). The successful synthesis of the polymers has been confirmed by elemental analysis, infrared spectroscopy (IR), 1H- and 13C-NMR and 13C CP-MAS solid state. Upon incorporation of the aniline linker, the nitrogen content increased when compared with the parent polymer chain, and thus PE-Sec-NHPh revealed a higher thermal stability up to 350 °C and a more uniformly aggregated morphology (spherical particles ca. 0.3–0.1 µm). A further evaluation has been conducted on the polymers by measuring their surface tendency toward carbon dioxide capture. Interestingly, despite their non-porous nature, the polymers demonstrated a reasonable amount of gas capture that reached 90.0 and 41.0 mg/g for PE-Sec-NHPh and PE-AF, respectively. Furthermore, the calculated CO2 binding affinities of the polymers are consistent with data reported previously in the literature. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in CO2 Adsorptive Separation for CO2 Capture)
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Review

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23 pages, 1975 KiB  
Review
Nanomaterials for CO2 Capture from Gas Streams
by Francisco Jose Alguacil
Separations 2024, 11(1), 1; https://doi.org/10.3390/separations11010001 - 19 Dec 2023
Viewed by 1364
Abstract
Since CO2 is an important component of gas emissions, its removal from gas streams is of the utmost importance to fulfill various environmental requirements. The technologies used to accomplish this removal are based mainly on absorption, as well as adsorption and membrane [...] Read more.
Since CO2 is an important component of gas emissions, its removal from gas streams is of the utmost importance to fulfill various environmental requirements. The technologies used to accomplish this removal are based mainly on absorption, as well as adsorption and membrane processing. Among the materials used in the above separation processes, materials in nano forms offer a potential alternative to other commonly used macromaterials. The present work reviews the most recent publications (2023) about CO2 capture using different nanomaterials, and whilst most of these publications were dedicated to investigating the above, several presented data on the separation of CO2 from other gases, namely nitrogen and methane. Furthermore, a number of publications investigated the recyclability of nanomaterials under continuous use, and just three of the references were about computational modeling; all others were experimental papers, and only one reference used a real industrial gas. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in CO2 Adsorptive Separation for CO2 Capture)
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