Research

1932 KiB

Open AccessArticle

A Miniaturized Impedimetric Immunosensor for the Competitive Detection of Adrenocorticotropic Hormone

by Nan Li, Egor M. Larin and Kagan Kerman

Sensors 2017, 17(12), 2836; https://doi.org/10.3390/s17122836 - 07 Dec 2017

Cited by 8 | Viewed by 4299

Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) plays an essential role in regulating corticosteroid hormone production, which has important functions in a myriad of critical physiological functions. In this proof-of-concept study, a miniaturized immunosensor was developed for the highly sensitive detection of ACTH using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy [...] Read more.

Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) plays an essential role in regulating corticosteroid hormone production, which has important functions in a myriad of critical physiological functions. In this proof-of-concept study, a miniaturized immunosensor was developed for the highly sensitive detection of ACTH using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) in connection with disposable screen-printed gold electrodes (SPGEs). A film of 3,3′-dithiobis[sulfosuccinimidylpropionate] (DTSSP) was prepared to immobilize anti-ACTH antibodies covalently on the nanostructured SPGE surface. The surface-immobilized anti-ACTH antibodies captured the biotinylated ACTH (biotin-ACTH) and non-labelled ACTH for the competitive immunoassay. After coupling of a streptavidin-alkaline phosphatase conjugate (Streptavidin-ALP), the bio-catalysed precipitation of an insoluble and insulating product onto the sensing interface changed the charge transfer resistance (R_ct) characteristics significantly. The detection limit of 100 fg/mL was determined for ACTH in a 5 μL sample volume, which indicated that this versatile platform can be easily adapted for miniaturized electrochemical immunosensing of cancer marker biomolecules. High selectivity and sensitivity of our immunoassay to detect ACTH in real samples demonstrated its promising potential for future development and applications using clinical samples. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biosensors for Cancer Biomarkers)

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Open AccessArticle

A Novel Detection Method of Human Serum Albumin Based on the Poly(Thymine)-Templated Copper Nanoparticles

by Mingjian Chen, Xinying Xiang, Kefeng Wu, Hailun He, Hanchun Chen and Changbei Ma

Sensors 2017, 17(11), 2684; https://doi.org/10.3390/s17112684 - 21 Nov 2017

Cited by 29 | Viewed by 6444

Abstract

In this work, we developed a facile fluorescence method for quantitative detection of human serum albumin (HSA) based on the inhibition of poly(thymine) (poly T)-templated copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) in the presence of HSA. Under normal circumstances, poly T-templated CuNPs can display strong fluorescence [...] Read more.

In this work, we developed a facile fluorescence method for quantitative detection of human serum albumin (HSA) based on the inhibition of poly(thymine) (poly T)-templated copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) in the presence of HSA. Under normal circumstances, poly T-templated CuNPs can display strong fluorescence with excitation/emission peaks at 340/610 nm. However, in the presence of HSA, it will absorb cupric ion, which will prevent the formation of CuNPs. As a result, the fluorescence intensity will become obviously lower in the presence of HSA. The analyte HSA concentration had a proportional linear relationship with the fluorescence intensity of CuNPs. The detection limit for HSA was 8.2 × 10⁻⁸ mol·L⁻¹. Furthermore, it was also successfully employed to determine HSA in biological samples. Thus, this method has potential applications in point-of-care medical diagnosis and biomedical research. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biosensors for Cancer Biomarkers)

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9074 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Detection of Four Distinct Volatile Indicators of Colorectal Cancer using Functionalized Titania Nanotubular Arrays

by Dhiman Bhattacharyya, Pankaj Kumar, Swomitra K. Mohanty, York R. Smith and Mano Misra

Sensors 2017, 17(8), 1795; https://doi.org/10.3390/s17081795 - 04 Aug 2017

Cited by 15 | Viewed by 4601

Abstract

Screening of colorectal cancer is crucial for early stage diagnosis and treatment. Detection of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) of the metabolome present in exhaled breath is a promising approach to screen colorectal cancer (CRC). Various forms of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) that show [...] Read more.

Screening of colorectal cancer is crucial for early stage diagnosis and treatment. Detection of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) of the metabolome present in exhaled breath is a promising approach to screen colorectal cancer (CRC). Various forms of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) that show the definitive signature for the different diseases including cancers are present in exhale breathe. Among all the reported CRC VOCs, cyclohexane, methylcyclohexane, 1,3-dimethyl- benzene and decanal are identified as the prominent ones that can be used as the signature for CRC screening. In the present investigation, detection of the four prominent VOCs related to CRC is explored using functionalized titania nanotubular arrays (TNAs)-based sensor. These signature biomarkers are shown to be detected using nickel-functionalized TNA as an electrochemical sensor. The sensing mechanism is based on the electrochemical interaction of nickel-functionalized nanotubes with signature biomarkers. A detailed mechanism of the sensor response is also presented. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biosensors for Cancer Biomarkers)

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2560 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Novel Selective Detection Method of Tumor Angiogenesis Factors Using Living Nano-Robots

by Mohamed Al-Fandi, Nida Alshraiedeh, Rami Oweis, Hala Alshdaifat, Omamah Al-Mahaseneh, Khadijah Al-Tall and Rawan Alawneh

Sensors 2017, 17(7), 1580; https://doi.org/10.3390/s17071580 - 14 Jul 2017

Cited by 9 | Viewed by 5058

Abstract

This paper reports a novel self-detection method for tumor cells using living nano-robots. These living robots are a nonpathogenic strain of E. coli bacteria equipped with naturally synthesized bio-nano-sensory systems that have an affinity to VEGF, an angiogenic factor overly-expressed by cancer cells. [...] Read more.

This paper reports a novel self-detection method for tumor cells using living nano-robots. These living robots are a nonpathogenic strain of E. coli bacteria equipped with naturally synthesized bio-nano-sensory systems that have an affinity to VEGF, an angiogenic factor overly-expressed by cancer cells. The VEGF-affinity/chemotaxis was assessed using several assays including the capillary chemotaxis assay, chemotaxis assay on soft agar, and chemotaxis assay on solid agar. In addition, a microfluidic device was developed to possibly discover tumor cells through the overexpressed vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Various experiments to study the sensing characteristic of the nano-robots presented a strong response toward the VEGF. Thus, a new paradigm of selective targeting therapies for cancer can be advanced using swimming E. coli as self-navigator miniaturized robots as well as drug-delivery vehicles. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biosensors for Cancer Biomarkers)

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Review

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Open AccessReview

Non-Invasive Breast Cancer Diagnosis through Electrochemical Biosensing at Different Molecular Levels

by Susana Campuzano, María Pedrero and José Manuel Pingarrón

Sensors 2017, 17(9), 1993; https://doi.org/10.3390/s17091993 - 31 Aug 2017

Cited by 41 | Viewed by 7145

Abstract

The rapid and accurate determination of specific circulating biomarkers at different molecular levels with non- or minimally invasive methods constitutes a major challenge to improve the breast cancer outcomes and life quality of patients. In this field, electrochemical biosensors have demonstrated to be [...] Read more.

The rapid and accurate determination of specific circulating biomarkers at different molecular levels with non- or minimally invasive methods constitutes a major challenge to improve the breast cancer outcomes and life quality of patients. In this field, electrochemical biosensors have demonstrated to be promising alternatives against more complex conventional strategies to perform fast, accurate and on-site determination of circulating biomarkers at low concentrations in minimally treated body fluids. In this article, after discussing briefly the relevance and current challenges associated with the determination of breast cancer circulating biomarkers, an updated overview of the electrochemical affinity biosensing strategies emerged in the last 5 years for this purpose is provided highlighting the great potentiality of these methodologies. After critically discussing the most interesting features of the electrochemical strategies reported so far for the single or multiplexed determination of such biomarkers with demonstrated applicability in liquid biopsy analysis, existing challenges still to be addressed and future directions in this field will be pointed out. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biosensors for Cancer Biomarkers)

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3328 KiB

Open AccessReview

Early Diagnosis of Breast Cancer

by Lulu Wang

Sensors 2017, 17(7), 1572; https://doi.org/10.3390/s17071572 - 05 Jul 2017

Cited by 292 | Viewed by 33475

Abstract

Early-stage cancer detection could reduce breast cancer death rates significantly in the long-term. The most critical point for best prognosis is to identify early-stage cancer cells. Investigators have studied many breast diagnostic approaches, including mammography, magnetic resonance imaging, ultrasound, computerized tomography, positron emission [...] Read more.

Early-stage cancer detection could reduce breast cancer death rates significantly in the long-term. The most critical point for best prognosis is to identify early-stage cancer cells. Investigators have studied many breast diagnostic approaches, including mammography, magnetic resonance imaging, ultrasound, computerized tomography, positron emission tomography and biopsy. However, these techniques have some limitations such as being expensive, time consuming and not suitable for young women. Developing a high-sensitive and rapid early-stage breast cancer diagnostic method is urgent. In recent years, investigators have paid their attention in the development of biosensors to detect breast cancer using different biomarkers. Apart from biosensors and biomarkers, microwave imaging techniques have also been intensely studied as a promising diagnostic tool for rapid and cost-effective early-stage breast cancer detection. This paper aims to provide an overview on recent important achievements in breast screening methods (particularly on microwave imaging) and breast biomarkers along with biosensors for rapidly diagnosing breast cancer. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biosensors for Cancer Biomarkers)

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1648 KiB

Open AccessFeature PaperReview

MIP-Based Sensors: Promising New Tools for Cancer Biomarker Determination

by Giulia Selvolini and Giovanna Marrazza

Sensors 2017, 17(4), 718; https://doi.org/10.3390/s17040718 - 29 Mar 2017

Cited by 135 | Viewed by 9781

Abstract

Detecting cancer disease at an early stage is one of the most important issues for increasing the survival rate of patients. Cancer biomarker detection helps to provide a diagnosis before the disease becomes incurable in later stages. Biomarkers can also be used to [...] Read more.

Detecting cancer disease at an early stage is one of the most important issues for increasing the survival rate of patients. Cancer biomarker detection helps to provide a diagnosis before the disease becomes incurable in later stages. Biomarkers can also be used to evaluate the progression of therapies and surgery treatments. In recent years, molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) based sensors have been intensely investigated as promising analytical devices in several fields, including clinical analysis, offering desired portability, fast response, specificity, and low cost. The aim of this review is to provide readers with an overview on recent important achievements in MIP-based sensors coupled to various transducers (e.g., electrochemical, optical, and piezoelectric) for the determination of cancer biomarkers by selected publications from 2012 to 2016. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biosensors for Cancer Biomarkers)

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142 KiB

Open AccessErratum

Erratum: Al-Fandi, M.; et al. Novel Selective Detection Method of Tumor Angiogenesis Factors Using Living Nano-Robots. Sensors 2017, 17, 1580

by Mohamed Al-Fandi, Nida Alshraiedeh, Rami Oweis, Hala Alshdaifat, Omamah Al-Mahaseneh, Khadijah Al-Tall and Rawan Alawneh

Sensors 2017, 17(11), 2492; https://doi.org/10.3390/s17112492 - 30 Oct 2017

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2805

Abstract

The authors wish to correct the spelling of the third author’s name from Rami Owies to Rami Oweis in their paper published in Sensors [1], doi:10.3390/s17071580, https://www.mdpi.com/1424- 8220/17/7/1580.[...] Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biosensors for Cancer Biomarkers)

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