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Sensors
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Wireless Sensing and Energy-Efficient Communications for Internet of Things
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Wireless Sensing and Energy-Efficient Communications for Internet of Things

A special issue of Sensors (ISSN 1424-8220). This special issue belongs to the section "Internet of Things".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 April 2024 | Viewed by 3752

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Carmen Delgado

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
i2CAT Foundation, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
Interests: IoT; low-power wide-area networks; WSN; Artificial Intelligence of Things; AI
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Rafael Berkvens

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
IDLab—Faculty of Applied Engineering, University of Antwerp, Imec, Sint-Pietersvliet 7, 2000 Antwerp, Belgium
Interests: integrated communication and sensing; passive sensing; signals of opportunity; sustainability
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The Internet of Things (IoT) is transforming the way we interact with our devices at home, at work and throughout our cities. In addition to using IoT devices for sensing and communication, utilizing the existing built-in hardware for wireless sensing of the surrounding environment represents a new and emergent challenge. Furthermore, not only IoT devices but also mobile robots or drones can be used for sensing the environment thanks to RF signals. Different disruptive applications such as intrusion detection or daily activity recognition can be targeted while preserving privacy. Overall, the question of how to use the RF signals while accounting for energy efficiency is a key challenge pursued in this Special Issue.

This Special Issue solicits high-quality unpublished work on recent advanced wireless sensing and energy-efficient communications for application to the Internet of (Robotic) Things. It welcomes theoretical contributions, as well as applications from both academia and industry.

Topics of interest include, but are not limited to:

  • Wireless Sensing for Internet of Things
  • Wireless Sensing for Industrial IoT (Industry 4.0, healthcare, warehouses, public safety...)
  • Wireless Sensing for Internet of Robotic Things
  • Environment Sensing
  • Human motion Sensing
  • Internet of Senses
  • Applications and demonstrators of Wireless Sensing
  • Wireless signal propagation (e.g., reflection, diffraction, and scattering) for Sensing
  • Digital Twin using Wireless Sensing
  • Integrated Sensing and Communications (ISAC) Systems
  • Joint Sensing and Communications
  • Artificial Intelligence for Internet of Things
  • Wireless Energy Transfer for Internet of Things
  • Energy-efficient Wireless Sensor Networks
  • Energy-efficient Sensing Communications
  • Energy-aware Joint Sensing and Communications
  • Energy-aware Internet of (Robotic) Things

Dr. Carmen Delgado
Dr. Rafael Berkvens
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Sensors is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Published Papers (3 papers)

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16 pages, 5537 KiB  
Article
A 2.4 GHz Wide-Range CMOS Current-Mode Class-D PA with HD2 Suppression for Internet of Things Applications
by Nam-Seog Kim
Sensors 2024, 24(5), 1616; https://doi.org/10.3390/s24051616 - 01 Mar 2024
Viewed by 489
Abstract
Short-range Internet of Things (IoT) sensor nodes operating at 2.4 GHz must provide ubiquitous wireless sensor networks (WSNs) with energy-efficient, wide-range output power (POUT). They must also be fully integrated on a single chip for wireless body area networks (WBANs) and wireless personal [...] Read more.
Short-range Internet of Things (IoT) sensor nodes operating at 2.4 GHz must provide ubiquitous wireless sensor networks (WSNs) with energy-efficient, wide-range output power (POUT). They must also be fully integrated on a single chip for wireless body area networks (WBANs) and wireless personal area networks (WPANs) using low-power Bluetooth (BLE) and Zigbee standards. The proposed fully integrated transmitter (TX) utilizes a digitally controllable current-mode class-D (CMCD) power amplifier (PA) with a second harmonic distortion (HD2) suppression to reduce VCO pulling in an integrated system while meeting harmonic limit regulations. The CMCD PA is divided into 7-bit slices that can be reconfigured between differential and single-ended topologies. Duty cycle distortion compensation is performed for HD2 suppression, and an HD2 rejection filter and a modified C-L-C low-pass filter (LPF) reduce HD2 further. Implemented in a 28 nm CMOS process, the TX achieves a wide POUT range of from 12.1 to −31 dBm and provides a maximum efficiency of 39.8% while consuming 41.1 mW at 12.1 dBm POUT. The calibrated HD2 level is −82.2 dBc at 9.93 dBm POUT, resulting in a transmitter figure of merit (TX_FoM) of −97.52 dB. Higher-order harmonic levels remain below −41.2 dBm even at 12.1 dBm POUT, meeting regulatory requirements. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Wireless Sensing and Energy-Efficient Communications for Internet of Things)
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25 pages, 9823 KiB  
Article
An Energy-Efficient Multi-Level Sleep Strategy for Periodic Uplink Transmission in Industrial Private 5G Networks
by Taehwa Kim, Seungjin Lee, Hyungwoo Choi, Hong-Shik Park and Junkyun Choi
Sensors 2023, 23(22), 9070; https://doi.org/10.3390/s23229070 - 09 Nov 2023
Viewed by 868
Abstract
This paper proposes an energy-efficient multi-level sleep mode control for periodic transmission (MSC-PUT) in private fifth-generation (5G) networks. In general, private 5G networks meet IIoT requirements but face rising energy consumption due to dense base station (BS) deployment, particularly impacting operating expenses (OPEX). [...] Read more.
This paper proposes an energy-efficient multi-level sleep mode control for periodic transmission (MSC-PUT) in private fifth-generation (5G) networks. In general, private 5G networks meet IIoT requirements but face rising energy consumption due to dense base station (BS) deployment, particularly impacting operating expenses (OPEX). An approach of BS sleep mode has been studied to reduce energy consumption, but there has been insufficient consideration for the periodic uplink transmission of industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) devices. Additionally, 5G New Reno’s synchronization signal interval limits the effectiveness of the deepest sleep mode in reducing BS energy consumption. By addressing this issue, the aim of this paper is to propose an energy-efficient multi-level sleep mode control for periodic uplink transmission to improve the energy efficiency of BSs. In advance, we develop an energy-efficient model that considers the trade-off between throughput impairment caused by increased latency and energy saving by sleep mode operation for IIoT’s periodic uplink transmission. Then, we propose an approach based on proximal policy optimization (PPO) to determine the deep sleep mode of BSs, considering throughput impairment and energy efficiency. Our simulation results verify the proposed MSC-PUT algorithm’s effectiveness in terms of throughput, energy saving, and energy efficiency. Specifically, we verify that our proposed MSC-PUT enhances energy efficiency by nearly 27.5% when compared to conventional multi-level sleep operation and consumes less energy at 75.21% of the energy consumed by the conventional method while incurring a throughput impairment of nearly 4.2%. Numerical results show that the proposed algorithm can significantly reduce the energy consumption of BSs accounting for periodic uplink transmission of IIoT devices. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Wireless Sensing and Energy-Efficient Communications for Internet of Things)
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20 pages, 1990 KiB  
Article
Energy-Efficient IoT-Based Light Control System in Smart Indoor Agriculture
by Oussama Hadj Abdelkader, Hadjer Bouzebiba, Danilo Pena and António Pedro Aguiar
Sensors 2023, 23(18), 7670; https://doi.org/10.3390/s23187670 - 05 Sep 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1873
Abstract
Indoor agriculture is emerging as a promising approach for increasing the efficiency and sustainability of agri-food production processes. It is currently evolving from a small-scale horticultural practice to a large-scale industry as a response to the increasing demand. This led to the appearance [...] Read more.
Indoor agriculture is emerging as a promising approach for increasing the efficiency and sustainability of agri-food production processes. It is currently evolving from a small-scale horticultural practice to a large-scale industry as a response to the increasing demand. This led to the appearance of plant factories where agri-food production is automated and continuous and the plant environment is fully controlled. While plant factories improve the productivity and sustainability of the process, they suffer from high energy consumption and the difficulty of providing the ideal environment for plants. As a small step to address these limitations, in this article we propose to use internet of things (IoT) technologies and automatic control algorithms to construct an energy-efficient remote control architecture for grow lights monitoring in indoor farming. The proposed architecture consists of using a master–slave device configuration in which the slave devices are used to control the local light conditions in growth chambers while the master device is used to monitor the plant factory through wireless communication with the slave devices. The devices all together make a 6LoWPAN network in which the RPL protocol is used to manage data transfer. This allows for the precise and centralized control of the growth conditions and the real-time monitoring of plants. The proposed control architecture can be associated with a decision support system to improve yields and quality at low costs. The developed method is evaluated in emulation software (Contiki-NG v4.7),its scalability to the case of large-scale production facilities is tested, and the obtained results are presented and discussed. The proposed approach is promising in dealing with control, cost, and scalability issues and can contribute to making smart indoor agriculture more effective and sustainable. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Wireless Sensing and Energy-Efficient Communications for Internet of Things)
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