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Special Issue "Analysis of Strain, Stress and Texture with Quantum Beams, 2nd Edition"

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A special issue of Quantum Beam Science (ISSN 2412-382X). This special issue belongs to the section "Engineering and Structural Materials".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 28 November 2023 | Viewed by 5078

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Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Kenji Suzuki

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Guest Editor

Faculty of Education, Niigata University, Niigata City, Japan
Interests: residual stress; coarse grains; welding; hard synchrotron X-ray; neutrons

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

In recent years, the development of material behavior simulation has been remarkable. When we look at realistic deformations and stress maps based on simulation analysis results, we feel that we have understood the behavior of a material. From the viewpoint of stress analysis, when the simulation and the actual stress coincide, the material evaluation is correct. Therefore, the progress of experimental stress analysis and evaluation is very important, but has been faced with many challenges.

Synchrotron radiation and neutrons as quantum beams are excellent means of experimental stress analysis, and the research and industrial application of this technology are important. By utilizing quantum beams, it is now possible to know the stresses and strains of coarse grains and welded metals, which were previously difficult to measure. Following on from the previous Special Issue, "Analysis of Strain, Stress and Texture with Quantum Beams", I hope that new research on material evaluation using quantum beams will be contributed to this Special Issue.

If you are interested in contribution, please feel free to contact the Editorial Office at sunny.sun@mdpi.com or qubs@mdpi.com.

Prof. Dr. Kenji Suzuki
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Quantum Beam Science is an international peer-reviewed open access quarterly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 1600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

residual stress and strain
texture
diffraction methods with synchrotron X-ray and neutron beam
stresses in manufacturing processes
internal stresses and microstructures
residual stresses in advanced materials
imaging and XCT
line profile analysis
modeling

Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

Open AccessFeature PaperArticle

Scanning Three-Dimensional X-ray Diffraction Microscopy for Carbon Steels

Yujiro Hayashi

and

Hidehiko Kimura

Quantum Beam Sci. 2023, 7(3), 23; https://doi.org/10.3390/qubs7030023 - 14 Jul 2023

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 483

Abstract

Plastically deformed low-carbon steel has been analyzed by nondestructive three-dimensional orientation and strain mapping using scanning three-dimensional X-ray diffraction microscopy (S3DXRD). However, the application of S3DXRD is limited to single-phase alloys. In this study, we propose a modified S3DXRD analysis for dual-phase alloys, such as ferrite–pearlite carbon steel, which is composed of grains detectable as diffraction spots and a phase undetectable as diffraction spots. We performed validation experiments for ferrite–pearlite carbon steel with different pearlite fractions, in which the ferrite grains and the pearlite corresponded to the detectable grains and an undetectable phase, respectively. The regions of pearlite appeared more remarkably in orientation maps of the ferrite grains obtained from the carbon steel samples than that of the single-phase low-carbon steel and increased with the increase in the carbon concentration. The fractions of the detectable grains and the undetectable phase were determined with an uncertainty of 15%–20%. These results indicate that the proposed modified analysis is qualitatively valid for dual-phase alloys comprising detectable grains and an undetectable phase. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Analysis of Strain, Stress and Texture with Quantum Beams, 2nd Edition)

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Open AccessFeature PaperArticle

Scanning Three-Dimensional X-ray Diffraction Microscopy with a Spiral Slit

and

Quantum Beam Sci. 2023, 7(2), 16; https://doi.org/10.3390/qubs7020016 - 29 May 2023

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 716

Abstract

Recently, nondestructive evaluation of the stresses localized in grains was achieved for plastically deformed low-carbon steel using scanning three-dimensional X-ray diffraction (S3DXRD) microscopy with a conical slit. However, applicable metals and alloys were restricted to a single phase and evaluated stress was underestimated due to the fixed Bragg angles of the conical slit optimized to αFe. We herein propose S3DXRD with a rotating spiral slit adaptable to various metals and alloys and accurate stress evaluation with sweeping Bragg angles. Validation experiments with a 50-keV X-ray microbeam were conducted for low-carbon steel as a body-centered cubic (BCC) phase and pure Cu as a face-centered cubic (FCC) phase. As a result of orientation mapping, polygonal grain shapes and clear grain boundaries were observed for both BCC and FCC metals. Thus, it was demonstrated that S3DXRD with a rotating spiral slit will be applicable to various metals and alloys, multiphase alloys, and accurate stress evaluation using a X-ray microbeam with a higher photon energy within an energy range determined by X-ray focusing optics. In principle, this implies that S3DXRD becomes applicable to larger and thicker metal and alloy samples instead of current miniature test or wire-shaped samples if a higher-energy X-ray microbeam is available. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Analysis of Strain, Stress and Texture with Quantum Beams, 2nd Edition)

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Open AccessArticle

Accuracy of Measuring Rebar Strain in Concrete Using a Diffractometer for Residual Stress Analysis

and

Quantum Beam Sci. 2023, 7(2), 15; https://doi.org/10.3390/qubs7020015 - 10 May 2023

Viewed by 1046

Abstract

Neutron diffraction is a noncontact method that can measure the rebar strain inside concrete. In this method, rebar strain and stress are calculated using the diffraction profile of neutrons irradiated during a specific time period. In general, measurement accuracy improves with the length of the measurement time. However, in previous studies, the measurement time was determined empirically, which makes the accuracy and reliability of the measurement results unclear. In this study, the relationship between the measurement time and the measurement standard deviation was examined for reinforced concrete specimens under different conditions. The aim was to clarify the accuracy of the measurement of rebar stress using the neutron diffraction method. It was found that if the optical setup of the neutron diffractometer and the conditions of the specimen are the same, there is a unique relationship between the diffraction intensity and the rebar stress standard deviation. Furthermore, using this unique relationship, this paper proposes a method for determining the measurement time from the allowable accuracy of the rebar stress, which ensures the accuracy of the neutron diffraction method. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Analysis of Strain, Stress and Texture with Quantum Beams, 2nd Edition)

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Open AccessArticle

Relationship between Internal Stress Distribution and Microstructure in a Suspension-Sprayed Thermal Barrier Coating with a Columnar Structure

and

Quantum Beam Sci. 2023, 7(2), 14; https://doi.org/10.3390/qubs7020014 - 03 May 2023

Viewed by 956

Abstract

The suspension plasma spray (SPS) method is expected to become a novel coating method because it can achieve various microstructures using a suspension with submicron spray particles. Thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) with a columnar structure, which might achieve high strain tolerance, can be obtained using the SPS technique. This study evaluated the internal stress distribution of the suspension-plasma-sprayed thermal barrier coating (SPS-TBC) with different columnar structures using hybrid measurement using high-energy synchrotron X-ray diffraction analysis and laboratory low-energy X-rays. The relationship between the microstructure and the internal stress distribution of the SPS-TBC was discussed on the basis of the experimental results. In addition, the in-plane internal stress was decreased by decreasing the column diameter. The thin columnar microstructure of the SPS-TBC has superior strain tolerance. The internal stresses in the SPS-TBC are periodic decrements caused by stress relaxation in porous layers in its column. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Analysis of Strain, Stress and Texture with Quantum Beams, 2nd Edition)

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Open AccessArticle

Neutron Stress Measurement of W/Ti Composite in Cryogenic Temperatures Using Time-of-Flight Method

and

Quantum Beam Sci. 2023, 7(1), 8; https://doi.org/10.3390/qubs7010008 - 07 Mar 2023

Viewed by 1010

Abstract

In this study, the thermal stress alterations generated in a tungsten fiber reinforced titanium composite (W/Ti composite) were evaluated by the neutron stress measurement method at cryogenic temperatures. The W/Ti composite thermal loads were repeated from room temperature to the cryogenic temperature (10 K), and alterations in thermal residual stress were evaluated using the neutron in situ stress measurement method. In this measurement, the stress alterations in the titanium matrix and the tungsten fibers were measured. This measurement was carried out by TAKUMI (MLF-BL19) of J-PARC, a neutron research facility in the Japan Atomic Agency. The measurement method of TAKUMI is the time-of-flight (TOF) method. Owing to this measurement method, the measurement time was significantly shortened compared to the angle-dispersion type measurement by a diffractometer. As a result of the measurement, large compressive stresses of about 1 GPa were generated in the tungsten fibers, and tensile stresses of about 100 MPa existed in the titanium matrix. The thermal stresses due to the temperature change between room temperature and cryogenic temperature is caused by the difference of thermal expansions between the tungsten fibers and the titanium matrix, and these stress values can be approximated by a simple elastic theory equation. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Analysis of Strain, Stress and Texture with Quantum Beams, 2nd Edition)

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Special Issue "Analysis of Strain, Stress and Texture with Quantum Beams, 2nd Edition"

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