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Processes
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Catalysis in Membrane Reactors
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Catalysis in Membrane Reactors

A special issue of Processes (ISSN 2227-9717). This special issue belongs to the section "Catalysis Enhanced Processes".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 July 2020) | Viewed by 22789

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Fausto Gallucci

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Inorganic Membranes and Membrane Reactors, Sustainable Process Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5612 AZ Eindhoven, The Netherlands
Interests: process design and intensification; membranes and membrane reactors; separation
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Jose A. Medrano Jimenez

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Inorganic Membranes and Membrane Reactors Research Group, Eindhoven University of Technology, Room 1.47, Helix-west, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
Interests: membrane reactors; membrane systems; process evaluation; process design; plasma technology; fluidization technology
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Arash Helmi

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Inorganic Membranes and Membrane Reactors Research Group, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, Room 1.49, Helix-west, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
Interests: separation technologies; membrane based separation; process synthesis; artificial intelligence

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This Special Issue on “Catalysis in Membrane Reactors” is being coordinated with the 14th International Conference on Catalysis in Membrane Reactors (ICCMR-14) which is being held from 8–11 July, 2019 in Eindhoven, The Netherlands. The aim of the ICCMR conference is to promote the research and progress in the area of catalytic membrane systems by bringing together academic scientists and industry working in the membrane, catalysis and process engineering fields.

 This Special Issue collects works related to membrane reactors and processes related to membranes and membrane reactors. It will also include selected papers from ICCMR-14 conference. This Special Issue focuses on, but is not limited to, papers that align with the “Membrane Reactors” subject of this conference:

  1. Basics
    1. Catalytic membrane reactors (one-phase and multiphase systems)
    2. Catalytic membrane reactors (with catalytic membranes) vs. inert membrane reactors (with inert membranes)
    3. Catalyst and membrane design for process intensification
    4. Modelling and simulation for process optimization
  2. Applications
    1. Large-scale membrane reactors and membrane techniques integrated with industrial processes
    2. Photocatalytic membrane reactors and membrane reactors utilizing other advanced oxidation processes
    3. Electrochemical devices and transport applications of membrane reactors (fuel cells, electrolysers, electrochemical synthesis, etc.)
    4. Membrane bioreactors in wastewater treatment and biotechnology (cells and enzymes)
    5. Other membrane reactor applications (e.g. Artificial organs and tissue engineering, etc.).

Prof. Dr. Fausto Gallucci
Dr. Jose A. Medrano Jimenez
Dr. Arash Helmi
Guest editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Processes is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • membrane
  • reactor
  • catalysts
  • catalysis
  • modelling
  • simulation
  • process intensification

Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

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25 pages, 2371 KiB  
Article
Oxidative Coupling of Methane in Membrane Reactors; A Techno-Economic Assessment
by Aitor Cruellas, Jelle Heezius, Vincenzo Spallina, Martin van Sint Annaland, José Antonio Medrano and Fausto Gallucci
Processes 2020, 8(3), 274; https://doi.org/10.3390/pr8030274 - 27 Feb 2020
Cited by 15 | Viewed by 6422
Abstract
Oxidative coupling of methane (OCM) is a process to directly convert methane into ethylene. However, its ethylene yield is limited in conventional reactors by the nature of the reaction system. In this work, the integration of different membranes to increase the overall performance [...] Read more.
Oxidative coupling of methane (OCM) is a process to directly convert methane into ethylene. However, its ethylene yield is limited in conventional reactors by the nature of the reaction system. In this work, the integration of different membranes to increase the overall performance of the large-scale oxidative coupling of methane process has been investigated from a techno-economic point of view. A 1D membrane reactor model has been developed, and the results show that the OCM reactor yield is significantly improved when integrating either porous or dense membranes in packed bed reactors. These higher yields have a positive impact on the economics and performance of the downstream separation, resulting in a cost of ethylene production of 595–625 €/tonC2H4 depending on the type of membranes employed, 25–30% lower than the benchmark technology based on oil as feedstock (naphtha steam cracking). Despite the use of a cryogenic separation unit, the porous membranes configuration shows generally better results than dense ones because of the much larger membrane area required in the dense membranes case. In addition, the CO2 emissions of the OCM studied processes are also much lower than the benchmark technology (total CO2 emissions are reduced by 96% in the dense membranes case and by 88% in the porous membranes case, with respect to naphtha steam cracking), where the high direct CO2 emissions have a major impact on the process. However, the scalability and the issues associated with it seem to be the main constraints to the industrial application of the process, since experimental studies of these membrane reactor technologies have been carried out just on a very small scale. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Catalysis in Membrane Reactors)
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16 pages, 1825 KiB  
Article
Ultra-Pure Hydrogen via Co-Valorization of Olive Mill Wastewater and Bioethanol in Pd-Membrane Reactors
by David Alique, Giacomo Bruni, Raúl Sanz, José Antonio Calles and Silvano Tosti
Processes 2020, 8(2), 219; https://doi.org/10.3390/pr8020219 - 13 Feb 2020
Cited by 13 | Viewed by 2830
Abstract
Olive mill wastewater (OMW) presents high environmental impact due to the fact of its elevated organic load and toxicity, especially in Mediterranean countries. Its valorization for simultaneous pollutants degradation and green energy production is receiving great attention, mainly via steam reforming for hydrogen [...] Read more.
Olive mill wastewater (OMW) presents high environmental impact due to the fact of its elevated organic load and toxicity, especially in Mediterranean countries. Its valorization for simultaneous pollutants degradation and green energy production is receiving great attention, mainly via steam reforming for hydrogen generation. Following previous works, the present research goes into detail about OMW valorization, particularly investigating for the first time the potential benefits of OMW–bioethanol mixtures co-reforming for ultra-pure hydrogen production in Pd-membrane reactors. In this manner, the typical large dilution of OMW and, hence, excess water can be used as a reactant for obtaining additional hydrogen from ethanol. Fresh OMW was previously conditioned by filtration and distillation processes, analyzing later the effect of pressure (1–5 bar), oxidizing conditions (N2 or air as carrier gas), gas hourly space velocity (150–1500 h−1), and alcohol concentration on the co-reforming process (5–10% v/v). In all cases, the exploitation of OMW as a source of environmentally friendly hydrogen was demonstrated, obtaining up to 30 NmL·min−1 of pure H2 at the most favorable experimental conditions. In the membrane reactor, higher pressures up to 5 bar promoted both total H2 production and pure H2 recovery due to the increase in the permeate flux despite the negative effect on reforming thermodynamics. The increase of ethanol concentration also provoked a positive effect, although not in a proportional relation. Thus, a greater effect was obtained for the increase from 5% to 7.5% v/v in comparison to the additional improvement up to 10% v/v. On the contrary, the use of oxidative conditions slightly decreased the hydrogen production rate, while the effect of gas hourly space velocity needs to be carefully analyzed due to the contrary effect on potential total H2 generation and pure H2 recovery. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Catalysis in Membrane Reactors)
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19 pages, 19972 KiB  
Article
Microstructure Control of Tubular Micro-Channelled Supports Fabricated by the Phase Inversion Casting Method
by Yuliang Liu, Arash Rahimalimamaghani, Martin van Sint Annaland and Fausto Gallucci
Processes 2019, 7(6), 322; https://doi.org/10.3390/pr7060322 - 31 May 2019
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 3870
Abstract
Thin-film membrane layers coated onto porous supports is widely considered as an efficient way to obtain high-performance oxygen transport membranes with both good permeability and high mechanical strength. However, conventional preparation methods of membrane supports usually result in highly tortuous channels with high [...] Read more.
Thin-film membrane layers coated onto porous supports is widely considered as an efficient way to obtain high-performance oxygen transport membranes with both good permeability and high mechanical strength. However, conventional preparation methods of membrane supports usually result in highly tortuous channels with high mass transfer resistance. Tubular porous MgO and MgO/CGO supports were fabricated with a simple phase inversion casting method. Long finger-like channels were obtained inside the dual-phase supports by adjusting the ceramic loading, polymer concentration and particle surface area, as well as by introducing ethanol inside the casting slurries. Slurries that exhibit lower viscosity in the zero-shear viscosity region resulted in more pronounced channel growth. These supports were used to produce thin supported CGO membranes for possible application in O2 separation. Similar shrinkage speeds for the different layers during the sintering process are crucial for obtaining dense asymmetric membranes. The shrinkage of the support tube at a high temperature was greatly affected by the polymer/ceramic ratio and compatible shrinkage behaviours of the two layers were realized with polymer/ceramic weight ratios between 0.175 and 0.225. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Catalysis in Membrane Reactors)
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23 pages, 11594 KiB  
Article
Long-Term Stability of Thin-Film Pd-Based Supported Membranes
by Niek de Nooijer, Alba Arratibel Plazaola, Jon Meléndez Rey, Ekain Fernandez, David Alfredo Pacheco Tanaka, Martin van Sint Annaland and Fausto Gallucci
Processes 2019, 7(2), 106; https://doi.org/10.3390/pr7020106 - 16 Feb 2019
Cited by 29 | Viewed by 4591
Abstract
Membrane reactors have demonstrated a large potential for the production of hydrogen via reforming of different feedstocks in comparison with other reactor types. However, the long-term performance and stability of the applied membranes are extremely important for the possible industrial exploitation of these [...] Read more.
Membrane reactors have demonstrated a large potential for the production of hydrogen via reforming of different feedstocks in comparison with other reactor types. However, the long-term performance and stability of the applied membranes are extremely important for the possible industrial exploitation of these reactors. This study investigates the long-term stability of thin-film Pd-Ag membranes supported on porous Al2O3 supports. The stability of five similarly prepared membranes have been investigated for 2650 h, up to 600 °C and in fluidized bed conditions. Results show the importance and the contribution of the sealing of the membranes at temperatures up to 500 °C. At higher temperatures the membranes surface deformation results in pinhole formation and a consequent decrease in selectivity. Stable operation of the membranes in a fluidized bed is observed up to 450 °C, however, at higher temperatures the scouring action of the particles under fluidization causes significant deformation of the palladium surface resulting in a decreased selectivity. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Catalysis in Membrane Reactors)
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Review

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39 pages, 6613 KiB  
Review
Latest Developments in Membrane (Bio)Reactors
by Arash Helmi and Fausto Gallucci
Processes 2020, 8(10), 1239; https://doi.org/10.3390/pr8101239 - 02 Oct 2020
Cited by 28 | Viewed by 4274
Abstract
The integration of membranes inside a catalytic reactor is an intensification strategy to combine separation and reaction steps in one single physical unit. In this case, a selective removal or addition of a reactant or product will occur, which can circumvent thermodynamic equilibrium [...] Read more.
The integration of membranes inside a catalytic reactor is an intensification strategy to combine separation and reaction steps in one single physical unit. In this case, a selective removal or addition of a reactant or product will occur, which can circumvent thermodynamic equilibrium and drive the system performance towards a higher product selectivity. In the case of an inorganic membrane reactor, a membrane separation is coupled with a reaction system (e.g., steam reforming, autothermal reforming, etc.), while in a membrane bioreactor a biological treatment is combined with a separation through the membranes. The objective of this article is to review the latest developments in membrane reactors in both inorganic and membrane bioreactors, followed by a report on new trends, applications, and future perspectives. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Catalysis in Membrane Reactors)
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