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Polymers
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Polylactic Acid (PLA)-Based Materials
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Polylactic Acid (PLA)-Based Materials

A special issue of Polymers (ISSN 2073-4360). This special issue belongs to the section "Biomacromolecules, Biobased and Biodegradable Polymers".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (28 February 2023) | Viewed by 8144

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Traian Zaharescu

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
National Institute for Electrical Engineering, INCDIE ICPE - CA, Bucharest, Romania
Interests: radiation processing of polymers; characterization of polymer durability; antioxidants; evaluation degradation of polymer composites; polymer hybrids; radiation effects on solid materials
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The PLA-based products are a useful class of materials with appropriate compatibility with people. Various guidelines direct their research and manufacture activities onto the pertinent products with healthy usage. Large accessibility of PLA compositions inspires the attempts in the identification of suitable applications in various areas: materials for medicine and biology, food security, automotive industry, agriculture, structuration of buildings, safety barriers of fluids, textile industry, commodities, some essential ranges of humankind. This Special Issue of Polymers intends to gather the assays on the identification, characterization, functionalization and assignment of several compositions that are structured on PLA formulations, especially biocompositions. This important class of polymer materials must be treated as the convenient structures that care for high living standards. The authors are asked to submit papers covering the following topics:

  • Synthesis and derivation by of PLA based structures
  • Characterization and improvement of the performances of material compositions for versatile applications as well as the failure of products
  • Preparation and qualification of polymer blends including hybrids
  • Lifespan assessment of structured PLA materials as stabilized compositions’
  • Damage effects of environmental stressors on the durability of biopolymer and their derivatives
  • Identification and extension of the peculiar applications in the medical healing
  • Biodegradation of PLA composites
  • Applications of biomaterials based on PLA and related biopolymers

Dr. Traian Zaharescu
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Polymers is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • PLA compounds
  • blends
  • hybrids
  • crosslinking
  • functionalization by grafting
  • compatibility and compatibilization of PLA based materials
  • physical properties
  • durability
  • biodegradability
  • ecological recycling of polymer wastes by means of PLA
  • medical products
  • packaging

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

25 pages, 19958 KiB  
Article
Molybdenum Disulphide Modified Polylactide for 3D Printed (FDM/FFF) Filaments
by Maciej Kujawa, Julia Głowacka, Wojciech Pawlak, Bogna Sztorch, Daria Pakuła, Miłosz Frydrych, Justyna Sokolska and Robert E. Przekop
Polymers 2023, 15(10), 2236; https://doi.org/10.3390/polym15102236 - 09 May 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1497
Abstract
MoS2 is an additive used to improve the tribological properties of plastics. In this work, it was decided to verify the use of MoS2 as a modifier of the properties of PLA filaments used in the additive FDM/FFF technique. For this [...] Read more.
MoS2 is an additive used to improve the tribological properties of plastics. In this work, it was decided to verify the use of MoS2 as a modifier of the properties of PLA filaments used in the additive FDM/FFF technique. For this purpose, MoS2 was introduced into the PLA matrix at concentrations of 0.025–1.0% by weight. Through extrusion, a fibre with a diameter of 1.75 mm was obtained. 3D printed samples with three different filling patterns were subjected to comprehensive thermal (TG, DSC and HDT), mechanical (impact, bending and strength tests), tribological and physicochemical characteristics. The mechanical properties were determined for two different types of fillings, and samples with the third type of filling were used for tribological tests. Tensile strength has been significantly increased for all samples with longitudinal filling with improvement up to 49%. In terms of tribological properties, higher values of the addition (0.5%) caused a significant increase of up to 457% of the wear indicator. A significant improvement in processing properties in terms of rheology was obtained (416% compared to pure PLA with the addition of 1.0%), which translated into more efficient processing, increased interlayer adhesion and mechanical strength. As a result, the quality of printed objects has been improved. Microscopic analysis was also carried out, which confirmed the good dispersion of the modifier in the polymer matrix (SEM-EDS). Microscopic techniques (MO, SEM) allowed for the characterization of the effect of the additive on changes in the printing process (improvement of interlayer remelting) and to assess impact fractures. In the tribological area, the introduced modification did not bring spectacular effects. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Polylactic Acid (PLA)-Based Materials)
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14 pages, 2933 KiB  
Article
Preparation of Polylactic Acid/Calcium Peroxide Composite Filaments for Fused Deposition Modelling
by Abdullah H. Mohammed, Nikolina Kovacev, Amr Elshaer, Ammar A. Melaibari, Javed Iqbal, Hany Hassanin, Khamis Essa and Adnan Memić
Polymers 2023, 15(9), 2229; https://doi.org/10.3390/polym15092229 - 08 May 2023
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1915
Abstract
Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM) 3D printers have gained significant popularity in the pharmaceutical and biomedical industries. In this study, a new biomaterial filament was developed by preparing a polylactic acid (PLA)/calcium peroxide (CPO) composite using wet solution mixing and extrusion. The content of [...] Read more.
Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM) 3D printers have gained significant popularity in the pharmaceutical and biomedical industries. In this study, a new biomaterial filament was developed by preparing a polylactic acid (PLA)/calcium peroxide (CPO) composite using wet solution mixing and extrusion. The content of CPO varied from 3% to 24% wt., and hot-melt extruder parameters were optimised to fabricate 3D printable composite filaments. The filaments were characterised using an X-ray diffraction analysis, surface morphology assessment, evaluation of filament extrudability, microstructural analysis, and examination of their rheological and mechanical properties. Our findings indicate that increasing the CPO content resulted in increased viscosity at 200 °C, while the PLA/CPO samples showed microstructural changes from crystalline to amorphous. The mechanical strength and ductility of the composite filaments decreased except for in the 6% CPO filament. Due to its acceptable surface morphology and strength, the PLA/CPO filament with 6% CPO was selected for printability testing. The 3D-printed sample of a bone scaffold exhibited good printing quality, demonstrating the potential of the PLA/CPO filament as an improved biocompatible filament for FDM 3D printing. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Polylactic Acid (PLA)-Based Materials)
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17 pages, 6603 KiB  
Article
Enhancement of 3D Printability by FDM and Electrical Conductivity of PLA/MWCNT Filaments Using Lignin as Bio-Dispersant
by Silvia Lage-Rivera, Ana Ares-Pernas, Juan Carlos Becerra Permuy, Anne Gosset and María-José Abad
Polymers 2023, 15(4), 999; https://doi.org/10.3390/polym15040999 - 17 Feb 2023
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 2174
Abstract
To increase the applications of FDM (fusion deposition modeling) 3D printing in electronics, it is necessary to develop new filaments with good electrical properties and suitable processability. In this work, polymer composites filament-shaped with superior electrical performance based on polylactic acid (PLA) carbon [...] Read more.
To increase the applications of FDM (fusion deposition modeling) 3D printing in electronics, it is necessary to develop new filaments with good electrical properties and suitable processability. In this work, polymer composites filament-shaped with superior electrical performance based on polylactic acid (PLA) carbon nanotubes and lignin blends have been studied by combining solution mixing and melt blending. The results showed that composites achieve electrical percolation from 5 wt.% of nanotubes, with high electrical conductivity. Moreover, the introduction of a plasticizing additive, lignin, improved the printability of the material while increasing its electrical conductivity (from (1.5 ± 0.9)·10−7 S·cm−1 to (1.4 ± 0.9)·10−1 S cm−1 with 5 wt.% carbon nanotubes and 1 wt.% lignin) maintaining the mechanical properties of composite without additive. To validate lignin performance, its effect on PLA/MWCNT was compare with polyethylene glycol. PEG is a well-known commercial additive, and its use as dispersant and plasticizer in PLA/MWCNT composites has been proven in bibliography. PLA/MWCNT composites display easier processability by 3D printing and more adhesion between the printed layers with lignin than with PEG. In addition, the polyethylene glycol produces a plasticizing effect in the PLA matrix reducing the composite stiffness. Finally, an interactive electronic prototype was 3D printed to assess the printability of the new conducting filaments with 5 wt.% of MWCNT. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Polylactic Acid (PLA)-Based Materials)
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22 pages, 7308 KiB  
Article
The Influence of Different Sustainable Silk-Based Fillers on the Thermal and Mechanical Properties of Polylactic Acid Composites
by José Miguel Ferri, Miguel Aldas, Emilio Rayon, Maria Dolores Samper and Antonio Abel Lozano-Pérez
Polymers 2022, 14(22), 5016; https://doi.org/10.3390/polym14225016 - 18 Nov 2022
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2043
Abstract
In this work, different silk fillers combined with maleinized corn oil (MCO), as environmentally friendly plasticizers, were used to modify the mechanical and thermal properties of polylactic acid (PLA) composites. Melt extrusion and injection were used to obtain samples with a content of [...] Read more.
In this work, different silk fillers combined with maleinized corn oil (MCO), as environmentally friendly plasticizers, were used to modify the mechanical and thermal properties of polylactic acid (PLA) composites. Melt extrusion and injection were used to obtain samples with a content of 10 wt.% of MCO and 0.5 phr of different silk fillers: crushed silk (CS), silk fibroin microparticles (SFM), and silk fibroin nanoparticles (SFN). PLA formulation with 10 wt.% of MCO and 0.5 g of CS per hundred grams of composite (phr) showed the highest increase in mechanical ductile properties with an increase in elongation at break of approximately 1400%, compared with PLA. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) showed a decrease of 2 °C in their glass transition temperature with the addition of different silk fillers. In addition, SFM and SFN increase the degree of crystallinity of PLA. This increment was also confirmed by infrared spectroscopy analysis. Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) images revealed a good dispersion of the different silk fillers. Among them, PLA formulation with 10 wt.% MCO and 0.5 phr of SFN, showed an optimal balance between maximum resistance and elongation at break, with 52.0 MPa and 10.8%, respectively, improving elongation at break by 635%. Furthermore, all samples were satisfactorily disintegrated under composting conditions. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Polylactic Acid (PLA)-Based Materials)
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