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Polymers
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Advanced Analytical Methods for Applied Polymeric Science
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Advanced Analytical Methods for Applied Polymeric Science

A special issue of Polymers (ISSN 2073-4360). This special issue belongs to the section "Polymer Analysis and Characterization".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 15 June 2024 | Viewed by 3645

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Daniel A. Gonçalves

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Guest Editor
Faculdade de Ciências Exatas e Tecnologia, Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados, Rodovia Dourados-Itahum, km 12, Dourados CEP 79804-970, MS, Brazil
Interests: analytical chemistry; spectrometry; chromatography; electroanalysis; calibration methods in analytical chemistry; multifunctional materials for determination of elements in low concentrations with application of atomic and electrochemical spectrometry
Prof. Dr. Cícero Cena

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
SISFOTON-UFMS—Laboratório de Óptica e Fotônica, UFMS—Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande 79070-900, MS, Brazil
Interests: LIBS; spectroscopy; machine learning; photodiagnosis
Prof. Dr. Xavier Colom

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Chemical Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya Barcelona Tech, 08222 Terrassa, Barcelona, Spain
Interests: rubber waste; ground tire rubber; biogenic composites; FTIR analysis; TGA analysis; microwave devulcanization
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Polymer materials have a wide range of applications in analytical chemistry, mainly for the investigation of possible contaminants present in low concentrations in food, environmental, biological, and pharmaceutical samples, as well as contributions to forensic science. Here, we will present original contributions with a focus on microfluidic devices, molecularly imprinted polymers, and 3D-printed devices, as well as analytical methods for highly sensitive detection of emerging contaminants, elemental impurities, conjugate polymers, or microplastics analysis.

Dr. Daniel A. Gonçalves
Prof. Dr. Cícero Cena
Prof. Dr. Xavier Colom
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Polymers is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • multivariate analysis
  • biomedical analysis
  • lab-one-a-chip
  • analytical techniques
  • chromatographic methods
  • mass spectrometry
  • spectroscopic methods
  • thermal analysis
  • microscopy methods
  • X-ray diffraction
  • electrical and mechanical properties

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

16 pages, 6243 KiB  
Article
Quantitative Understanding of Ionic Channel Network Variation in Nafion with Hydration Using Current Sensing Atomic Force Microscopy
by Osung Kwon, Jihoon Lee, Hyungju Son and Jaehyoung Park
Polymers 2024, 16(5), 604; https://doi.org/10.3390/polym16050604 - 22 Feb 2024
Viewed by 558
Abstract
Proton exchange membranes are an essential component of proton-exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFC). Their performance is directly related to the development of ionic channel networks through hydration. Current sensing atomic force microscopy (CSAFM) can map the local conductance and morphology of a sample [...] Read more.
Proton exchange membranes are an essential component of proton-exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFC). Their performance is directly related to the development of ionic channel networks through hydration. Current sensing atomic force microscopy (CSAFM) can map the local conductance and morphology of a sample surface with sub-nano resolution simultaneously by applying a bias voltage between the conducting tip and sample holder. In this study, the ionic channel network variation of Nafion by hydration has been quantitatively characterized based on the basic principles of electrodynamics and CSAFM. A nano-sized PEMFC has been created using a Pt-coated tip of CSAFM and one side Pt-coated Nafion, and studied under different relative humidity (RH) conditions. The results have been systematically analyzed. First, the morphology of PEMFC under each RH has been studied using line profile and surface roughness. Second, the CSAFM image has been analyzed statistically through the peak value and full-width half-maximum of the histograms. Third, the number of protons moving through the ionic channel network (NPMI) has been derived and used to understand ionic channel network variation by hydration. This study develops a quantitative method to comprehend variations in the ionic channel network by calculating the movement of protons into the ionic channel network based on CSAFM images. To verify the method, a comparison is made between the NPMI and the changes in proton conductivity under different RH conditions and it reveals a good agreement. This developed method can offer a quantitative approach for characterizing the morphological structure of PEM. Also, it can provide a quantitative tool for interpretating CSAFM images. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Analytical Methods for Applied Polymeric Science)
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18 pages, 1930 KiB  
Article
Evaluation of Thermal Decomposition Kinetics of Poly (Lactic Acid)/Ethylene Elastomer (EE) Blends
by Giordano P. Bernardes, Matheus P. Andrade, Matheus Poletto, Nathália R. Luiz, Ruth M. C. Santana and Maria M. de C. Forte
Polymers 2023, 15(21), 4324; https://doi.org/10.3390/polym15214324 - 04 Nov 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 667
Abstract
The influences of ethylene-based elastomer (EE) and the compatibilizer agent ethylene-butyl acrylate-glycidyl methacrylate (EBAGMA) on the thermal degradation of PLA/EE blends were evaluated by the thermal degradation kinetics and thermodynamic parameters using thermogravimetry. The presence of EE and EBAGMA synergistically improved the PLA [...] Read more.
The influences of ethylene-based elastomer (EE) and the compatibilizer agent ethylene-butyl acrylate-glycidyl methacrylate (EBAGMA) on the thermal degradation of PLA/EE blends were evaluated by the thermal degradation kinetics and thermodynamic parameters using thermogravimetry. The presence of EE and EBAGMA synergistically improved the PLA thermal stability. The temperature of 10% of mass loss (T10%) of PLA was around 365 °C, while in the compatibilized PLA/EE blend, this property increased to 370 °C. The PLA average activation energy (Ea¯) reduced in the PLA/EE blend (from 96 kJ/mol to 78 kJ/mol), while the presence of EBAGMA in the PLA/EE blend increased the Ea¯ due to a better blend compatibilization. The solid-state thermal degradation of the PLA and PLA/EE blends was classified as a D-type degradation mechanism. In general, the addition of EE increased the thermodynamic parameters when compared to PLA and the compatibilized blend due to the increase in the collision rate between the components over the thermal decomposition. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Analytical Methods for Applied Polymeric Science)
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12 pages, 4760 KiB  
Article
Effective Detergency Determination for Single Polymeric Fibers Using Confocal Microscopy
by Qian Hu, Jindan Wu, Zhiqiang Qin, Xuanxiang Wei, Chenchen Jiang, Minghua Wu, Deyou Yu and Jiping Wang
Polymers 2023, 15(15), 3314; https://doi.org/10.3390/polym15153314 - 05 Aug 2023
Viewed by 858
Abstract
Detergency determination for single polymeric fibers is of significant importance to screening effective detergents for laundry, but remains challenging. Herein, we demonstrate a novel and effective method to quantify the detergency for single polymeric fibers using a confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM). It [...] Read more.
Detergency determination for single polymeric fibers is of significant importance to screening effective detergents for laundry, but remains challenging. Herein, we demonstrate a novel and effective method to quantify the detergency for single polymeric fibers using a confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM). It was applied to visualize the oil-removing process of single polymeric fibers and thus assess the detergency of various detergents. Four typical surfactants were selected for comparison, and a compounded detergent containing multiple components (e.g., anionic and nonionic surfactants, enzymes) was demonstrated to be the most effective and powerful soil-removing detergent because more than 50% of oil on the cotton fiber could be easily removed. Moreover, the oil removal process of three kinds of fibers (i.e., cotton, viscose, and polyester) was imaged and monitored by confocal microscopy. It was found that the percentage of the detergency of a single polyester fiber exceeded 70%, which is much higher than that of cotton and viscose fibers (~50%), which may be due to its relatively smooth surface. Compared to traditional methods, the CLSM imaging method is more feasible and effective to determine the detergency of detergents for single polymeric fibers. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Analytical Methods for Applied Polymeric Science)
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16 pages, 8014 KiB  
Article
PVDF/Clay Spheres Obtained through Phase Inversion for Cu Ion Removal
by Gabriel C. Dias, Mayk F. Cardoso, Alex O. Sanches, Mirian C. Santos and Luiz F. Malmonge
Polymers 2023, 15(12), 2643; https://doi.org/10.3390/polym15122643 - 10 Jun 2023
Viewed by 1054
Abstract
In this study, spheres of poly (vinylidene fluoride)/clay were synthesized using an easy dripping method (also known as phase inversion). The spheres were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and thermal analysis. Finally, application tests were carried out using commercial cachaça, a [...] Read more.
In this study, spheres of poly (vinylidene fluoride)/clay were synthesized using an easy dripping method (also known as phase inversion). The spheres were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and thermal analysis. Finally, application tests were carried out using commercial cachaça, a popular alcoholic beverage in Brazil. The SEM images revealed that during the solvent exchange process for sphere formation, PVDF tends to form a three-layered structure with a low-porosity intermediate layer. However, the inclusion of clay was observed to reduce this layer and also widen the pores in the surface layer. The results of the batch adsorption tests showed that the composite with 30% clay content in relation to the mass of PVDF was the most effective among those tested, with the removal of 32.4% and 46.8% of the total copper present in the aqueous and ethanolic media, respectively. The adsorption of copper from cachaça in columns containing cut spheres resulted in adsorption indexes above 50% for samples with different copper concentrations. Such removal indices fit the samples within the current Brazilian legislation. Adsorption isotherm tests indicate that the data fit better to the BET model. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Analytical Methods for Applied Polymeric Science)
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