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Biotic-Abiotic Stress on Young Seedlings
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Biotic-Abiotic Stress on Young Seedlings

A special issue of Plants (ISSN 2223-7747). This special issue belongs to the section "Crop Physiology and Crop Production".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 December 2022) | Viewed by 10572

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Fermin Morales

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Investigador Científico, Instituto de Agrobiotecnología, CSIC-Gobierno de Navarra, Mutilva, Spain
Interests: agronomy; elevated CO2; elevated temperature; grapevine biology; photosynthesis; plant adaptation to climate change; plant nutrition; plant physiology; plant stress physiology; water stress.
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Michael Moustakas

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Botany, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
Interests: plant ecophysiology; biotic stress; abiotic stress; photosynthesis; antioxidative mechanisms; photoprotective mechanisms; mineral nutrition; ROS
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Following the global pandemic in 2020, Plants has followed the strategy of reducing the duration of some of the Special Issues for 2022. Generally, a Special Issue lasts at least 6 months. We are considering setting up a four-month-long Special Issue within the "Crop Physiology and Crop Production" section. Thus, this short-term Special Issue will focus on one topic with a relatively short experimental period. Most science experiments are time-consuming and many last months or even more than one year, or several years. We propose the new Special Issue that will last four months to deal with “Biotic-abiotic stress on young seedlings”. Experiments on seedlings, by definition, are obviously short in time and effects of stress on them could be more intense when they occur in the adult stage. This Special Issue covers reports on young seedling facing biotic and/or abiotic stress, both acting individually or in combination. Papers will deal with all aspects of plant physiology and development, from growth, water relations, nutrition, photosynthesis, and related plant physiological processes to changes in metabolism using omics techniques (ionomic, metabolomic, transcriptomic, proteomic, genomic, etc.). Any paper dealing with the effects of biotic/abiotic stress on young seedlings will be considered.

Dr. Fermin Morales
Prof. Dr. Michael Moustakas
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Plants is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • young seedlings
  • abiotic stress
  • biotic stress
  • plant stress physiology
  • plant metabolism
  • plant structure and function
  • oxidative stress

Published Papers (6 papers)

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Research

20 pages, 2598 KiB  
Article
Growth Enhancement and Resistance of Banana Plants to Fusarium Wilt Disease as Affected by Silicate Compounds and Application Frequency
by Md Aiman Takrim Zakaria, Siti Zaharah Sakimin, Mohd Razi Ismail, Khairulmazmi Ahmad and Susilawati Kasim
Plants 2024, 13(4), 542; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants13040542 - 16 Feb 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 835
Abstract
The amendment of soils with silicate (Si) compounds is essential to promote growth performance and control Fusarium wilt disease in bananas. Two successive greenhouse trials were conducted at the experimental farm of the University of Putra Malaysia. The treatments were arranged in split [...] Read more.
The amendment of soils with silicate (Si) compounds is essential to promote growth performance and control Fusarium wilt disease in bananas. Two successive greenhouse trials were conducted at the experimental farm of the University of Putra Malaysia. The treatments were arranged in split plots using a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with four replicates to investigate the effects of Si compounds and application frequency on controlling FOC. Si compounds were used at a constant concentration of 0.1%: T0 (control), T1 (13% SiO2:20% K2O), T2 (26.6% SiO2:13.4% K2O) and T3 (36.2% SiO2:17% Na2O). There were three application frequencies by day intervals (DI): 0DI (without any application), 7DI (12× within 12 weeks after transplanting (WAT)), 15DI (6× within 12 WAT) and 30DI (3× within 12 WAT). From these findings, we observed that the photosynthesis rate started to increase from 10.6 to 19.4 µmol CO2 m−2s−1, when the total chlorophyll content started to increase from 3.85 to 7.61 mgcm−2. The transpiration rate started to increase from a value of 1.94 to 4.31 mmol H2O m−2s−1, when the stomata conductance started to increase from 0.237 to 0.958 mmol m−2s−1. The proline content started to increase from 22.89 to 55.07 µmg−1, when the relative water content started to increase from 42.92 to 83.57%. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biotic-Abiotic Stress on Young Seedlings)
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15 pages, 1608 KiB  
Article
Mechanistic Insights on Salicylic Acid Mediated Enhancement of Photosystem II Function in Oregano Seedlings Subjected to Moderate Drought Stress
by Michael Moustakas, Ilektra Sperdouli, Julietta Moustaka, Begüm Şaş, Sumrunaz İşgören and Fermín Morales
Plants 2023, 12(3), 518; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants12030518 - 23 Jan 2023
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 1849
Abstract
Dramatic climate change has led to an increase in the intensity and frequency of drought episodes and, together with the high light conditions of the Mediterranean area, detrimentally influences crop production. Salicylic acid (SA) has been shown to supress phototoxicity, offering photosystem II [...] Read more.
Dramatic climate change has led to an increase in the intensity and frequency of drought episodes and, together with the high light conditions of the Mediterranean area, detrimentally influences crop production. Salicylic acid (SA) has been shown to supress phototoxicity, offering photosystem II (PSII) photoprotection. In the current study, we attempted to reveal the mechanism by which SA is improving PSII efficiency in oregano seedlings under moderate drought stress (MoDS). Foliar application of SA decreased chlorophyll content under normal growth conditions, but under MoDS increased chlorophyll content, compared to H2O-sprayed oregano seedlings. SA improved the PSII efficiency of oregano seedlings under normal growth conditions at high light (HL), and under MoDS, at both low light (LL) and HL. The mechanism by which, under normal growth conditions and HL, SA sprayed oregano seedlings compared to H2O-sprayed exhibited a more efficient PSII photochemistry, was the increased (17%) fraction of open PSII reaction centers (qp), and the increased (7%) efficiency of these open reaction centers (Fv′/Fm′), which resulted in an enhanced (24%) electron transport rate (ETR). SA application under MoDS, by modulating chlorophyll content, resulted in optimized antenna size and enhanced effective quantum yield of PSII photochemistry (ΦPSII) under both LL (7%) and HL (25%), compared to non-SA-sprayed oregano seedlings. This increased effective quantum yield of PSII photochemistry (ΦPSII) was due to the enhanced efficiency of the oxygen evolving complex (OEC), and the increased fraction of open PSII reaction centers (qp), which resulted in an increased electron transport rate (ETR) and a lower amount of singlet oxygen (1O2) production with less excess excitation energy (EXC). Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biotic-Abiotic Stress on Young Seedlings)
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11 pages, 1917 KiB  
Communication
The Physiological Responses of Wheat and Maize Seedlings Grown under Water Deficit Are Modulated by Pre-Application of Auxin-Type Plant Growth Regulators
by Dessislava Todorova, Zornitsa Katerova, Elena Shopova, Liliana Brankova, Iskren Sergiev, Jurga Jankauskienė and Sigita Jurkonienė
Plants 2022, 11(23), 3251; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants11233251 - 26 Nov 2022
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 1315
Abstract
The physiological responses of wheat and maize seedlings to exogenous auxin-type compounds 1-[2-chloroethoxycarbonyl-methyl]-4-naphthalenesulfonic acid calcium salt (TA-12) and 1-[2-dimethylaminoethoxicarbonylmethyl]naphthalene chlormethylate (TA-14) application prior to polyethyleneglycol-6000 (PEG) treatment were studied. PEG treatment inhibited seedlings growth and caused alterations in their antioxidant defence which was [...] Read more.
The physiological responses of wheat and maize seedlings to exogenous auxin-type compounds 1-[2-chloroethoxycarbonyl-methyl]-4-naphthalenesulfonic acid calcium salt (TA-12) and 1-[2-dimethylaminoethoxicarbonylmethyl]naphthalene chlormethylate (TA-14) application prior to polyethyleneglycol-6000 (PEG) treatment were studied. PEG treatment inhibited seedlings growth and caused alterations in their antioxidant defence which was crop-specific. PEG increased the non-enzymatic antioxidants along with inhibition of enzymatic antioxidant activity in wheat, while in maize the opposite effects were found. The TA-12 and TA-14 applied alone increased most of the growth parameters measured in both crops, as well as the catalase activity and protein content of wheat. The growth of PEG-treated wheat and maize plants was improved by foliar spray with TA-compounds (TAs). Application of TAs before PEG treatment maintained low-molecular weight thiol-containing compounds and protein contents, and catalase and peroxidase activities close to the control levels. This was better expressed in maize than in wheat seedlings. The results showed that the preliminary application of TA-12 and TA-14 can reduce the adverse effects of moderate water deficit by crop-specific adjustment of the antioxidant defence to counteract stress. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biotic-Abiotic Stress on Young Seedlings)
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13 pages, 3203 KiB  
Article
Water Deficit Timing Differentially Affects Physiological Responses of Grapevines Infected with Lasiodiplodia theobromae
by Lia-Tânia Dinis, Cláudia Jesus, Joana Amaral, Aurelio Gómez-Cadenas, Barbara Correia, Artur Alves and Glória Pinto
Plants 2022, 11(15), 1961; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants11151961 - 28 Jul 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1626
Abstract
Diseases and climate change are major factors limiting grape productivity and fruit marketability. Lasiodiplodia theobromae is a fungus of the family Botryosphaeriaceae that causes Botryosphaeria dieback of grapevine worldwide. Abiotic stress may change host vitality and impact susceptibility to the pathogen and/or change [...] Read more.
Diseases and climate change are major factors limiting grape productivity and fruit marketability. Lasiodiplodia theobromae is a fungus of the family Botryosphaeriaceae that causes Botryosphaeria dieback of grapevine worldwide. Abiotic stress may change host vitality and impact susceptibility to the pathogen and/or change the pathogen’s life cycle. However, the interaction between both stress drivers is poorly understood for woody plants. We addressed the hypothesis that distinct morpho-physiological and biochemical responses are induced in grapevine (Vitis vinifera)–L. theobromae interactions depending on when water deficits are imposed. Grapevines were submitted to water deficit either before or after fungus inoculation. Water deficit led to the reduction of the net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, and transpiration rate, and increased the abscisic acid concentration regardless of fungal inoculation. L. theobromae inoculation before water deficit reduced plant survival by 50% and resulted in the accumulation of jasmonic acid and reductions in malondialdehyde levels. Conversely, grapevines inoculated after water deficit showed an increase in proline and malondialdehyde content and all plants survived. Overall, grapevines responded differently to the primary stress encountered, with consequences in their physiological responses. This study reinforces the importance of exploring the complex water deficit timing × disease interaction and the underlying physiological responses involved in grapevine performance. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biotic-Abiotic Stress on Young Seedlings)
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14 pages, 2434 KiB  
Article
Variation in Glucosinolate Accumulation among Different Sprout and Seedling Stages of Broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica)
by Haiyan Lin, Jiayi Sun, Zhiwei Hu, Chenxi Cheng, Sue Lin, Huixi Zou and Xiufeng Yan
Plants 2022, 11(12), 1563; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants11121563 - 14 Jun 2022
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 1635
Abstract
Glucosinolates (GLs) are plant secondary metabolites that may act against different types of cancers. Broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica) is rich in GLs which makes it an excellent source of these nutraceuticals. The composition and concentration of GLs vary among broccoli [...] Read more.
Glucosinolates (GLs) are plant secondary metabolites that may act against different types of cancers. Broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica) is rich in GLs which makes it an excellent source of these nutraceuticals. The composition and concentration of GLs vary among broccoli cultivars and throughout the developmental stages of the plant. To obtain the GL profiles of broccoli, GL compositions and contents in four early developmental stages (seeds, 3-day sprouts, 11-day and 17-day seedlings) were determined for nine cultivars of broccoli in this study. A total of 12 GLs including 9 aliphatic GLs and 3 indole GLs were identified from the nine broccoli cultivars using LC-QTOF-MS. UPLC results showed that aliphatic GLs concentrations decreased with broccoli sprouts and seedling growth for most cultivars. Interestingly, indole GLs amounts increased after germination and reached the highest level in 3-day sprouts or 11-day seedlings, and they fell back to a low level in 17-day seedlings. The GL profiles of nine cultivars documented in this study will provide useful information for high quality germplasm selection for cultivation or genetic engineering, and further understanding of the GL metabolic pathways. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biotic-Abiotic Stress on Young Seedlings)
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10 pages, 29359 KiB  
Article
Waterlogged Conditions Influence the Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Potassium, and Sugar Distribution in Sago Palm (Metroxylon sagu Rottb.) at Seedling Stages
by Aidil Azhar, Koki Asano, Daisuke Sugiura, Mana Kano-Nakata and Hiroshi Ehara
Plants 2022, 11(5), 710; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants11050710 - 07 Mar 2022
Viewed by 2328
Abstract
Sago palm (Metroxylon sagu Rottb.) grows in well-drained mineral soil and in peatland with high groundwater levels until complete submersion. However, the published information on nutrient uptake and carbohydrate content in sago palms growing under waterlogging remains unreported. This experiment observed sago [...] Read more.
Sago palm (Metroxylon sagu Rottb.) grows in well-drained mineral soil and in peatland with high groundwater levels until complete submersion. However, the published information on nutrient uptake and carbohydrate content in sago palms growing under waterlogging remains unreported. This experiment observed sago palm growth performance under normal soil conditions (non-submerged conditions) as a control plot and extended waterlogged conditions. Several parameters were analyzed: Plant morphological growth traits, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and sugar concentration in the plant organ, including sucrose, glucose, starch, and non-structural carbohydrate. The analysis found that sago palm morphological growth traits were not significantly affected by extended waterlogging. However, waterlogging reduced carbohydrate levels in the upper part of the sago palm, especially the petiole, and increased sugar levels, especially glucose, in roots. Waterlogging also reduced N concentration in roots and leaflets and P in petioles. The K level was independent of waterlogging as the sago palm maintained a sufficient level in all of the plant organs. Long duration waterlogging may reduce the plant’s economic value as the starch level in the trunk decreases, although sago palm can grow while waterlogged. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biotic-Abiotic Stress on Young Seedlings)
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