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Physiological Basis and Genetic Regulation of Plant Photosynthesis: For Higher...
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Physiological Basis and Genetic Regulation of Plant Photosynthesis: For Higher Efficiency

A special issue of Plants (ISSN 2223-7747). This special issue belongs to the section "Plant Physiology and Metabolism".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 May 2023) | Viewed by 7096

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Xiaoming Xu

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
Interests: crop photosynthetic function regulation; foliar photosynthetic protectants under plant adversity conditions; high photosynthetic efficiency varieties of crops
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Haiyan Xiong

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
Interests: abiotic stress; drought; high light; high temperature; stress combination; photosynthesis; crop
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Photosynthesis is the most important reaction in plant physiology and is the main source of food and energy. Improving crop yield is closely related to photosynthetic efficiency, which may be realized at any of the levels of organization at which photosynthesis is normally measured (e.g., enzyme, protein complex, thylakoid, chloroplast, leaf, and canopy). Photosynthetic performance can be improved by either capturing more light energy or using each unit of absorbed light energy to more efficiently fix CO2 under some set of environmental conditions. In addition, quantitative and molecular genetics can also help to reveal natural genetic variation in photosynthetic traits and establish the identity and function of the genes involved. This Special Issue of Plants will highlight the physiological basis for improving photosynthetic efficiency in plants, and genetic modification approaches to improve the photosynthetic performance of crops.

Dr. Xiaoming Xu
Dr. Haiyan Xiong
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Plants is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • light energy interception
  • chlorophyll fluorescence
  • electron transport
  • CO2 assimilation
  • higher photosynthetic efficiency
  • genetic regulation of photosynthetic traits

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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11 pages, 7735 KiB  
Article
Effects of OsRCA Overexpression on Rubisco Activation State and Photosynthesis in Maize
by Yujiao Feng, Hao Wu, Huanhuan Liu, Yonghui He and Zhitong Yin
Plants 2023, 12(8), 1614; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants12081614 - 11 Apr 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1541
Abstract
Ribulose–1,5–bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco) is the rate–limiting enzyme for photosynthesis. Rubisco activase (RCA) can regulate the Rubisco activation state, influencing Rubisco activity and photosynthetic rate. We obtained transgenic maize plants that overproduced rice RCA (OsRCAOE) and evaluated photosynthesis in these plants [...] Read more.
Ribulose–1,5–bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco) is the rate–limiting enzyme for photosynthesis. Rubisco activase (RCA) can regulate the Rubisco activation state, influencing Rubisco activity and photosynthetic rate. We obtained transgenic maize plants that overproduced rice RCA (OsRCAOE) and evaluated photosynthesis in these plants by measuring gas exchange, energy conversion efficiencies in photosystem (PS) I and PSII, and Rubisco activity and activation state. The OsRCAOE lines showed significantly higher initial Rubisco activity and activation state, net photosynthetic rate, and PSII photochemical quantum yield than wild–type plants. These results suggest that OsRCA overexpression can promote maize photosynthesis by increasing the Rubisco activation state. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Physiological Basis and Genetic Regulation of Plant Photosynthesis: For Higher Efficiency)
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14 pages, 1966 KiB  
Article
Photosynthetic Gains in Super-Nodulating Mutants of Medicago truncatula under Elevated Atmospheric CO2 Conditions
by Rose Y. Zhang, Baxter Massey, Ulrike Mathesius and Victoria C. Clarke
Plants 2023, 12(3), 441; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants12030441 - 18 Jan 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1430
Abstract
Legumes are generally considered to be more responsive to elevated CO2 (eCO2) conditions due to the benefits provided by symbiotic nitrogen fixation. In response to high carbohydrate demand from nodules, legumes display autoregulation of nodulation (AON) to restrict nodules to [...] Read more.
Legumes are generally considered to be more responsive to elevated CO2 (eCO2) conditions due to the benefits provided by symbiotic nitrogen fixation. In response to high carbohydrate demand from nodules, legumes display autoregulation of nodulation (AON) to restrict nodules to the minimum number necessary to sustain nitrogen supply under current photosynthetic levels. AON mutants super-nodulate and typically grow smaller than wild-type plants under ambient CO2. Here, we show that AON super-nodulating mutants have substantially higher biomass under eCO2 conditions, which is sustained through increased photosynthetic investment. We examined photosynthetic and physiological traits across super-nodulating rdn1-1 (Root Determined Nodulation) and sunn4 (Super Numeric Nodules) and non-nodulating nfp1 (Nod Factor Perception) Medicago truncatula mutants. Under eCO2 conditions, super-nodulating plants exhibited increased rates of carboxylation (Vcmax) and electron transport (J) relative to wild-type and non-nodulating counterparts. The substantially higher rate of CO2 assimilation in eCO2-grown sunn4 super-nodulating plants was sustained through increased production of key photosynthetic enzymes, including Rieske FeS. We hypothesize that AON mutants are carbon-limited and can perform better at eCO2 through improved photosynthesis. Nodulating legumes, especially those with higher nitrogen fixation capability, are likely to out-perform non-nodulating plants under future CO2 conditions and will be important tools for understanding carbon and nitrogen partitioning under eCO2 conditions and future crop improvements. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Physiological Basis and Genetic Regulation of Plant Photosynthesis: For Higher Efficiency)
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Review

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15 pages, 3560 KiB  
Review
The Role of Light Quality in Regulating Early Seedling Development
by Yunmin Wei, Shuwei Wang and Dashi Yu
Plants 2023, 12(14), 2746; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants12142746 - 24 Jul 2023
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 3740
Abstract
It is well−established that plants are sessile and photoautotrophic organisms that rely on light throughout their entire life cycle. Light quality (spectral composition) is especially important as it provides energy for photosynthesis and influences signaling pathways that regulate plant development in the complex [...] Read more.
It is well−established that plants are sessile and photoautotrophic organisms that rely on light throughout their entire life cycle. Light quality (spectral composition) is especially important as it provides energy for photosynthesis and influences signaling pathways that regulate plant development in the complex process of photomorphogenesis. During previous years, significant progress has been made in light quality’s physiological and biochemical effects on crops. However, understanding how light quality modulates plant growth and development remains a complex challenge. In this review, we provide an overview of the role of light quality in regulating the early development of plants, encompassing processes such as seed germination, seedling de−etiolation, and seedling establishment. These insights can be harnessed to improve production planning and crop quality by producing high−quality seedlings in plant factories and improving the theoretical framework for modern agriculture. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Physiological Basis and Genetic Regulation of Plant Photosynthesis: For Higher Efficiency)
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