Research

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22 pages, 3629 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Antiphotoaging and Skin-Protective Activities of Ardisia silvestris Ethanol Extract in Human Keratinocytes

by Lei Huang, Long You, Nur Aziz, Seung Hui Yu, Jong Sub Lee, Eui Su Choung, Van Dung Luong, Mi-Jeong Jeon, Moonsuk Hur, Sarah Lee, Byoung-Hee Lee, Han Gyung Kim and Jae Youl Cho

Plants 2023, 12(5), 1167; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants12051167 - 03 Mar 2023

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2048

Abstract

Ardisia silvestris is a traditional medicinal herb used in Vietnam and several other countries. However, the skin-protective properties of A. silvestris ethanol extract (As-EE) have not been evaluated. Human keratinocytes form the outermost barrier of the skin and are the main target of [...] Read more.

Ardisia silvestris is a traditional medicinal herb used in Vietnam and several other countries. However, the skin-protective properties of A. silvestris ethanol extract (As-EE) have not been evaluated. Human keratinocytes form the outermost barrier of the skin and are the main target of ultraviolet (UV) radiation. UV exposure causes skin photoaging via the production of reactive oxygen species. Protection from photoaging is thus a key component of dermatological and cosmetic products. In this research, we found that As-EE can prevent UV-induced skin aging and cell death as well as enhance the barrier effect of the skin. First, the radical-scavenging ability of As-EE was checked using DPPH, ABTS, TPC, CUPRAC, and FRAP assays, and a 3-(4-5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2-5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay was used to examine cytotoxicity. Reporter gene assays were used to determine the doses that affect skin-barrier-related genes. A luciferase assay was used to identify possible transcription factors. The anti-photoaging mechanism of As-EE was investigated by determining correlated signaling pathways using immunoblotting analyses. As-EE had no harmful effects on HaCaT cells, according to our findings, and As-EE revealed moderate radical-scavenging ability. With high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis, rutin was found to be one of the major components. In addition, As-EE enhanced the expression levels of hyaluronic acid synthase-1 and occludin in HaCaT cells. Moreover, As-EE dose-dependently up-regulated the production of occludin and transglutaminase-1 after suppression caused by UVB blocking the activator protein-1 signaling pathway, in particular, the extracellular response kinase and c-Jun N-terminal kinase. Our findings suggest that As-EE may have anti-photoaging effects by regulating mitogen-activated protein kinase, which is good news for the cosmetics and dermatology sectors. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Plant Derivatives and Their Pharmaceutical Potential)

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11 pages, 2216 KiB

Open AccessCommunication

Cytotoxicity of Extracts from Petiveria alliacea Leaves on Yeast

by Bruna B. F. Cal, Luana B. N. Araújo, Brenno M. Nunes, Claudia R. da Silva, Marcia B. N. Oliveira, Bianka O. Soares, Alvaro A. C. Leitão, Marcelo de Pádula, Debora Nascimento, Douglas S. A. Chaves, Rachel F. Gagliardi and Flavio J. S. Dantas

Plants 2022, 11(23), 3263; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants11233263 - 27 Nov 2022

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1716

Abstract

Petiveria alliacea L. is a plant used in traditional medicine harboring pharmacological properties with anti-inflammatory, antinociceptive, hypoglycemiant and anesthetic activities. This study assessed the potential cytotoxic, genotoxic and mutagenic effects of ethanolic extract of P. alliacea on Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains. S. cerevisiae FF18733 [...] Read more.

Petiveria alliacea L. is a plant used in traditional medicine harboring pharmacological properties with anti-inflammatory, antinociceptive, hypoglycemiant and anesthetic activities. This study assessed the potential cytotoxic, genotoxic and mutagenic effects of ethanolic extract of P. alliacea on Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains. S. cerevisiae FF18733 (wild type) and CD138 (ogg1) strains were exposed to fractioned ethanolic extracts of P. alliacea in different concentrations. Three experimental assays were performed: cellular inactivation, mutagenesis (canavanine resistance system) and loss of mitochondrial function (petites colonies). The chemical analyses revealed a rich extract with phenolic compounds such as protocatechuic acid, cinnamic and catechin epicatechin. A decreased cell viability in wild-type and ogg1 strains was demonstrated. All fractions of the extract exerted a mutagenic effect on the ogg1 strain. Only ethyl acetate and n-butanol fractions increased the rate of petites colonies in the ogg1 strain, but not in the wild-type strain. The results indicate that fractions of mid-polarity of the ethanolic extract, at the studied concentrations, can induce mutagenicity mediated by oxidative lesions in the mitochondrial and genomic genomes of the ogg1-deficient S. cerevisiae strain. These findings indicate that the lesions caused by the fractions of P. alliacea ethanolic extract can be mediated by reactive oxygen species and can reach multiple molecular targets to exert their toxicity. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Plant Derivatives and Their Pharmaceutical Potential)

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14 pages, 2879 KiB

Open AccessArticle

GC-MS Profiling, Anti-Helicobacter pylori, and Anti-Inflammatory Activities of Three Apiaceous Fruits’ Essential Oils

by Hatun A. Alomar, Noha Fathallah, Marwa M. Abdel-Aziz, Taghreed A. Ibrahim and Wafaa M. Elkady

Plants 2022, 11(19), 2617; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants11192617 - 05 Oct 2022

Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2092

Abstract

Eradication of Helicobacter pylori is a challenge due to rising antibiotic resistance and GIT-related disorders. Cuminum cyminum, Pimpinella anisum, and Carum carvi are fruits belonging to the Apiaceae family. Their essential oils were extracted, analyzed using GC-MS, tested for anti-H. pylori [...] Read more.

Eradication of Helicobacter pylori is a challenge due to rising antibiotic resistance and GIT-related disorders. Cuminum cyminum, Pimpinella anisum, and Carum carvi are fruits belonging to the Apiaceae family. Their essential oils were extracted, analyzed using GC-MS, tested for anti-H. pylori activity by a micro-well dilution technique, identified for potential anti-H. pylori inhibitors by an in-silico study, and investigated for anti-inflammatory activity using a COX-2 inhibition assay. Results showed that the main components of C. cyminum, P. anisum, and C. carvi were cumaldehyde (41.26%), anethole (92.41%), and carvone (51.38%), respectively. Essential oil of C. cyminum exhibited the greatest anti-H. pylori activity (3.9 µg/mL) followed by P. anisum (15.63 µg/mL), while C. carvi showed the lowest activity (62.5 µg/mL). The in-silico study showed that cumaldehyde in C. cyminum has the best fitting energy to inhibit H. pylori.C. cyminum essential oil showed the maximum ability to reduce the production of Cox-2 expression approaching celecoxib with IC₅₀ = 1.8 ± 0.41 µg/mL, followed by the C. carvi oil IC₅₀ = 7.3 ± 0.35 µg/mL and then oil of P. anisum IC₅₀ = 10.7±0.63 µg/mL. The investigated phytochemicals in this study can be used as potential adjunct therapies with conventional antibiotics against H. pylori. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Plant Derivatives and Their Pharmaceutical Potential)

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21 pages, 4455 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Protective Function of Malus baccata (L.) Borkh Methanol Extract against UVB/Hydrogen Peroxide-Induced Skin Aging via Inhibition of MAPK and NF-κB Signaling

by Chaoran Song, Chae Young Lee, Hwa Pyoung Lee, Mohammad Amjad Hossain, Zhiyun Zhang, Soo-Yong Kim, Minkyung Song, Jong-Hoon Kim and Jae Youl Cho

Plants 2022, 11(18), 2368; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants11182368 - 11 Sep 2022

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2364

Abstract

Ultraviolet (UV) irradiation induces ROS production, which activates activator protein (AP)-1 and nuclear factor (NF)-κB signaling and downstream molecules, ultimately triggering the generation of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and degradation of collagen. The aim of this study was to investigate the protective effect of [...] Read more.

Ultraviolet (UV) irradiation induces ROS production, which activates activator protein (AP)-1 and nuclear factor (NF)-κB signaling and downstream molecules, ultimately triggering the generation of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and degradation of collagen. The aim of this study was to investigate the protective effect of methanol extract from Malus baccata (L.) Borkh (Mb-ME) against aging. DPPH and ABTS assays showed that Mb-ME had a significant antioxidant capacity. Flow cytometry results indicated that Mb-ME attenuated UVB and H₂O₂-stimulated apoptosis and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. RT-PCR analysis in HaCaT and HDF cells suggested that Mb-ME treatment blocked the expression of MMPs, COX-2, IL-1β, IL-6, HYALs, and p53 while promoting the levels of TGM1, FLG, HASs, Sirt1, and Col1A1. Mechanically, Mb-ME inhibited the phosphorylation of MAP kinases and NF-κB signaling. Overall, these results strongly suggest that Mb-ME can be developed as an antiaging therapy. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Plant Derivatives and Their Pharmaceutical Potential)

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23 pages, 3747 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Hepatoprotective Effect of Opuntia robusta Fruit Biocomponents in a Rat Model of Thioacetamide-Induced Liver Fibrosis

by Nayeli Amalinalli Pulido-Hornedo, Javier Ventura-Juárez, Fidel Guevara-Lara, Herson Antonio González-Ponce, Esperanza Sánchez-Alemán, Manon Buist-Homan, Han Moshage and Ma. Consolación Martínez-Saldaña

Plants 2022, 11(15), 2039; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants11152039 - 04 Aug 2022

Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2327

Abstract

Liver fibrosis is a chronic disease associated with oxidative stress that has a great impact on the population mortality. Due to their antioxidant capacity, we evaluated the protective effect of Opuntia robusta fruit (Or) on liver fibrosis. A nutraceutical characterization of [...] Read more.

Liver fibrosis is a chronic disease associated with oxidative stress that has a great impact on the population mortality. Due to their antioxidant capacity, we evaluated the protective effect of Opuntia robusta fruit (Or) on liver fibrosis. A nutraceutical characterization of Or was performed and a model of fibrosis was induced with thioacetamide (TAA) in Wistar rats. Aminotransferases, reduced glutathione (GSH) and histopathology were evaluated. Or contained 436.5 ± 57 mg of Betacyanins equivalents/L., 793 mg of catechin equivalents (CAE)/100 g for flavonoids, 1118 mg of gallic acid equivalents (GAE)/100 g for total phenols, 141.14 mg/100 g for vitamin C and 429.9 μg/100 g for vitamin E. The antioxidant capacity of Or was: 2.27 mmol of Trolox^® equivalents (TE)/L (DPPH), 62.2 ± 5.0 μmol TE/g (ABTS^•+), 80.2 ± 11.7 μmol TE/g (FRAP), 247.9 ± 15.6 µmol TE/g (AAPH) and 15.0% of H₂O₂ elimination. An increase (p < 0.05) of aminotransferases and a decrease (p < 0.05) of hepatic GSH was observed in the TAA group compared to the control and the concomitant groups. Histopathology showed changes in the normal architecture of the liver treated with TAA compared to the concomitant treatments. Or contains bioactive components with antioxidant capacity, which can reduce fibrotic liver damage. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Plant Derivatives and Their Pharmaceutical Potential)

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17 pages, 2038 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Assessing the Ameliorative Effect of Selenium Cinnamomum verum, Origanum majorana, and Origanum vulgare Nanoparticles in Diabetic Zebrafish (Danio rerio)

by Rosa Martha Pérez Gutiérrez, José Guadalupe Soto Contreras, Felipe Fernando Martínez Jerónimo, Mónica de la Luz Corea Téllez and Raúl Borja-Urby

Plants 2022, 11(7), 893; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants11070893 - 28 Mar 2022

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2183

Abstract

Cinnamomum verum, Origanum majorana, and Origanum vulgare have been used in traditional medicine for a long time to treat diabetes because of their promising therapeutic effects. The combination of these plants (COO) was tested to improve their efficacy using selenium nanoparticles [...] Read more.

Cinnamomum verum, Origanum majorana, and Origanum vulgare have been used in traditional medicine for a long time to treat diabetes because of their promising therapeutic effects. The combination of these plants (COO) was tested to improve their efficacy using selenium nanoparticles (Se-COO-NPs) and gum Arabic (GA) as stabilizers for sustained release. Phenolic compounds of plants were identified using liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS). GA-Se-COO-NPs were characterized by spectroscopic and microscopic methods and evaluated in diabetic zebrafish. The ultraviolet spectrum was assessed to confirm the formation of plasmon resonance at 267 nm. The obtained particle size of selenium nanospheres was 65.76 nm. They were maintained in a stable form for 5 months at 4 °C. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images demonstrated the presence of individual spherical nanoparticles. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) showed the interaction between COO extract and selenium, exhibiting good entrapment efficiency (87%). The elemental analysis of COO extract and GA-COO-SeNPs confirmed that NPs were obtained. The zebrafish were exposed to a high glucose concentration for two weeks, and type 2 diabetes and oxidative stress responses were induced. In diabetic zebrafish, treatment with NPs showed antilipidemic and hypoglycemic effects, high survivability, and reduced levels of glucose, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and lipids in the blood. This group this had a higher survivorship rate than the diabetic control. The results demonstrated that GA-Se-COO-NPs have high antidiabetic potential, most likely because of the synergic effects of phenolic compounds and Se nanoparticles. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Plant Derivatives and Their Pharmaceutical Potential)

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21 pages, 3340 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Antihyperglycemic Effects of Salvia polystachya Cav. and Its Terpenoids: α-Glucosidase and SGLT1 Inhibitors

by Rocio Ortega, Miguel Valdés, Francisco J. Alarcón-Aguilar, Ángeles Fortis-Barrera, Elizabeth Barbosa, Claudia Velazquez and Fernando Calzada

Plants 2022, 11(5), 575; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants11050575 - 22 Feb 2022

Cited by 5 | Viewed by 2536

Abstract

The antihyperglycemic activity of ethanolic extract from Salvia polystachya (EESpS) and its products was evaluated using in vivo, ex vivo and in silico assays; additionally, an acute toxicity assay was evaluated. EESpS was classified as a nontoxic class 5 drug. EESpS, ethyl acetate [...] Read more.

The antihyperglycemic activity of ethanolic extract from Salvia polystachya (EESpS) and its products was evaluated using in vivo, ex vivo and in silico assays; additionally, an acute toxicity assay was evaluated. EESpS was classified as a nontoxic class 5 drug. EESpS, ethyl acetate fraction (EtOAcFr), secondary-6-fraction (SeFr6), ursolic acid (UA), and oleanolic acid (OA) reduced the hyperglycemia in DM2 mice. α-glucosidase inhibition was evaluated with oral sucrose and starch tolerance tests (OSuTT and OStTT), an intestinal sucrose hydrolysis (ISH) assay and molecular docking studies using acarbose as control. SGLT1 inhibition was evaluated with oral glucose and galactose tolerance tests (OGTT and OGaTT), an intestinal glucose absorption (IGA) assay and molecular docking studies using canagliflozin as the control. During the carbohydrate tolerance tests, all the treatments reduced the postprandial peak, similar to the control drugs. During the ISH, IC₅₀ values of 739.9 and 726.3 µM for UA and OA, respectively, were calculated. During the IGA, IC₅₀ values of 966.6 and 849.3 for UA, OA respectively, were calculated. Finally, during the molecular docking studies, UA and OA showed ∆G values of −6.41 and −5.48 kcal/mol⁻¹, respectively, on α-glucosidase enzymes. During SGLT1, UA and OA showed ∆G values of −10.55 and −9.65, respectively. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Plant Derivatives and Their Pharmaceutical Potential)

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17 pages, 5436 KiB

Open AccessArticle

In Vitro Photoprotective, Anti-Inflammatory, Moisturizing, and Antimelanogenic Effects of a Methanolic Extract of Chrysophyllum lucentifolium Cronquist

by Chaoran Song, Laura Rojas Lorz, Jongsung Lee and Jae Youl Cho

Plants 2022, 11(1), 94; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants11010094 - 28 Dec 2021

Cited by 12 | Viewed by 2772

Abstract

UVB exposure causes DNA mutation and ROS generation, which lead to skin photoaging, skin wrinkling, skin sagging, and uneven skin pigmentation. ROS activate the NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways leading to production of inflammatory molecules such as COX-2, collagen-degrading proteins such as matrix [...] Read more.

UVB exposure causes DNA mutation and ROS generation, which lead to skin photoaging, skin wrinkling, skin sagging, and uneven skin pigmentation. ROS activate the NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways leading to production of inflammatory molecules such as COX-2, collagen-degrading proteins such as matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), and moisture-deficiency-related proteins such as hyaluronidases (HYALs). UVB exposure also induces irregular skin pigmentation though melanin overproduction, related to CREB transcription factor activity and transcription of melanogenesis genes. Here, we demonstrate that Chrysophyllum lucentifolium methanol extract (Cl-ME) has antioxidant activity; it dose-dependently decreased the expression of COX-2, MMP-1, MMP-9, HYAL-1, and HYAL-4 by downregulating the NF-κB (IKKα/β, IκBα) and MAPK (ERK, JNK, and p38) pathways and increased the expression of Col1a1, which encodes a protein important for maintaining skin elasticity. Cl-ME also showed promising antimelanogenic activity by decreasing the expression of CREB, a transcription factor, which in turn inhibited the expression of genes encoding tyrosinase, MITF, TYRP1, and TYRP2. In summary, a methanol extract of C. lucentifolium exhibited antiphotoaging and antimelanogenic activity and could be useful in the cosmeceutical industry. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Plant Derivatives and Their Pharmaceutical Potential)

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15 pages, 3195 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Huberia peruviana Cogn. Methanol Extract by Inhibiting Src Activity in the NF-κB Pathway

by Seung A Kim, Chae Young Lee, Ankita Mitra, Haeyeop Kim, Byoung Young Woo, Yong Deog Hong, Jin Kyoung Noh, Dong-Keun Yi, Han Gyung Kim and Jae Youl Cho

Plants 2021, 10(11), 2335; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants10112335 - 29 Oct 2021

Cited by 7 | Viewed by 2243

Abstract

There is a growing need to develop anti-inflammatory drugs to regulate inflammatory responses. An extract of Huberia peruviana Cogn. had the best inhibitory effect on nitric oxide (NO) production in screening process undertaken in our laboratory. However, the anti-inflammatory effect of Huberia peruviana [...] Read more.

There is a growing need to develop anti-inflammatory drugs to regulate inflammatory responses. An extract of Huberia peruviana Cogn. had the best inhibitory effect on nitric oxide (NO) production in screening process undertaken in our laboratory. However, the anti-inflammatory effect of Huberia peruviana Cogn. methanol extract (Hp-ME) has not been studied. In this study, the anti-inflammatory effect of Hp-ME was assessed by using an NO assay, RT-PCR, luciferase reporter gene activity assay, western blotting assay, HCl/EtOH-induced acute gastritis model, and LPS-induced acute lung injury model. The phytochemical components of Hp-ME were determined through LC-MS/MS analysis. When RAW264.7 and HEK293T cells were treated with Hp-ME, NO production was decreased dose-dependently without cytotoxicity and the mRNA levels of iNOS, COX-2, and TNF-α were decreased. In a luciferase assay, the activity of transcription factors, NF-κB in TRIF or MyD88-overexpressing HEK293T cells was extremely reduced by Hp-ME. The western blotting analysis indicated that Hp-ME has anti-inflammatory effects by inhibiting the phosphorylation of Src. Hp-ME showed anti-inflammatory effects on in vivo models of HCl/EtOH-induced gastritis and LPS-induced acute lung injury. LC-MS/MS revealed that Hp-ME contains several anti-inflammatory flavonoids. The final findings of this study imply that Hp-ME could be used as an anti-inflammatory drug in several inflammatory diseases. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Plant Derivatives and Their Pharmaceutical Potential)

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Review

Jump to: Research

29 pages, 817 KiB

Open AccessReview

Pharmacological Features of 18β-Glycyrrhetinic Acid: A Pentacyclic Triterpenoid of Therapeutic Potential

by Pottathil Shinu, Girdhari Lal Gupta, Manu Sharma, Shahzad Khan, Manoj Goyal, Anroop B. Nair, Manish Kumar, Wafaa E. Soliman, Aminur Rahman, Mahesh Attimarad, Katharigatta N. Venugopala and Abdullah Abdulhamid Ahmed Altaweel

Plants 2023, 12(5), 1086; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants12051086 - 01 Mar 2023

Cited by 5 | Viewed by 2791

Abstract

Glycyrrhiza glabra L. (belonging to the family Leguminosae), commonly known as Licorice, is a popular medicinal plant that has been used in traditional medicine worldwide for its ethnopharmacological efficacy in treating several ailments. Natural herbal substances with strong biological activity have recently received [...] Read more.

Glycyrrhiza glabra L. (belonging to the family Leguminosae), commonly known as Licorice, is a popular medicinal plant that has been used in traditional medicine worldwide for its ethnopharmacological efficacy in treating several ailments. Natural herbal substances with strong biological activity have recently received much attention. The main metabolite of glycyrrhizic acid is 18β-glycyrrhetinic acid (18βGA), a pentacyclic triterpene. A major active plant component derived from licorice root, 18βGA has sparked a lot of attention due to its pharmacological properties. The current review thoroughly examines the literature on 18βGA, a major active plant component obtained from Glycyrrhiza glabra L. The current work provides insight into the pharmacological activities of 18βGA and the potential mechanisms of action involved. The plant contains a variety of phytoconstituents such as 18βGA, which has a variety of biological effects including antiasthmatic, hepatoprotective, anticancer, nephroprotective, antidiabetic, antileishmanial, antiviral, antibacterial, antipsoriasis, antiosteoporosis, antiepileptic, antiarrhythmic, and anti-inflammatory, and is also useful in the management of pulmonary arterial hypertension, antipsychotic-induced hyperprolactinemia, and cerebral ischemia. This review examines research on the pharmacological characteristics of 18βGA throughout recent decades to demonstrate its therapeutic potential and any gaps that may exist, presenting possibilities for future drug research and development. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Plant Derivatives and Their Pharmaceutical Potential)

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74 pages, 16113 KiB

Open AccessReview

New Diterpenes with Potential Antitumoral Activity Isolated from Plants in the Years 2017–2022

by Cristina Forzato and Patrizia Nitti

Plants 2022, 11(17), 2240; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants11172240 - 29 Aug 2022

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2419

Abstract

Diterpenes represent a wider class of isoprenoids, with more than 18,000 isolated compounds, and are present in plants, fungi, bacteria, and animals in both terrestrial and marine environments. Here, we report on the fully characterised structures of 251 new diterpenes, isolated from higher [...] Read more.

Diterpenes represent a wider class of isoprenoids, with more than 18,000 isolated compounds, and are present in plants, fungi, bacteria, and animals in both terrestrial and marine environments. Here, we report on the fully characterised structures of 251 new diterpenes, isolated from higher plants and published from 2017, which are shown to have antitumoral activity. An overview on the most active compounds, showing IC₅₀ < 20 μM, is provided for diterpenes of different classes. The most active compounds were extracted from 29 different plant families; particularly, Euphorbiaceae (69 compounds) and Lamiaceae (54 compounds) were the richest sources of active compounds. A better activity than the positive control was obtained with 33 compounds against the A549 cell line, 28 compounds against the MCF-7 cell line, 9 compounds against the HepG2 cell line, 8 compounds against the Hep3B cell line, 19 compounds against the SMMC-7721 cell line, 9 compounds against the HL-60 cell line, 24 compounds against the SW480 cell line, and 19 compounds against HeLa. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Plant Derivatives and Their Pharmaceutical Potential)

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12 pages, 1120 KiB

Open AccessReview

Pharmaceutical Potential of High-Altitude Plants for Fatigue-Related Disorders: A Review

by Hongkang Zhu, Chang Liu and He Qian

Plants 2022, 11(15), 2004; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants11152004 - 31 Jul 2022

Cited by 6 | Viewed by 2183

Abstract

Natural plants from plateaus have been the richest source of secondary metabolites extensively used in traditional and modern health care systems. They were submitted to years of natural selection, co-evolved within that habitat, and show significant anti-fatigue-related pharmacological effects. However, currently, no review [...] Read more.

Natural plants from plateaus have been the richest source of secondary metabolites extensively used in traditional and modern health care systems. They were submitted to years of natural selection, co-evolved within that habitat, and show significant anti-fatigue-related pharmacological effects. However, currently, no review on high-altitude plants with anti-fatigue related properties has been published yet. This study summarized several Chinese traditional high-altitude plants, including Rhodiola rosea L., Crocus sativus L., Lepidium meyenii W., Hippophaerhamnoides L., which are widely used in the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau and surrounding mountains, as well as herbal markets in the plains. Based on phytopharmacology studies, deeper questions can be further revealed regarding how these plants regulate fatigue and related mental or physical disease conditions. Many active derivatives in high-altitude medical plants show therapeutic potential for the management of fatigue and related disorders. Therefore, high-altitude plants significantly relieve central or peripheral fatigue by acting as neuroprotective agents, energy supplements, metabolism regulators, antioxidant, and inflammatory response inhibitors. Their applications on the highland or flatland and prospects in natural medicine are further forecast, which may open treatments to reduce or prevent fatigue-related disorders in populations with sub-optimal health. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Plant Derivatives and Their Pharmaceutical Potential)

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