Mitigation of Environmental Impacts of Greenhouse Gases in Agriculture

A special issue of Plants (ISSN 2223-7747). This special issue belongs to the section "Crop Physiology and Crop Production".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (10 December 2023) | Viewed by 2788

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária – Embrapa Cerrados, Rodovia BR-020, Km 18, CEP: 73310-970, Planaltina 08223, DF, Brazil
Interests: ecosystem ecology; global change ecology

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Guest Editor
Faculty of Agronomy and Veterinary Medicine, University of Brasília | UnB, Brasília, Brazil
Interests: plant ecology; plant physiology; nitrogen; soil; environmental science; agronomy; soil biology

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The production of food, energy, fiber and wood with less environmental impact represents a major challenge for the agricultural sector. In addition to the search for environmental preservation, agriculture must aim at energy efficiency and the mitigation of degradation caused by changes in land use, especially in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. The anthropogenic concentration of CO2 has reached an all-time high in recent years (400 ppm CO2eq), and by 2025 it is expected to reach 427 ppm, leading to a more than 1oC increase in global average temperature. Integrated agricultural systems are more efficient at conserving water and soil and cycling nutrients, consequently improving soil quality and reducing production costs, especially regarding fertilizers. These integrated systems also contribute to food security and promote ecosystem services such as GHG mitigation. Therefore, one of the alternatives to mitigating environmental impacts of GHGs is the adoption of integrated systems, such as no-till and crop–livestock, crop–livestock–forest and agroforestry systems. This Special Issue, “Mitigation of Environmental Impacts of Greenhouse Gases in Agriculture”, aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the potential of these conservationist and more resilient agricultural systems in mitigating GHG and global climate change. There is a particular interest in agricultural system research on GHG mitigation.

Dr. Arminda Moreira de Carvalho
Dr. Maria Lucrécia Gerosa Ramos
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • sustainable agriculture
  • greenhouse gas emissions
  • low-carbon agriculture
  • sustainable intensification systems
  • organic matter
  • no-tillage system
  • crop–livestock integration
  • crop–livestock–forest integration and agroforestry systems

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

17 pages, 1902 KiB  
Article
Changes in Organic Carbon Stock in Soil and Whole Tree Biomass in Afforested Areas in Latvia
by Guna Petaja, Arta Bārdule, Juris Zalmanis, Dagnija Lazdiņa, Mudrīte Daugaviete, Ilona Skranda, Zaiga Anna Zvaigzne and Dana Purviņa
Plants 2023, 12(12), 2264; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants12122264 - 09 Jun 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1321
Abstract
This study investigates the soil organic carbon (SOC) and whole tree biomass carbon (C), soil bulk density (BD) as well as changes in these parameters in afforested areas in Latvia. The study covered 24 research sites in afforested areas—juvenile forest stands dominated by [...] Read more.
This study investigates the soil organic carbon (SOC) and whole tree biomass carbon (C), soil bulk density (BD) as well as changes in these parameters in afforested areas in Latvia. The study covered 24 research sites in afforested areas—juvenile forest stands dominated by Scots pine, Norway spruce and Silver birch. The initial measurements were conducted in 2012 and repeated in 2021. The results show that afforestation mostly leads to a general decrease in soil BD and SOC stock in 0–40 cm soil layer and an increase in C stock in tree biomass across afforested areas with various tree species, soil types, and former land uses. The physical and chemical properties of the soil could explain the differences in changes in soil BD and SOC caused by afforestation, as well as the impact of past land use may have persisted. When comparing the changes in SOC stock with the increase in C stock in tree biomass due to afforestation, taking into account the decrease in soil BD and the resulting elevation of soil surface level, the afforested areas at juvenile development stage can be considered a net C sink. Full article
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14 pages, 1549 KiB  
Article
Nitrogen Use Efficiency in an Agrisilviculture System with Gliricidia sepium in the Cerrado Region
by Cícero Célio de Figueiredo, Túlio Nascimento Moreira, Thais Rodrigues Coser, Letícia Pereira da Silva, Gilberto Gonçalves Leite, Arminda Moreira de Carvalho, Juaci Vitória Malaquias, Robélio Leandro Marchão and Segundo Urquiaga
Plants 2023, 12(8), 1647; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants12081647 - 14 Apr 2023
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Abstract
Gliricidia (Gliricidia sepium) is a tree legume that has great potential for use in agriculture because of its multiple-use characteristics. However, there is little information in the literature about the effect of agrisilvicultural systems on nitrogen (N) cycling. This study evaluated [...] Read more.
Gliricidia (Gliricidia sepium) is a tree legume that has great potential for use in agriculture because of its multiple-use characteristics. However, there is little information in the literature about the effect of agrisilvicultural systems on nitrogen (N) cycling. This study evaluated the effect of densities of gliricidia on N cycling under an agrisilvicultural system. The treatments were composed of different densities of gliricidia: 667, 1000 and 1333 plants ha−1, with a fixed spacing of 5 m between the alleys. The efficiency of N use was investigated by using the 15N isotope tracer. In each plot, a transect perpendicular to the tree rows was established in two positions: (i) in the corn (Zea mays) row adjacent to the trees, and (ii) in the corn row in the center of the alley. The N fertilizer recovery efficiency ranged from 39% in the density of 667 plants ha−1 to 89% with 1000 plants ha−1. The effect of gliricidia on the N uptake by corn was higher in the central position of the alley with 1000 plants ha−1. The agrisilvicultural system with 1000 plants ha−1 was highly efficient in the recovery of mineral N, representing an excellent option for integrated production systems in tropical regions. Full article
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