Plant Parasitic Nematodes Control and Host-Response

A special issue of Plants (ISSN 2223-7747). This special issue belongs to the section "Plant Protection and Biotic Interactions".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 September 2023) | Viewed by 3962

Special Issue Editors

Department of Chemical Engineering, Chemical Engineering and Renewable Resources for Sustainability (CERES), University of Coimbra, 3030-790 Coimbra, Portugal
Interests: natural compounds from agricultural residues/byproducts and plant extracts/essential oils to be used in the management of emerging and concomitant plant-parasitic nematodes (PPN); bionematicide formulations; evaluation of the ecotoxicological effects of bionematicides in plants and soil invertebrates, including non-target soil nematode communities; assessment of the effects of phytocompounds in PPN life cycle and genes expression profiles; characterisation of the molecular mechanisms involved in plant-nematode interaction that contribute to pathogenesis and defence response in plant host against RKN species; assessment of the pathogenicity of the root knot nematodes; morphological/biochemical/molecular characterisation of PPN
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Department of Life Sciences, Centre for Functional Ecology - Science for People & the Planet, Associate Laboratory Terra, Calçada Martim de Freitas, University of Coimbra, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal
Interests: biocontrol agents and studies on the nematicidal activity of plant natural extracts as sustainable alternatives to chemical pesticides; development of quick diagnostic tools for the detection and identification of emerging species of plant-parasitic nematodes, molecular characterisation and host studies with root lesion nematodes; Pratylenchus spp.
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Plant-parasitic nematodes (PPN), “the unseen enemies” of plants, are a threat to a wide range of plant species, including economically important crops, affecting production, quality and yield. Although PPN are responsible for losses estimated at around USD173 billion/year, most of the growers do not recognize their importance, as the symptoms associated with their presence are unspecific. The top 10 PPN, based on their scientific and economic importance, include root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.), cyst nematodes (Heterodera/Globodera spp.), root-lesion nematodes (Pratylenchus spp.), the burrowing nematode Radopholus similis, and the stem nematode Ditylenchus dipsaci, among others.

Once PPN are established, their eradication is very difficult. The objective of management strategies is to increase crop yield by reducing the nematode population and, consequently, limiting the damage to a economically acceptable level. Nematicides have been used to minimize crop losses caused by PPN. However, the increasing concern of producers and consumers about the risks posed by these chemicals has stimulated research on the development of “natural” nematicides. Furthermore, crop rotation and the growing of resistant cultivars are ecologically healthy, effective and widely used strategies for nematode control. In crop rotation fallow periods or non-hosts, resistant or immune plants to PPN species are rotated with susceptible crops; this approach requires knowledge about the host status of a large number of plants. Other practices have also been used, such as the considering the time of planting and harvesting, the removal or destruction of infected host plants, flooding, biofumigation, solarization, heat treatment, steaming, the use of allelopathic plants that release nematicidal compounds into the rhizosphere, trap crops, soil amendments, biological control, etc.

This Special Issue aims to bring together the latest advances in management strategies for important PPN. We welcome original research and reviews on the cover themes, including the application, evaluation, and validation of PPN control methods in in vitro, pot and field assays, including the host response of plants to PPN, chemical control (nematicides and bionematicides; mode of action), biological control, cultural methods (crop rotation, cover crops, soil amendments, …), and integrated pest management.

Dr. Carla Maleita
Dr. Ivânia Esteves
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • biocontrol agents
  • bionematicides
  • cultural methods
  • host status
  • nematicides
  • nematode control
  • plant parasitic nematodes
  • resistant plants

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

10 pages, 4965 KiB  
Communication
Efficacy of Azadirachtin in the Integrated Management of the Root Knot Nematode Meloidogyne incognita on Short- and Long-Cycle Crops
by Giada d’Errico, Nicola Sasanelli, Francesco Guastamacchia, Virgilio Stillittano and Trifone D’Addabbo
Plants 2023, 12(6), 1362; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants12061362 - 17 Mar 2023
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Abstract
Activity of azadirachtin on phytoparasitic nematodes has been documented for some decades, but the relationship between its nematicidal efficacy and crop cycle length has not yet been clarified. This study aimed to assess the efficacy of an azadirachtin-based nematicide, for controlling the infestation [...] Read more.
Activity of azadirachtin on phytoparasitic nematodes has been documented for some decades, but the relationship between its nematicidal efficacy and crop cycle length has not yet been clarified. This study aimed to assess the efficacy of an azadirachtin-based nematicide, for controlling the infestation of the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita, on the short- and long-cycle crops, lettuce and tomato, respectively. Experiments on lettuce and tomato were carried out in a greenhouse infested by M. incognita, including non-treated soil, or treated with the nematicide fluopyram, as controls. In the experiment on the short-cycle lettuce crop, the azadirachtin product effectively suppressed M. incognita infestation and increased crop yield, without significant differences from fluopyram. In the tomato crop, both azadirachtin and fluopyram were not able to control nematode infestation, but resulted in significantly higher yields. Data from this study indicated that azadirachtin can be a valid alternative to fluopyram and other nematicides, for root-knot nematode control in short-cycle crops. Integration of azadirachtin with a synthetic nematicide or nematode-suppressive agronomical techniques, should be more suitable to long-cycle crops. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Plant Parasitic Nematodes Control and Host-Response)
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7 pages, 844 KiB  
Communication
Nematicidal Activity of a Garlic Extract Formulation against the Grapevine Nematode Xiphinema index
by Trifone D’Addabbo, Edith Ladurner and Alberto Troccoli
Plants 2023, 12(4), 739; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants12040739 - 07 Feb 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1740
Abstract
The nematicidal activity of garlic extracts is known on root–knot nematodes but never investigated on the grapevine nematode Xiphinema index. In this study, the nematicidal activity of a commercial garlic extract formulate (GEF) was assessed on X. index, both in vitro [...] Read more.
The nematicidal activity of garlic extracts is known on root–knot nematodes but never investigated on the grapevine nematode Xiphinema index. In this study, the nematicidal activity of a commercial garlic extract formulate (GEF) was assessed on X. index, both in vitro and in a pot assay. In the in vitro assays, mixed specimens of X. index were exposed to a 0–4 mL L−1 range of GEF concentrations, checking nematode immotility and mortality after 2, 4 or 8 h. In the experiments on potted grapevines, plants cultivated in soil infested by X. index were irrigated twice at a 15-day interval with 0.05, 0.2 and 0.5 mL L−1 solutions of GEF, including nontreated soil as a control. An almost complete mortality of X. index specimens occurred after a 2 h exposure to a 2 mL L−1 GEF concentration, while an 8 h exposure to even the 0.0312 and 0.0156 mL L−1 solutions resulted in about 50% and 30% mortality, respectively. Soil treatment with a 0.5 mL L−1 GEF solution significantly reduced the population of X. index and increased the grapevine root growth compared to nontreated soil or soil treated with the lower dosages. Results of this study indicated that garlic-based nematicides could be an effective tool for X. index management in organic and integrated vineyards. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Plant Parasitic Nematodes Control and Host-Response)
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