High-NA Focused Laser Pulses: From Nanophotonics till Strong-Field Phenomena

A special issue of Photonics (ISSN 2304-6732).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 July 2023) | Viewed by 2934

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow State Technical University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
Interests: laser physics; high-NA focusing; aberrations; ray tracing; linear and nonlinear optical processes; filamentation

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Strong focusing of laser pulses using high numerical aperture (high-NA, NA > 0.1) optics works in two ways: to make laser radiation very intense at a specific point in space and to enable high spatial resolution near the diffraction limit. As a result, numerous applications are harnessing this focusing regime, ranging from nanosensing and nanophotonics to ultra-intense nonlinear optical effects in strong laser fields. Moreover, additional, extraordinary (e.g., longitudinal) electric field components have emerged with high-NA focusing of structured light with unusual polarization states, such as azimuthal and radial.

This Special Issue provides a collection of research broadly covering the most recent advances in fundamentals and applications of high-NA laser focusing in different fields, ranging from nanophotonics to strong-field optical phenomena. Topics of interest issue include fundamentals of high-NA focusing; high-NA focusing structured light; nano- and micro modification; nanosensing; nanophotonics; near-wavelength nonlinear effects; strong-field phenomena

Dr. Sergey I. Kudryashov
Dr. Yulia Gulina
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • pulsed lasers
  • high-NA focusing
  • nano- and micromodification
  • nanosensing
  • nanophotonics
  • near-wavelength nonlinear effects
  • strong-field optical phenomena

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

11 pages, 2671 KiB  
Article
Numerical Aperture-Dependent Spatial Scaling of Plasma Channels in HPHT Diamond
by Yulia Gulina, Jiaqi Zhu, George Krasin, Evgeny Kuzmin and Sergey Kudryashov
Photonics 2023, 10(10), 1177; https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics10101177 - 23 Oct 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 781
Abstract
The investigation of plasma channels induced by focused ultra-short 1030-nm laser pulses in bulk of synthetic High Pressure High Temperature (HPHT) diamond revealed strong dependence of their spatial parameters on the used numerical aperture of the lens (NA = 0.15–0.45). It was shown [...] Read more.
The investigation of plasma channels induced by focused ultra-short 1030-nm laser pulses in bulk of synthetic High Pressure High Temperature (HPHT) diamond revealed strong dependence of their spatial parameters on the used numerical aperture of the lens (NA = 0.15–0.45). It was shown that at weak focusing conditions it is possible to significantly increase the length of the plasma channel with a slight increase in pulse power, while tight focusing allows one to obtain more compact structures in the same range of used powers. Such a dependence paves the way to new possibilities in 3D processing of transparent dielectrics, allowing one, for example, to vary the spatial parameters of modified regions without changing the setup, but only by controlling the lens aperture, which seems very promising for industrial applications. Full article
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20 pages, 42338 KiB  
Article
Generation of Light Fields with Controlled Non-Uniform Elliptical Polarization When Focusing on Structured Laser Beams
by Svetlana N. Khonina, Andrey V. Ustinov and Alexey P. Porfirev
Photonics 2023, 10(10), 1112; https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics10101112 - 01 Oct 2023
Viewed by 806
Abstract
We study the sharp focusing of the input structured light field that has a non-uniform elliptical polarization: the parameters of the ellipse depend on the position in the input plane (we limited ourselves to the dependence only on the angular variable). Two types [...] Read more.
We study the sharp focusing of the input structured light field that has a non-uniform elliptical polarization: the parameters of the ellipse depend on the position in the input plane (we limited ourselves to the dependence only on the angular variable). Two types of non-uniformity were considered. The first type corresponds to the situation when the semi-axes of the polarization ellipse are fixed while the slope of the major semi-axis changes. The second type is determined by the situation when the slope of the major semi-axis of the polarization ellipse is constant, and the ratio between the semi-axis changes (we limited ourselves to the trigonometric dependence of this ratio on the polar angle). Theoretical and numerical calculations show that in the case of the first type of non-uniformity, if the tilt angle is a multiple of the polar angle with an integer coefficient, then the intensity distribution has rotational symmetry, and the energy flow is radially symmetric and has the negative direction near the optical axis. In this second case, the intensity symmetry is not very pronounced, but with an odd dependence of the ratio of the semi-axes of the polarization ellipse, the focused field at each point has a local linear polarization, despite the rather complex form of the input field. In addition, we investigate the distribution of the longitudinal component of the Poynting vector. The obtained results may be used for the formation of focused light fields with the desired distributions of polarization, Poynting vector density, or spin angular momentum density in the field of laser manipulation and laser matter interaction. Full article
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11 pages, 3303 KiB  
Communication
Intrapulse Correlated Dynamics of Self-Phase Modulation and Spontaneous Raman Scattering in Synthetic Diamond Excited and Probed by Positively Chirped Ultrashort Laser Pulses
by Sergey Kudryashov, Pavel Danilov and Jiajun Chen
Photonics 2023, 10(6), 626; https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics10060626 - 29 May 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1010
Abstract
In synthetic diamond plates, the intrapulse-correlated dynamics of self-phase modulation and spontaneous nonresonant Raman scattering by center-zone optical phonons were for the first time directly investigated for tightly focused (focusing numerical aperture NA = 0.25) positively chirped visible-range high-intensity laser pulses with variable [...] Read more.
In synthetic diamond plates, the intrapulse-correlated dynamics of self-phase modulation and spontaneous nonresonant Raman scattering by center-zone optical phonons were for the first time directly investigated for tightly focused (focusing numerical aperture NA = 0.25) positively chirped visible-range high-intensity laser pulses with variable durations (0.3–9.5 ps) and energies transmitted through the sample. The observed self-phase modulation broadening and modulation of the transmitted light and Stokes Raman spectra for the (sub)picosecond pulse durations indicate the considerable Raman–Kerr contribution to the nonlinear polarization. The latter appears through plasma emission of the optical phonons, which emerges on the (sub)picosecond timescale and dominates at ≈1 ps. Later, this phonon contribution is eventually suppressed in the material due to picosecond-scale electron-lattice thermalization and the related thermally enhanced symmetrical decay of optical phonons into lower-frequency acoustic ones. Full article
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