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Photonics
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Single Frequency Fiber Lasers and Their Applications
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Single Frequency Fiber Lasers and Their Applications

A special issue of Photonics (ISSN 2304-6732). This special issue belongs to the section "Lasers, Light Sources and Sensors".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 June 2024 | Viewed by 7745

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Ting Feng

E-Mail Website1 Website2
Guest Editor
Photonics Information Innovation Center, Hebei Provincial Center for Optical Sensing Innovations, College of Physics Science & Technology, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
Interests: single-frequency fiber laser; narrowband optical filter; laser linewidth compression method; wavelength-swept fiber laser; Q-switched and mode-locked fiber lasers; distributed optical fiber sensing; distributed polarization analysis and measurement
Prof. Dr. Guolu Yin

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Professor, Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Technology & Systems (Ministry of Education), Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
Interests: optical sensors; distributed fiber sensing technology; optical frequency domain reflectometry; 3D shape sensing technology; signal processing
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Wanjing Peng

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Associate Professor, Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on High Energy Laser, Institute of Applied Electronics, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621900, China
Interests: fiber laser; high power fiber amplifier; narrow linewidth; polarization control; MOPA
Dr. Bin Yin

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Associate Professor, Lidar Laboratory, Institute of Marine Technology, College of Information Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
Interests: fiber laser; fiber sensor; microwave photonics; environment exploration for atmospheric and ocean

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Single-frequency fiber lasers have attracted wide attention owing to their distinctive advantages such as narrow linewidth, low noise, high efficiency, operating in both near-infrared (NIR) and mid-infrared (MIR) regions, as well as preferred all-fiber structure with excellent beam quality, high compactness and free of maintenance. They can be broadly used in applications from advanced scientific research to practical applications, including cold atom physics, optical atomic clocks, measurements of fundamental constants and physics, high-resolution spectroscopy, gravitational wave detection, laser weapons, LIDARs, long-haul coherent communications, high-precision optical sensing and so on. In the last two decades, the performance of single-frequency fiber lasers has been improved significantly based on the developments of related basic techniques, including specialty fibers, optical filters, noise suppression and linewidth compression. In addition, single-frequency fiber lasers based on special oscillation mechanisms (such as stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS), stimulated Raman scattering (SRS), random distributed feedback, etc.) and new fiberglass matrices emitting in new spectral ranges have been widely studied as well. Moreover, novel mathematical analysis methods are being developed to study and optimize the performance of various single-frequency fiber lasers.

The purpose of this Special Issue is to attract the latest theoretical and experimental results about single-frequency fiber lasers and recent developments in their applications.

Topics to be covered include, but are not limited to, the following:

  • Fiber lasers operating in traditional and new spectral ranges from NIR to MIR regions;
  • New gain optical fibers and gain mechanisms (SBS-based and SRS-based);
  • Novel single-longitudinal-mode or single-frequency selection mechanisms;
  • Novel optical filters (fiber-based and waveguide-based);
  • Laser frequency stabilization, noise suppression and linewidth compression methods;
  • Single-frequency laser amplifying and high-power fiber lasers;
  • Multi-wavelength lasing, and wavelength-switchable and tunable operations;
  • Single-frequency Q-switched lasing operation;
  • theoretical modeling of single-frequency fiber lasers; new materials used as saturable absorbers in fiber lasers;
  • Practical applications such as LIDAR, optical communication, fiber sensor, spectroscopy, laser manufacturing, microwave photonics, and all other related areas.

Prof. Dr. Ting Feng
Prof. Dr. Guolu Yin
Dr. Wanjing Peng
Dr. Bin Yin
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Photonics is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • fiber optics
  • fiber lasers
  • single-frequency operation
  • narrow-linewidth
  • optical filters
  • multi-wavelength operation
  • single-frequency amplifiers
  • applications of single-frequency fiber laser

Published Papers (6 papers)

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Research

11 pages, 3819 KiB  
Article
Switchable Dual-Wavelength Thulium-Doped Fiber Laser Based on Polarization-Maintaining Fiber Bragg Grating and Compound Cavity Filter
by Xiangdong Wang, Fengping Yan, Hao Guo, Wei Wang, Dandan Yang, Pengfei Wang, Ting Li, Chenhao Yu, Kazuo Kumamoto and Yuping Suo
Photonics 2024, 11(4), 360; https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics11040360 - 12 Apr 2024
Viewed by 357
Abstract
This paper presents experimental evidence regarding a novel switchable dual-wavelength thulium-doped fiber laser (TDFL). Wavelength switching is achieved by combining a polarization-maintaining fiber Bragg grating (PM-FBG) with a polarization controller (PC). The three-coupler double-ring compound cavity (TC-DRC) structure, acting as a mode-selection filter, [...] Read more.
This paper presents experimental evidence regarding a novel switchable dual-wavelength thulium-doped fiber laser (TDFL). Wavelength switching is achieved by combining a polarization-maintaining fiber Bragg grating (PM-FBG) with a polarization controller (PC). The three-coupler double-ring compound cavity (TC-DRC) structure, acting as a mode-selection filter, is designed to select a single longitudinal mode (SLM) from the dense longitudinal modes. This paper introduces the design and fabrication method of the TC-DRC filter and analyzes, in detail, the mechanism for SLM selection. The experimental results demonstrate that the designed filter exhibits excellent performance. By adjusting the PC, the TDFL achieves stable SLM operation at the wavelengths of 1940.54 nm and 1941.06 nm, respectively. The optical signal-to-noise ratio (OSNR) is superior to 65 dB. When the TDFL is tested at room temperature, there is no significant wavelength drift, and power fluctuations are less than 1.5 dB. The operation of the SLM is verified through the self-heterodyne method, and the laser maintains stable SLM states for both wavelengths after continuous operation for an hour. Furthermore, based on the phase noise demodulation method, the linewidths of both wavelengths are measured to be less than 10 kHz at the integration time of 0.001 s. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Single Frequency Fiber Lasers and Their Applications)
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13 pages, 7077 KiB  
Article
Wavelength-Tunable Single-Longitudinal-Mode Narrow-Linewidth Thulium/Holmium Co-Doped Fiber Laser with Phase-Shifted Fiber Bragg Grating and Dual-Coupler-Ring Filter
by Dongyuan Li, Ting Feng, Shaoheng Guo, Shengbao Wu, Fengping Yan, Qi Li and Xiaotian Steve Yao
Photonics 2023, 10(6), 693; https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics10060693 - 19 Jun 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1170
Abstract
A wavelength-tunable single-longitudinal-mode (SLM) narrow-linewidth thulium/holmium co-doped fiber laser (THDFL) was developed in this study. The lasing wavelength was determined by combining a phase-shifted fiber Bragg grating (PS-FBG) and a uniform FBG (UFBG). SLM oscillation was achieved by incorporating a dual-coupler ring filter [...] Read more.
A wavelength-tunable single-longitudinal-mode (SLM) narrow-linewidth thulium/holmium co-doped fiber laser (THDFL) was developed in this study. The lasing wavelength was determined by combining a phase-shifted fiber Bragg grating (PS-FBG) and a uniform FBG (UFBG). SLM oscillation was achieved by incorporating a dual-coupler ring filter with the PS-FBG. At a pump power of 2.0 W, the THDFL exhibited excellent SLM lasing performance with a stable optical spectrum. It operated at an output wavelength of ~2050 nm with an optical signal-to-noise ratio of >81 dB, an output power fluctuation of 0.15 dB, a linewidth of 8.468 kHz, a relative intensity noise of ≤−140.32 dB/Hz@≥5 MHz, a slope efficiency of 2.15%, and a threshold power of 436 mW. The lasing wavelength tunability was validated experimentally by stretching the PS-FBG and UFBG simultaneously. The proposed THDFL had significant potential for application in many fields, including free-space optical communication, LiDAR, and high-precision spectral measurement. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Single Frequency Fiber Lasers and Their Applications)
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10 pages, 1638 KiB  
Communication
Single-Longitudinal Mode Ytterbium-Doped Fiber Laser with Ultra-Narrow Linewidth and High OSNR Using a Double-Ring Passive Subcavity
by Han Wen, Yaqi Zhai, Baole Lu and Haowei Chen
Photonics 2023, 10(5), 500; https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics10050500 - 26 Apr 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 966
Abstract
A continuous wave (CW) ultra-narrow linewidth single-longitudinal mode (SLM) ytterbium-doped fiber laser (YDFL) based on narrowband fiber Bragg grating (NB-FBG) and double-ring passive subcavity (DR-PS) was studied. The filtering characteristics of the double-ring passive subcavity are analyzed theoretically, and it is used as [...] Read more.
A continuous wave (CW) ultra-narrow linewidth single-longitudinal mode (SLM) ytterbium-doped fiber laser (YDFL) based on narrowband fiber Bragg grating (NB-FBG) and double-ring passive subcavity (DR-PS) was studied. The filtering characteristics of the double-ring passive subcavity are analyzed theoretically, and it is used as a high-precision mode filter to eliminate the dense longitudinal mode and mode hopping of YDFL and ensure that the laser operates in the SLM state. Experimental results show that the laser has a central wavelength of 1030.052 nm at room temperature, an optical signal-to-noise ratio of up to 73 dB, and an ultra-narrow linewidth of 355 Hz. In addition, we measured the short-term and long-term stability of the laser, with wavelength and power fluctuations of less than 0.008 nm and 0.19 dB, respectively, over 120 min. As a result, we obtain SLM YDFL with high stability, ultra-narrow linewidth, and a high optical signal-to-noise ratio. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Single Frequency Fiber Lasers and Their Applications)
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8 pages, 1928 KiB  
Communication
High-Power, Narrow-Linewidth, Continuous-Wave, Thulium-Doped Fiber Laser Based on MOPA
by Biao Guan, Fengping Yan, Wenguo Han, Qi Qin, Dandan Yang, Ting Li, Chenhao Yu, Xiangdong Wang, Kazuo Kumamoto and Yuping Suo
Photonics 2023, 10(4), 347; https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics10040347 - 23 Mar 2023
Viewed by 1426
Abstract
A high-power, narrow-linewidth, continuous-wave, thulium-doped fiber laser (TDFL) based on a master-oscillator power-amplifier (MOPA) was experimentally demonstrated. The main oscillator (seed source) yielded 0.64 W of narrow-linewidth laser output at a central wavelength of 1940.32 nm and a 3 dB spectral bandwidth of [...] Read more.
A high-power, narrow-linewidth, continuous-wave, thulium-doped fiber laser (TDFL) based on a master-oscillator power-amplifier (MOPA) was experimentally demonstrated. The main oscillator (seed source) yielded 0.64 W of narrow-linewidth laser output at a central wavelength of 1940.32 nm and a 3 dB spectral bandwidth of 0.05 nm. The output narrow-linewidth laser from the main oscillator was amplified by two-stage, cladding-pumped, thulium-doped, all-fiber amplifiers. The main amplifier yielded 26 W of narrow-linewidth laser at a central wavelength of 1940.33 nm. The slope efficiency of the main amplifier was approximately 55.6%. Significant residual pumping light component in the output laser was not observed. During the amplification process, no stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) effect, strong amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) effect, and parasitic lasers were observed at the reverse monitoring end. Moreover, the output power was only limited by the incident pump power and the output power had a good stability in a 50 min monitoring period. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Single Frequency Fiber Lasers and Their Applications)
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10 pages, 4229 KiB  
Communication
Sub-kHz Narrow-Linewidth Single-Longitudinal-Mode Thulium-Doped Fiber Laser Utilizing Triple-Coupler Ring-Based Compound-Cavity Filter
by Biao Guan, Fengping Yan, Dandan Yang, Qi Qin, Ting Li, Chenhao Yu, Xiangdong Wang, Kazuo Kumamoto and Yuping Suo
Photonics 2023, 10(2), 209; https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics10020209 - 14 Feb 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1191
Abstract
This paper proposes and demonstrates a single-longitudinal-mode thulium-doped fiber laser using a passive triple-coupler ring-based compound-cavity filter (TCR-CC) and a uniform fiber Bragg grating. For the first time, the TCR-CC filter is used to select a single mode from dense longitudinal modes. Experimental [...] Read more.
This paper proposes and demonstrates a single-longitudinal-mode thulium-doped fiber laser using a passive triple-coupler ring-based compound-cavity filter (TCR-CC) and a uniform fiber Bragg grating. For the first time, the TCR-CC filter is used to select a single mode from dense longitudinal modes. Experimental results show that laser in the wavelength of 1941.28 nm can maintain exceptional stability with an optical signal-to-noise ratio of 74.1 dB. The measured maximum wavelength drift and power fluctuation are 0.01 nm and 0.45 dB, respectively. Meanwhile, the measured linewidth of the laser is 910 Hz, and the relative intensity noise is below −125.82 dB/Hz above 2 MHz frequencies. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Single Frequency Fiber Lasers and Their Applications)
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8 pages, 2506 KiB  
Communication
Narrow-Linewidth Tunable Fiber Laser Based on Laser-Induced Graphene Heated Fiber Bragg Grating with Low Voltage
by Baoshan Gu, Feng Yang, Li Shen, Shouhuan Zhou, Shutong Wang and Sha Wang
Photonics 2023, 10(2), 136; https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics10020136 - 29 Jan 2023
Viewed by 1729
Abstract
In this paper, we demonstrate a narrow-linewidth tunable fiber laser based on laser-induced graphene (LIG) paper-heated fiber Bragg grating (FBG) with low voltage. A linewidth of less than 600 Hz is achieved by the combination of a piece of unpumped Er-doped fiber and [...] Read more.
In this paper, we demonstrate a narrow-linewidth tunable fiber laser based on laser-induced graphene (LIG) paper-heated fiber Bragg grating (FBG) with low voltage. A linewidth of less than 600 Hz is achieved by the combination of a piece of unpumped Er-doped fiber and an FBG. Changing the temperature of the FBG will result in the central transmission spectrum shifting, and hence the laser wavelength tuning. LIG-heated (LIG-H) fabrication on polyimide (PI) paper by CO2 laser is used to offer temperature control of the FBG. By adjusting the voltage of the LIG-H from 0 to 5 V, the temperature of the LIG-H can be changed from room temperature up to 220 °C, while the central wavelength of the output laser can be continuously adjusted from 1549.5 nm to 1552 nm with a full range of 2.5 nm. The proposed technique by electric control of LIG-H can provide a low-cost and compact wavelength tunable laser design. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Single Frequency Fiber Lasers and Their Applications)
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