Pharmacogenomics in Psychiatry

A special issue of Pharmaceutics (ISSN 1999-4923).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 July 2019) | Viewed by 10665

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
University Fellow, Senior Research Scientist, Laboratory of Pharmacogenomics and Individualized Therapy, Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, University of Patras, University Campus, Rion, GR-26504 Patras, Greece
Interests: pharmacogenomics; pre-emptive pharmacogenomics; personalized medicine; genomics; schizophrenia; bipolar disorder; major depression; antipsychotics; antidepressants; lithium; implementation of pharmacogenomics in psychiatric clinical practice; CYP2D6; CYP2C19

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Guest Editor
Consultant psychiatrist, General University Hospital of Patras, Greece
Interests: pharmacogenomics; psychopharmacology; psychopathology; psychosis; schizophrenia; mood disorders; personality disorders

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Guest Editor
1. Laboratory of Pharmacogenomics and Individualized Therapy, Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, University of Patras, University Campus, GR-26504 Rion, Greece
2. Department of Genetics and Genomics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates
3. Clinical Bioinformatics Unit, Department of Pathology, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands
Interests: pharmacogenomics; personalized therapeutics; clinical care; clinical implementation; clinical studies; pharmacogenomic testing; health technoloigy assessment; regulatory guidance
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Pharmacogenomics is a fascinating field, which refers to the impact of multiple genes and specific genetic variations on drug pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics, which in turn can lead to clinically essential variations in efficacy, but also, in adverse drug reactions. Owing to the advances in genomics technology, particularly with the advent of whole genome sequencing approaches the field has witnessed significant progress over the last years, further supporting the efforts for precision medicine. Particularly for psychiatry, which involves chronic and severely disabling diseases, this is the most crucial, as well as a challenging, target. Until now, there are very few studies highlighting the clinical implementation of pharmacogenomics in psychiatry.

It seems therefore that the implementation of the present special issue, focusing on advances on psychiatric pharmacogenomics, and highlighting pioneering and fruitful research is well-timed and highly expected. We firmly believe that such a special issue will contribute to the field by reviewing and presenting the latest and groundbreaking findings and will help disseminate valuable knowledge and insights to the researcher as well as the clinician. The articles that will be published should deal with, but may not be limited to, the following topics:

  1. Pharmacogenomics of antidepressants
  2. Pharmacogenomics of antipsychotics
  3. Pharmacogenomics of mood stabilizers
  4. Pharmacogenomics of adverse drug reactions in psychiatry
  5. Implementation of pharmacogenomics in clinical practice – attitudes, barriers, perspectives, costs
  6. Clinical decision support tools in pharmacogenomics with emphasis in psychiatry

Dr. Evangelia Eirini Tsermpini
Dr. Maria Skokou
Prof. Dr. George Patrinos
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • pharmacogenomics
  • precision medicine
  • antipsychotics
  • antidepressants
  • mood stabilizers
  • lithium
  • efficacy
  • adverse drug reactions
  • psychiatric treatment

Published Papers (2 papers)

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15 pages, 1046 KiB  
Article
Effectiveness of a Pharmacogenetic Tool at Improving Treatment Efficacy in Major Depressive Disorder: A Meta-Analysis of Three Clinical Studies
by Silvia Vilches, Miquel Tuson, Eduard Vieta, Enric Álvarez and Jordi Espadaler
Pharmaceutics 2019, 11(9), 453; https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics11090453 - 02 Sep 2019
Cited by 11 | Viewed by 4023
Abstract
Several pharmacogenetic tests to support drug selection in psychiatric patients have recently become available. The current meta-analysis aimed to assess the clinical utility of a commercial pharmacogenetic-based tool for psychiatry (Neuropharmagen®) in the treatment management of depressive patients. Random-effects meta-analysis of [...] Read more.
Several pharmacogenetic tests to support drug selection in psychiatric patients have recently become available. The current meta-analysis aimed to assess the clinical utility of a commercial pharmacogenetic-based tool for psychiatry (Neuropharmagen®) in the treatment management of depressive patients. Random-effects meta-analysis of clinical studies that had examined the effect of this tool on the improvement of depressive patients was performed. Effects were summarized as standardized differences between treatment groups. A total of 450 eligible subjects from three clinical studies were examined. The random effects model estimated a statistically significant effect size for the pharmacogenetic-guided prescription (d = 0.34, 95% CI = 0.11–0.56, p-value = 0.004), which corresponded to approximately a 1.8-fold increase in the odds of clinical response for pharmacogenetic-guided vs. unguided drug selection. After exclusion of patients with mild depression, the pooled estimated effect size increased to 0.42 (95% CI = 0.19–0.65, p-value = 0.004, n = 287), corresponding to an OR = 2.14 (95% CI = 1.40–3.27). These results support the clinical utility of this pharmacogenetic-based tool in the improvement of health outcomes in patients with depression, especially those with moderate–severe depression. Additional pragmatic RCTs are warranted to consolidate these findings in other patient populations. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Pharmacogenomics in Psychiatry)
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Review

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32 pages, 1053 KiB  
Review
Pharmacogenomic Characterization in Bipolar Spectrum Disorders
by Stefano Fortinguerra, Vincenzo Sorrenti, Pietro Giusti, Morena Zusso and Alessandro Buriani
Pharmaceutics 2020, 12(1), 13; https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics12010013 - 21 Dec 2019
Cited by 10 | Viewed by 6147
Abstract
The holistic approach of personalized medicine, merging clinical and molecular characteristics to tailor the diagnostic and therapeutic path to each individual, is steadily spreading in clinical practice. Psychiatric disorders represent one of the most difficult diagnostic challenges, given their frequent mixed nature and [...] Read more.
The holistic approach of personalized medicine, merging clinical and molecular characteristics to tailor the diagnostic and therapeutic path to each individual, is steadily spreading in clinical practice. Psychiatric disorders represent one of the most difficult diagnostic challenges, given their frequent mixed nature and intrinsic variability, as in bipolar disorders and depression. Patients misdiagnosed as depressed are often initially prescribed serotonergic antidepressants, a treatment that can exacerbate a previously unrecognized bipolar condition. Thanks to the use of the patient’s genomic profile, it is possible to recognize such risk and at the same time characterize specific genetic assets specifically associated with bipolar spectrum disorder, as well as with the individual response to the various therapeutic options. This provides the basis for molecular diagnosis and the definition of pharmacogenomic profiles, thus guiding therapeutic choices and allowing a safer and more effective use of psychotropic drugs. Here, we report the pharmacogenomics state of the art in bipolar disorders and suggest an algorithm for therapeutic regimen choice. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Pharmacogenomics in Psychiatry)
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