Antimicrobial Agents Based on Nanomaterials

A special issue of Pharmaceutics (ISSN 1999-4923). This special issue belongs to the section "Physical Pharmacy and Formulation".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 June 2024 | Viewed by 6201

Special Issue Editors

State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
Interests: hydrogel; antibacterial; wound healing
College of Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
Interests: antibacterial nanomaterials design; construction of stimulus-responsive nanodelivery systems and treatment of drug-resistant bacterial infections; nano-vaccine

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This Special Issue is devoted to reporting the latest developments in nanomaterials, capable of combating microorganisms such as bacteria and viruses. Around the world, the surge in bacterial diseases is causing serious health threats and potential other problems. The emergence and global spread of bacterial resistance to currently available antibiotics highlights the urgent need for new alternative antibacterial agents. In recent years, the metal ion release and photodynamic and photothermal effects of nanomaterials have shown positive efficiency in eliminating bacterial resistance and proliferation. Nanomaterials with surface plasmon resonance, photocatalysis, structural complexity and optical properties have been used to control the release of metal ions, and generate reactive oxygen species and heat for antibacterial applications. The properties of nanomaterials provide an opportunity to explore and enhance their antibacterial activities for clinical applications. For this Special Issue, we invite authors to contribute original research or review articles on the application of nanomaterials as antimicrobial agents or for antimicrobial drug delivery.

Dr. Ting Du
Dr. Zhiyong Song
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • nanomaterials
  • photodynamic
  • photothermal
  • antibacterial mechanism
  • biofilm

Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

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20 pages, 1208 KiB  
Article
Anti-MRSA and Biological Activities of Propolis Concentrations Loaded to Chitosan Nanoemulsion for Pharmaceutics Applications
by Khaloud Mohammed Alarjani, Hany Mohamed Yehia, Ahmed Noah Badr, Hatem Salma Ali, Abdulrahman Hamad Al-Masoud, Sarah Mubark Alhaqbani, Shahad Ahmed Alkhatib and Ahmed Moustafa Rady
Pharmaceutics 2023, 15(10), 2386; https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics15102386 - 26 Sep 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 984
Abstract
Propolis is a naturally occurring substance with beneficial properties; bees produce it from various plant sources, and it is an anti-inflammatory and therapeutic resinous substance. This study aimed to enhance the biological features of propolis extract by loading it onto active film. Firstly, [...] Read more.
Propolis is a naturally occurring substance with beneficial properties; bees produce it from various plant sources, and it is an anti-inflammatory and therapeutic resinous substance. This study aimed to enhance the biological features of propolis extract by loading it onto active film. Firstly, extraction was performed using three solvent systems, and their total phenolic, flavonoid, and antioxidant activity was measured. Propolis ethanol extract (EEP) was evaluated for phenolic fraction content and then chosen to prepare a chitosan-loaded emulsion with several concentrations. The antibacterial, anti-mycotic, and anti-mycotoxigenic properties of the extract and nanoemulsion were assessed. PPE’s cytotoxicity and nanoemulsion were evaluated using brine shrimp and cell line assays. Results indicate higher phenolic (322.57 ± 4.28 mg GAE/g DW), flavonoid (257.64 ± 5.27 mg QE/g DW), and antioxidant activity of the EEP. The phenolic fraction is distinguished by 18 phenolic acids with high p-hydroxybenzoic content (171.75 ± 1.64 µg/g) and 12 flavonoid compounds with high pinocembrin and quercetin content (695.91 ± 1.76 and 532.35 ± 1.88 µg/g, respectively). Phenolic acid derivatives (3,4-Dihydroxybenzaldehyde, 3,4-Dihydroxyphenol acetate, and di-methoxy cinnamic) are also found. Concentrations of 50, 100, 150, and 200 ng EEP loaded on chitosan nanoemulsion reflect significant antibacterial activity against pathogenic bacteria, particularly methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and toxigenic fungi, particularly Fusarium. Among the four EEP-loaded concentrations, the nanoemulsion with 150 ng showed outstanding features. Using a simulated medium, 150 and 200 ng of EEP-loaded chitosan nanoemulsion concentrations can stop zearalenone production in Fusarium media with complete fungi inhibition. Also, it reduced aflatoxins production in Aspergillus media, with fungal inhibition (up to 47.18%). These results recommended the EEP-chitosan application for pharmaceutics and medical use as a comprehensive wound healing agent. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Antimicrobial Agents Based on Nanomaterials)
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20 pages, 11558 KiB  
Article
Fullerenes on a Nanodiamond Platform Demonstrate Antibacterial Activity with Low Cytotoxicity
by Olga Bolshakova, Vasily Lebedev, Elena Mikhailova, Olga Zherebyateva, Liliya Aznabaeva, Vladimir Burdakov, Yuri Kulvelis, Natalia Yevlampieva, Andrey Mironov, Igor Miroshnichenko and Svetlana Sarantseva
Pharmaceutics 2023, 15(7), 1984; https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics15071984 - 19 Jul 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1069
Abstract
Carbon nanoparticles with antimicrobial properties, such as fullerenes, can be distinguished among the promising means of combating pathogens characterized by resistance to commercial antibiotics. However, they have a number of limitations for their use in medicine. In particular, the insolubility of carbon nanoparticles [...] Read more.
Carbon nanoparticles with antimicrobial properties, such as fullerenes, can be distinguished among the promising means of combating pathogens characterized by resistance to commercial antibiotics. However, they have a number of limitations for their use in medicine. In particular, the insolubility of carbon nanoparticles in water leads to a low biocompatibility and especially strong aggregation when transferred to liquid media. To overcome the negative factors and enhance the action of fullerenes in an extended range of applications, for example, in antimicrobial photodynamic therapy, we created new water-soluble complexes containing, in addition to C60 fullerene, purified detonation nanodiamonds (AC960) and/or polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP). The in vitro antibacterial activity and toxicity to human cells of the three-component complex C60+AC960+PVP were analyzed in comparison with binary C60+PVP and C60+AC960. All complexes showed a low toxicity to cultured human skin fibroblasts and ECV lines, as well as significant antimicrobial activity, which depend on the type of microorganisms exposed, the chemical composition of the complex, its dosage and exposure time. Complex C60+PVP+AC960 at a concentration of 175 µg/mL showed the most stable and pronounced inhibitory microbicidal/microbiostatic effect. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Antimicrobial Agents Based on Nanomaterials)
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12 pages, 8886 KiB  
Article
The Antibiofilm Effects of Antimony Tin Oxide Nanoparticles against Polymicrobial Biofilms of Uropathogenic Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus
by Inji Park, Afreen Jailani, Jin-Hyung Lee, Bilal Ahmed and Jintae Lee
Pharmaceutics 2023, 15(6), 1679; https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics15061679 - 08 Jun 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1132
Abstract
Biofilms are responsible for persistent or recurring microbial infections. Polymicrobial biofilms are prevalent in environmental and medical niches. Dual-species biofilms formed by Gram-negative uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) and Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus are commonly found in urinary tract infection sites. Metal oxide nanoparticles (NPs) [...] Read more.
Biofilms are responsible for persistent or recurring microbial infections. Polymicrobial biofilms are prevalent in environmental and medical niches. Dual-species biofilms formed by Gram-negative uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) and Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus are commonly found in urinary tract infection sites. Metal oxide nanoparticles (NPs) are widely studied for their antimicrobial and antibiofilm properties. We hypothesized that antimony-doped tin (IV) oxide (ATO) NPs, which contain a combination of antimony (Sb) and tin (Sn) oxides, are good antimicrobial candidates due to their large surface area. Thus, we investigated the antibiofilm and antivirulence properties of ATO NPs against single- and dual-species biofilms formed by UPEC and S. aureus. ATO NPs at 1 mg/mL significantly inhibited biofilm formation by UPEC, S. aureus, and dual-species biofilms and reduced their main virulence attributes, such as the cell surface hydrophobicity of UPEC and hemolysis of S. aureus and dual-species biofilms. Gene expression studies showed ATO NPs downregulated the hla gene in S. aureus, which is essential for hemolysin production and biofilm formation. Furthermore, toxicity assays with seed germination and Caenorhabditis elegans models confirmed the non-toxic nature of ATO NPs. These results suggest that ATO nanoparticles and their composites could be used to control persistent UPEC and S. aureus infections. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Antimicrobial Agents Based on Nanomaterials)
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Review

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22 pages, 840 KiB  
Review
Antimicrobial Activity of Selenium Nanoparticles (SeNPs) against Potentially Pathogenic Oral Microorganisms: A Scoping Review
by Eulàlia Sans-Serramitjana, Macarena Obreque, Fernanda Muñoz, Carlos Zaror, María de La Luz Mora, Miguel Viñas and Pablo Betancourt
Pharmaceutics 2023, 15(9), 2253; https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics15092253 - 31 Aug 2023
Viewed by 1022
Abstract
Biofilms are responsible for the most prevalent oral infections such as caries, periodontal disease, and pulp and periapical lesions, which affect the quality of life of people. Antibiotics have been widely used to treat these conditions as therapeutic and prophylactic compounds. However, due [...] Read more.
Biofilms are responsible for the most prevalent oral infections such as caries, periodontal disease, and pulp and periapical lesions, which affect the quality of life of people. Antibiotics have been widely used to treat these conditions as therapeutic and prophylactic compounds. However, due to the emergence of microbial resistance to antibiotics, there is an urgent need to develop and evaluate new antimicrobial agents. This scoping review offers an extensive and detailed synthesis of the potential role of selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) in combating oral pathogens responsible for causing infectious diseases. A systematic search was conducted up until May 2022, encompassing the MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus, and Lilacs databases. We included studies focused on evaluating the antimicrobial efficacy of SeNPs on planktonic and biofilm forms and their side effects in in vitro studies. The selection process and data extraction were carried out by two researchers independently. A qualitative synthesis of the results was performed. A total of twenty-two articles were considered eligible for this scoping review. Most of the studies reported relevant antimicrobial efficacy against C. albicans, S. mutans, E. faecalis, and P. gingivalis, as well as effective antioxidant activity and limited toxicity. Further research is mandatory to critically assess the effectiveness of this alternative treatment in ex vivo and in vivo settings, with detailed information about SeNPs concentrations employed, their physicochemical properties, and the experimental conditions to provide enough evidence to address the construction and development of well-designed and safe protocols. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Antimicrobial Agents Based on Nanomaterials)
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26 pages, 65668 KiB  
Review
An Overview of Stimuli-Responsive Intelligent Antibacterial Nanomaterials
by Jinqiao Zhang, Wantao Tang, Xinyi Zhang, Zhiyong Song and Ting Tong
Pharmaceutics 2023, 15(8), 2113; https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics15082113 - 09 Aug 2023
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 1466
Abstract
Drug-resistant bacteria and infectious diseases associated with biofilms pose a significant global health threat. The integration and advancement of nanotechnology in antibacterial research offer a promising avenue to combat bacterial resistance. Nanomaterials possess numerous advantages, such as customizable designs, adjustable shapes and sizes, [...] Read more.
Drug-resistant bacteria and infectious diseases associated with biofilms pose a significant global health threat. The integration and advancement of nanotechnology in antibacterial research offer a promising avenue to combat bacterial resistance. Nanomaterials possess numerous advantages, such as customizable designs, adjustable shapes and sizes, and the ability to synergistically utilize multiple active components, allowing for precise targeting based on specific microenvironmental variations. They serve as a promising alternative to antibiotics with diverse medical applications. Here, we discuss the formation of bacterial resistance and antibacterial strategies, and focuses on utilizing the distinctive physicochemical properties of nanomaterials to achieve inherent antibacterial effects by investigating the mechanisms of bacterial resistance. Additionally, we discuss the advancements in developing intelligent nanoscale antibacterial agents that exhibit responsiveness to both endogenous and exogenous responsive stimuli. These nanomaterials hold potential for enhanced antibacterial efficacy by utilizing stimuli such as pH, temperature, light, or ultrasound. Finally, we provide a comprehensive outlook on the existing challenges and future clinical prospects, offering valuable insights for the development of safer and more effective antibacterial nanomaterials. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Antimicrobial Agents Based on Nanomaterials)
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